-NRLF 


B   M   313 


Date 


PERSONAL  LIBRARY 
OF 

JOHN  WM.    GREGG 

Value 


THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 

Landscape  Architecture 

GIFT  OF 

Professor 
John  Wm0  Gregg 


Copyright.  1903 
By  WILLIAM    WARNER    HARPER 


Ilex  crenata 
(Japanese  Holly 

See  page  z;. 


Entrance  to  Office  at  Andorra. 

GIFT 


A  the  end  of  the  famed  Wissahickon  drive,  the  conditions  presented 
by  the  Andorra  Nurseries  do  no  violence  to  the  portion  of  Fair- 
mount  Park  which  is  adjoining.  Indeed,  the  last  half-mile  of  the 
most  lovely  park  drive  in  America  is  bounded  by  a  part  of  the  Andorra 
Nurseries  ;  and  a  sharp  turn  to  the  left,  as  one  emerges  from  the  shade 
by  the  Wissahickon,  leads  into  a  beautiful  tree  -bordered  nursery  road. 

With  the  wide  extent  and  varied  contour  of  our  Nurseries,  and 
with  the  great  variety  of  trees  and  plants  grown,  there  comes  a  special 
attractiveness.  No  day  in  the  year  is  without  its  own  attractions  at 
Andorra,  and  during  the  spring  and  summer  months,  every  morning 
brings  something  of  special  beauty  in  flower  or  leaf. 

The  fields  of  Iris  and  of  Peony  are  great  sheets  of  brilliant  bloom 
for  many  weeks.  The  surprising  display  of  Mountain  Laurel,  growing 
here  most  happily,  is  matched  by  the  gorgeous  Rhododendrons,  not  in 
set  fields,  but  in  lines  and  corners  which  make  their  colors  the  more 
enjoyable.  The  beauty  of  the  more  delicate  hardy  perennials  is  enhanced 
by  contrast  with  stately  borders  of  specimen  trees  and  shrubs.  One  may 
see,  too,  a  perfect  scale  of  delicate,  deep  and  rich  colors  in  the  ever- 
greens, contrasting  with  the  brilliancy  of  the  Japanese  Maples. 

Andorra  needs  a  visit  —  many  visits  —  to  be  appreciated.  The  visitor 
can  see  suggestive  effects  ;  he  can  pick  out  the  actual  trees  and  plants 
he  likes,  and  have  them  reserved  for  him.  By  all  means,  then,  visit 
Andorra,  and  see  nurseries  not  paralleled  anywhere. 

The  Andorra  Nurseries  can  be  reached  by  either  the  Philadelphia  & 
Reading  or  Pennsylvania  railroads  to  Chestnut  Hill  station,  and  from 
there  by  the  Chestnut  Hill  (City  Line)  Trolley  to  the  city  line,  from 
where  it  is  only  three  minutes'  walk  to  the  Nursery. 

The  descriptions  in  this  Catalogue  have  been  made  with  care,  to 
fairly  represent  the  great  stock  from  which  they  are  written.  We  have 
kept  nothing  unworthy.  As  the  stock  varies  constantly,  prices  are  not 
here  included  ;  they  may  be  found  on  a  separate  list. 


731 


1RRA 
'ChestmttJUU", 'Philadelp^^ 


OUR    STOCK 

In  view  of  the  special  class  of  trees  and  shrubs  we  handle,  it  is  possibly 
well  for  us  to  say  a  word  about  them.  Ever  since  the  establishment  of 
these  Nurseries  it  has  been  our  practice  to  grow  a  stock  of  thoroughly  fine 
trees  and  shrubs  to  a  large  size,  so  well  rooted  and  prepared  for  trans- 
planting that  it  is  possible  for  our  customers  to  secure  trees  and  shrubs 
to  give  immediate  effects,  and  not  be  obliged  to  wait  several  years  for 
stock  to  make  a  showing,  as  is  the  case  with  ordinary  nursery  trees. 

To  attain  this  object  it  has  been  necessary,  not  only  to  practice 
careful  cultivation,  but  to  allow  the  amount  of  space  necessary  for  each 
tree  or  shrub  in  order  that  it  might  become  a  perfect  specimen  of  its 
kind.  With  this  in  view,  our  plantations  are  laid  out  with  wide  rows,  and 
when  the  small  plants  are  set  out  from  the  seed-  and  cutting -beds,  they  are 
placed  far  enough  apart  to  develop  without  interfering  with  the  growth  of 
their  neighbors,  and  when  they  are  again  regularly  transplanted,  the  same 
point  of  "plenty  of  room"  is  carefully  considered.  We  take  pride  in  the 
fact  that  here  at  Andorra  trees  and  shrubs  are  given  more  individual  space 
than  at  any  other  nursery  in  this  country,  and  we  are  able  to  dig  specimen 
trees  without  in  any  way  interfering  with  others  in  the  rows.  This  enables 
us  to  get  the  entire  root  system  of  the  tree  or  shrub,  and  accounts  for 
the  successful  growth  of  our  stock  after  transplanting  to  the  destined 
positions. 

SHIPMENTS 

Our  shipments  are  packed  under  personal  supervision,  and  our  system 
is  so  arranged  that  all  orders  are  cross-checked,  not  only  to  avoid  possible 
errors  but  to  eliminate  the  chance  of  a  plant  which  may  not  be  in  thor- 
oughly first-class  condition  leaving  the  place.  We  are  often  asked  how  large 
a  tree  we  can  ship.  Every  day  during  our  busy  season  we  are  handling 
material  up  to  30  feet  in  height,  and  as  much  as  6  to  7  inches  in  diameter. 
When  trees  are  too  large  for  our  ordinary  packages,  in  bales  and  cases,  we 
ship  by  car-load,  and  frequently  use  gondola  cars  and  build  them  up.  For 
large  quantities  this  is  by  all  means  the  most  economical  and  best  method 
of  packing.  We  build  the  four  sides  of  the  car,  board  by  board,  as  the 
stock  is  loaded,  and  when  finished  and  roofed  in  we  have  practically  a  large 
box  40  feet  in  length,  10  feet  in  width  and  8  to  9  feet  in  depth.  In  this 
way  it  is  possible  to  avoid  all  chance  of  broken  branches  or  of  having  the 
trunks  and  limbs  barked  by  forcing  them  into  the  ordinary  box  cars. 

Evergreens  are  always  given  special  attention,  and,  when  necessary, 
the  roots  are  carefully  burlaped.  Owing  to  our  careful  system  of  packing 
we  can  ship  even  car-loads  to  the  Pacific  coast  in  perfect  condition. 


PLANTING    SUGGESTIONS 

ON  ARRIVAL,  the  bales  or  cases  should  at  once  be  opened,  and  if  the 
material  cannot  be  promptly  planted  it  should  be  "heeled -in."  To  do  this, 
dig  a  trench  from  I /^  to  2  feet  in  depth  and  of  sufficient  width  to  accom- 
modate the  roots  without  bending  them.  In  this  trench  set  the  trees 
close  together,  cover  the  roots  with  soil,  mounding  it  up  along  the  line  of 
the  trench,  so  that  it  will  turn  off  the  water  in  case  of  heavy  rains.  This 
is  of  special  importance  where  trees  must  remain  heeled -in  any  length  of 
time.  If  the  trees  can  be  planted  at  once,  the  most  important  point  is  the 
preparation  of  the  hole;  this  should  be  dug  at  least  one  foot  wider  than 
the  spread  of  the  roots  of  the  tree  to  be  set,  and  in  good  soil  should  be 
from  15  to  24  inches  in  depth,  unless  for  a  very  large  specimen,  when  it 
should  be  proportionately  deeper.  In  case  the  soil  is  not  good,  a  much 
larger  hole  should  be  excavated  and  filled  with  good  soil.  Should  the 
planting  space  be  in  a  clayey  soil,  the  bottom  of  the  hole  should  be  loosened 
up;  If  possible,  dig  entirely  through  the  clay.  If  not,  dig  deep  enough  to 
fill  in  with  stone  or  some  loose  material  that  will  insure  drainage. 

WHEN  SETTING  THE  TREE,  take  care  that  all  broken  portions  of  roots 
are  cut  off  in  a  clean,  careful  manner;  then  set  the  tree,  spreading  the  roots 
in  a  natural  position,  taking  care  that  the  small  fibers  are  not  twisted  or 
crowded.  Fill  in  with  good,  fine  soil,  which  should  be  worked  carefully 
under  the  roots  so  that  no  spaces  remain  unfilled.  Be  careful  not  to  plant 
too  deep.  The  tree  will  generally  show  by  the  soil -mark  on  its  bark  the 
depth  at  which  it  stood  in  the  nursery,  and  it  should  not  be  set  more 
than  2  or  3  inches  deeper.  As  the  soil  is  filled  in  by  layers,  it  should 
be  carefully  trampled  until  quite  firm,  and  when  the  hole  is  filled  within 
an  inch  or  two  of  the  top,  the  last  of  the  soil  should  be  spread  without 
trampling. 

KIND  OF  SOIL. — We  are  frequently  asked  what  kind  of  soil  to  use  and 
with  what  to  enrich  it.  Just  here  we  would  emphasize  the  fact  that  too 
much  care  cannot  be  taken  with  the  preparation  of  the  hole  for  planting. 
It  is  absolutely  necessary  that  the  tree  be  given  a  quantity  of  good  soil  if 
one  would  attain  satisfactory  results.  The  very  best  soil  obtainable  is  that 
from  an  old  meadow  where  the  rich  top-soil  and  sod  can  be  stripped  and 
thrown  together.  It  is  always  advisable,  where  much  planting  is  done,  to 
have  a  compost  heap  prepared  the  season  previous  by  putting  soil  and 
manure  in  alternate  layers,  and  have  the  pile  turned  two  or  three  times. 
When  either  of  these  kinds  of  soil  is  not  possible,  old  thoroughly  rotted 
manure  can  be  mixed  with  the  soil  for  planting;  but  in  no  case  should 
fresh  manure  or  patent  fertilizers  be  used. 


AFTER  PLANTING. — As  soon  as  the  hole  is  filled  and  the  tree  has  been 
properly  and  firmly  set,  spread  over  the  surface  a  layer  4  or  5  inches  thick 
of  either  old  or  fresh  manure  ;  this  layer  should  extend  a  foot  or  two 
beyond  the  line  of  the  newly  filled  hole,  and  this  mulching  is  important,  as 
it  will  help  to  hold  moisture;  and  moisture  is,  after  careful  planting,  the 
most  important  aid  to  insure  success.  It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that 
when  a  tree  is  transplanted,  no  matter  how  carefully  the  work  is  done, 
it  is  impossible  to  take  up  the  entire  root  system,  and  therefore  before  it 
is  able  to  care  for  itself  it  must  form  new  roots,  which  must  take  hold 
of  the  soil.  In  the  meantime,  by  the  action  of  the  wind  and  sun,  the 
moisture  is  being  continually  evaporated  from  the  trunk  and  branches, 
and  this  must  be  balanced  by  an  artificial  supply.  During  dry  spells  and 
hot  weather  of  the  following  season,  the  soil  around  the  base  of  the  tree, 
for  a  space  wider  than  the  original  hole,  should  be  frequently  watered, 
but  not  so  as  to  make  the  ground  soggy.  When  possible  the  foliage 
should  be  sprayed. 

PRUNING 

As  it  is  impossible  to  transplant  a  tree  without  affecting  the  root 
system,  it  is  important,  in  order  to  balance  the  supply  and  to  help  avoid 
excessive  evaporation,  that  the  top  of  the  tree  should  be  cut  back.  The 
amount  of  cutting  depends  entirely  on  the  amount  of  fibrous  root  carried 
by  the  tree,  although  hard -wooded  varieties  usually  require  harder  cutting 
than  soft  woods.  It  is  a  good  rule  to  remove  about  three -fourths  of  last 
year's  growth  from  all  the  branches;  and  in  doing  this  use  a  sharp  knife, 
making  a  perfectly  clean  cut,  and  taking  off  the  branch  or  part  of  branch 
either  at  a  fork  or  close  to  a  strong  bud.  Be  very  careful  not  to  leave 
stumps,  as  they  invariably  die  back  and  create  decay.  The  best  time  for 
pruning  is  when  the  trees  are  set  out,  and  if  they  are  large  it  will  be  found 
advisable  to  cut  them  before  they  are  planted;  but  in  every  case  be  careful 
to  preserve  the  natural  form  of  the  tree,  and  do  not  cut  back  into  old 
heavy  wood  that  does  not  show  buds.  SHRUBBERY  pruning  should  be 
done  with  a  knife,  not  with  hedge  shears,  and  as  a  rule  just  after  the 
plants  have  flowered;  but  in  some  cases  this  would  prevent  the  showy  fruits 
and  seeds  in  the  autumn.  It  is  almost  impossible  to  give  general  directions 
for  pruning  shrubbery  that  will  apply  to  all. 

The  whole  subject  of  successful  planting  may  be  briefly  summed  up 
as  follows:  A  well -drained  hole  larger  than  the  spread  of  the  roots;  good 
soil,  broken  roots  carefully  trimmed  and  the  top  branches  shortened  in; 
soil  packed  so  that  the  tree  stands  quite  firm,  a  heavy  mulching  as  soon  as 
the  planting  is  completed,  and  careful  watering  during  the  first  season. 


No.  i,  Cedrus  Deodara.     See  page   10. 

No.  2,  Specimen  Picea  pungens  glauca  at  Andorra.     See  page  14. 


No.  i,  Ilex  opaca.      dee  page   n.     No.  2,  Abies  concolor.      See  page  9. 


A  CLASS  of  indispensable  trees  for  parks,  private  and  public  grounds,  pos- 
sessing varied  characteristics  of  habit  of  growth,  form  and  coloring  of 
foliage,  and  adapted  to  a  variety  of  soils.  They  are  particularly  valuable  for 
ornamental  planting,  since  they  are  always  objects  of  beauty,  summer  and  winter 
alike,  giving  special  charm  to  our  landscape  when  deciduous  trees  are  leafless. 
We  pay  particular  attention  to  the  cultivation  of  these  trees,  and  grow  them  a 
good  distance  apart  in  order  to  form  perfect  specimens.  All  have  been  regu- 
larly and  carefully  transplanted,  and  have  an  abundance  of  roots,  thus  insuring 
satisfactory  removal. 

ABBREVIATIONS 

Denoting  size:    L,  large;  M,  medium;  S,  small;  £>,  dwarf;   FD,  very  dwarf. 
Denoting  rapidity  of  growth:    r,  rapid;   m,  medium;  s,  slow;  T,  vigorous. 

ABIES.       Fir      (See,    also,   Picea) 

A  class  of  rapid-growing  evergreens  of  extreme  hardiness,  and  thriving  in 
exposed  situations.  They  are  of  great  decorative  value,  but  need  plenty  of  space 
for  their  best  development. 

A.  balsamea.  Balsam  Fir.  (L  r)  A  slender,  pyramidal  tree  of  rapid 
growth,  extremely  hardy,  and  well  adapted  to  grow  in  boggy  land  where 
few  evergreens  will  thrive.  Foliage  dark  green,  silvery  beneath. 

A.  Canadensis.     See   Tsuga  Canadensis  (Hemlock). 

A.  cephalonica;  syn.  lasiocarpa.  Cephalonian  Fir.  (Mm)  A  hand- 
some variety  from  Greece.  Form  broad  and  pyramidal,  resembling  A. 
Nordmanr^ana;  foliage  dark  green.  Makes  a  good  specimen. 

A.  concolor.  White  Fir.  (Lm)  A  choice  Colorado  species,  with  long, 
broad  foliage,  very  glaucous  when  young,  and  becoming  pale  green  with 
age;  color  nearly  as  bright  as  the  Blue  Spruce.  A  choice  lawn  tree.  (See 
plate  on  page  8.) 

A.  Fraseri.  Double  Balsam  Fir.  (L  r)  Similar  in  appearance  and  habit 
to  A.  balsamea,  but  richer  and  more  lasting. 

A.  nobilis,  var.  glauca.  Noble  Silver  Fir.  (Lm)  A  magnificent  tree, 
with  regular,  horizontal  spreading  branches ;  foliage  of  pleasing  silvery  blue, 
the  young  growth  contrasting  well  with  the  deeper  shades  of  the  older. 

A.  Nordmanniana.  Nordmann's  Fir.  (Lm)  A  beautiful  vigorous  tree 
from  the  Crimean  mountains.  Its  dark  green  foliage,  silvery  beneath,  makes 
it  the  richest  of  evergreens.  It  is  a  good  grower  and  forms  a  noble  speci- 
men, contrasting  well  with  the  lighter  colors  of  evergreens. 

A.  pectinata.  European  Silver  Fir.  (Mr)  A  rapid  grower  of  pyramidal 
form ;  foliage  glossy  dark  green,  lighter  beneath.  A  good  tree  for  the  lawn. 

9 


W^R.4  _ 

'the^tnutJliir, ''Philadelphia 


BIOTA.      Chinese    Arborvitae 

The  Chinese  Arborvitaes  thrive  in  almost  any  soil,  and  will  stand  a  great 
deal  of  heat.  They  are,  therefore,  useful  for  planting  in  positions  where  they 
must  endure  much  sun  during  the  winter  months,  as  they  will  not  brown  as 
quickly  as  the  other  evergreens. 

B.  orientalis.  Oriental  Arborvitae.  (Mm)  Pyramidal  bush,  densely 
clothed  with  fresh  green  foliage ;  very  hardy. 

B.  orientalis,  var.  aurea.  Golden  Chinese  Arborvitae.  (Sm)  Conical 
in  form ;  medium  size ;  bright  golden  green  foliage. 

B.  orientalis,  var.  compacta.  Compact  Chinese  Arborvitae.  (JVD  s)  A 
dwarf  form,  very  compact  and  columnar;  fresh  green  foliage.  Valuable  for 
garden  work  where  a  fastigiate  form  is  required. 

B.  orientalis,  var.  elegantissima.  Rollinson's  Golden  Arborvitae.  (Sm) 
Medium  size;  upright,  pyramidal  form;  foliage  tipped  with  yellow,  giving 
it  a  bright  golden  color,  which  turns  bronze  in  winter.  A  rich  and  elegant 
variety. 

B.  orientalis,  var.  filiformis;  syn.,  Japonicum.  Thread  -  Branched 
Arborvitae.  (D  s)  Bushy  form,  with  long,  slender,  drooping  branches  and 
light  green  foliage.  Hardy  and  rare. 

B.  orientalis,  var.  semper-aurescens.     Ever-Golden  Arborvitae.     (VD s) 

Of  dense  form,  coloring  well,  and  retaining  its   golden   shading   throughout 
the  year. 

CEDRUS.      Cedar 

A  class  of  trees  that  should  be  more  widely  planted,  as  they  are  among  the 
handsomest  evergreens,  and,  while  some  of  them  may  not  be  hardy  in  all  positions, 
it  is  always  possible  to  select  a  sheltered  location  in  which  they  will  prove  highly 
satisfactory. 

C.  Atlantica.     Mt.  Atlas  Cedar.     (M  v)     Pyramidal,  open  and  airy  form. 

Light  silvery  foliage,  shorter  and  denser  than  that  of  the  Cedar  of  Lebanon, 
and  very  thick  on  upper  side  of  branches.     A  vigorous  and  valuable  tree. 

C.  Atlantica,  var.  glauca.  Mt.  Atlas  Silver  Cedar.  (M  v)  Similar  to 
C.  Atlantica,  except  that  the  foliage  is  a  decided  and  beautiful  silvery  blue. 

C.  Deodara.  Deodar,  or  Indian  Cedar.  (Mm)  Pyramidal  form  ;  branches 
graceful  and  drooping;  light  foliage,  of  a  silvery  glaucous  green.  A  beau- 
tiful, vigorous  tree.  Not  entirely  hardy  north  of  Philadelphia.  (See  plate 
on  page  7.) 

C.  Libani.  Cedar  of  Lebanon.  (M  v)  A  vigorous  grower,  with  wide, 
spreading,  horizontal  branches  ;  foliage  dark  green,  massive  and  picturesque. 
Somewhat  tender  when  young,  but  makes  a  grand  specimen. 

CEPHALOTAXUS.      Yew 

C.  Fortunei.  Fortune's  Yew.  (S s)  Of  rounded,  bushy  form;  long, 
slender,  drooping  branches,  with  broad,  dark  green  foliage.  Fruit  oblong, 
fleshy,  of  dark  purplish  brown  color. 

10 


CRYPTOMERIA 

C.  Japonica.  (Mm)  A  Japanese  evergreen.  Of  pyramidal  form  ;  foliage  of 
a  light  green,  set  closely  along  the  branches.  Hardy  here,  and  a  variety  that 
should  be  more  widely  planted. 

CUPRESSUS.     Cypress 

These  are  extremely  graceful  trees,  thriving  best  in  a  rich,  well-drained  soil, 
and  in  a  position  where  they  will  not  be  exposed  to  the  full  force  of  the  winter  sun. 

C.  Lawsoniana.  Lawson's  Cypress.  (Lm)  A  California  tree,  tall  and 
graceful,  its  slender  pendulous  branches  when  young  are  clothed  with  close, 
delicate  grayish  green  foliage.  Not  entirely  hardy,  except  on  high  dry  ground. 
A  beautiful  evergreen. 

C.  Lawsoniana,  var.  albo-spica.  White-tipped  Cypress.  (Mm)  Re- 
sembles the  type,  but  its  foliage  is  spotted  with  creamy  white. 

C.  Lawsoniana,  var.  erecta  viridis.  (L  v)  A  distinct  and  beautiful  sort 
of  fastigiate  habit.  Foliage  of  lighter  green  than  the  type. 

C.  Lawsoniana,  var.  lutea.  Golden  Cypress.  (Ss)  No  golden  ever- 
green equals  this  beautiful  tree  in  intensity  and  persistency  of  color  ;  compact 
habit  and  elegant,  graceful  foliage. 

ILEX.     Holly 

I.  opaca.  American  Holly.  (Ms)  Our  well-known  native,  branches  of 
which  are  much  used  during  the  Christmas  season.  Mostly  of  a  shrubby 
form  in  cultivation,  but  sometimes  of  good  size.  A  tree  with  short,  spreading 
branches,  forming  a  narrow  pyramidal  head  ;  oval  leaves,  dull  green  above 
and  yellowish  green  beneath  ;  fruit  scarlet.  Hard  to  transplant  unless  it  has 
been  properly  prepared  in  the  nursery.  Ours  are  moved  and  pruned  fre- 
quently, and  can  be  transplanted  with  safety.  (See  plate  on  page  8.) 

JUNIPERUS.    Juniper 

A  class  of  useful  evergreens  comprising  varieties  with  a  great  diversity  of  foli- 
age, some  of  the  colorings  being  extremely  pretty.  They  are  well  adapted  for 
formal  work  and  for  planting  in  rocky,  hilly  situations. 

J.  Canadensis.  Canadian  Juniper.  (VD s)  A  spreading  tree  of  bushy 
form;  foliage  pale  green,  with  silvery  tint.  Valuable  for  rock- and  hillside 
work. 

J.  Canadensis,  var.  aurea;  syn.,  Douglasi.  Golden  Canadian  Juniper. 
(VD  s)  A  golden  form  of  the  above.  Bright  yellow  on  its  new  growth, 
changing  deeper,  and  to  bronzy  yellow  in  winter.  A  valuable  dwarf  sort. 

J.  Canadensis,  var.  prostrata ;  syn.,  repens.  Trailing  Juniper.  (VD s) 
A  prostrate  creeping  shrub,  somewhat  resembling  /.  Canadensis  in  foliage,  but 
more  purplish,  and  in  winter  a  deeper  tinge  of  bronze.  It  also  grows  much 
closer  to  the  ground  and  is  very  spreading;  valuable  for  rockwork  and  banks. 

J.  Chinensis.  Chinese  Juniper.  (Ms)  A  tree  of  dense,  pyramidal  habit; 
foliage  of  a  pretty  deep  green. 

11 


JUNIPERUS,    continued 

J.  Chinensis,  var.  aurea.  Golden  Chinese  Juniper.  (Ss)  Similar  in 
form  and  habit  to  the  above,  but  of  a  bright  golden  color  ;  the  younger  growth 
being  quite  brilliant,  and  the  color  is  constant. 

J.  communis.  Common  Juniper.  (Mm)  A  tree  of  dense,  fastigiate 
form.  Foliage  grayish  green.  Useful  in  formal  work. 

J.  communis,  var.  Hibernica.  Irish  Juniper.  (Mm)  Of  close,  fastigiate 
form,  densely  foliaged  in  glaucous  green.  Does  best  in  well-drained  soils. 
Useful  in  formal  work. 

J.  communis,  var.  Suecica.  Swedish  Juniper.  (Mm)  Not  as  fastigiate 
as  the  Irish,  but  useful  where  columnar  effects  are  required.  Foliage  sharp, 
color  glaucous  green. 

J.  excelsa,  var.  stricta  variegata.  (Ms)  A  good  grower  of  conical  form. 
Densely  branched  and  foliaged  with  grayish  green,  interspersed  with  branchlets 
of  creamy  white.  Holds  color  equally  well  the  entire  year.  A  valuable 
variety;  rare. 

J.  recurva;  syn.,  repanda.  Recurved  Juniper.  (Dm)  A  graceful, 
handsome  plant  with  spreading,  recurving  branches  ;  leaves  grayish  or  glaucous 
green,  with  white  band  above.  Grows  best  in  a  cool  soil. 

J.  recurva,  var.  squamata.  Scaly-Leaved  Juniper.  (F d)  A  very  hardy 
and  prostrate  form,  with  long,  trailing  branches ;  foliage  glaucous  or  bluish 
green ;  useful  on  banks  and  for  rockwork. 

J.  Sabina.  Savin  Juniper.  (FD  s)  A  low,  bushy,  spreading  tree, 
thickly  branched.  Foliage  deep  dark  green  ;  valuable  for  rockwork. 

J.  Sabina,  var.  aurea  variegata.  Savin's  Golden  Juniper.  (FD s)  A 
form  in  habit  similar  to  Sabina,  and  distinctly  and  beautifully  marked  with 
golden  yellow. 

J.  Sabina,  var.  procumbens.  Prostrate  Savin  Juniper.  (VD  s)  A  pros- 
trate, trailing  shrub  ;  branches  close  to  the  ground  and  very  spreading. 
Foliage  deep  dark  green.  Useful  for  rockwork  and  light  soils. 

J.  Sabina,  var.  tamariscifolia.  Tamarisk -Leaved  Juniper.  (VD  m)  A 
very  low-growing,  densely  branched  variety  of  neat  habit.  The  foliage  is  a 
brighter  green  than  the  type.  Excellent  for  banks  or  rockwork. 

J.  Virginiana.  Red,  or  Virginia  Cedar.  (Mm)  A  native  tree  of  con- 
ical form  ;  densely  branched  and  thickly  foliaged  in  deep,  rich  green.  Bark 
on  trunk  and  branches  reddish  brown.  Note  the  following  desirable  forms: 

J.  Virginiana,  var.  glauca.  Blue  Virginia  Cedar.  (Mm)  In  growth 
similar  to  J.  Virginiana,  but  foliage  is  a  rich  silvery  blue.  Keeps  color  well 
through  the  entire  year.  One  of  the  finest  blue  trees.  Our  stock  is  large 
and  every  tree  well  rooted. 

J.  Virginiana,  var.  Kpsteri.  Spreading  Virginia  Cedar.  (VD s)  A  very 
spreading  form  of  Virginia  Cedar.  Valuable  for  rockwork  or  hillside  planting. 

J.  Virginiana,  var.  Leei  elegantissima.  Golden  Virginia  Cedar.  (Mm) 
The  bright  golden  color  of  the  young  growth  makes  this  an  extremely  attractive 
tree,  and  one  that  holds  its  charm,  as  autumn  and  winter  months  find  the  color 
enriched  to  bronzy  golden  shades.  A  good  grower. 

12 


JUNIPERUS,    continued 

J.  Virginiana,  var.  pendula.  Weeping  Virginia  Cedar.  (Sm)  A  variety 
of  pronounced  weeping  habit ;  the  branches  are  long  and  very  pendulous  at 
the  ends,  giving  the  tree  a  willowy  aspect  not  obtained  by  any  other  evergreen. 

J.  Virginiana,  var.  plumosa  argentea.  (Ss)  A  bushy -growing  sort, 
very  densely  branched  and  foliaged.  Color  bluish  gray  and  green  ;  leaves 
resemble  Retinospora  sguarrosa. 

J.  Virginiana,  var.  Schotti.  Schott's  Cedar.  (Mm)  A  dense  but  good- 
growing  form;  foliage  rich  green. 

J.  Virginiana,  var.  tripartita.  (Ms)  Another  desirable  form  of  Vir- 
giniana. The  foliage  resembles  the  Tamarix  Juniper. 

PICEA.      Spruce 

The  most  largely  planted  class  of  evergreens,  and  thoroughly  satisfactory  in 
any  position,  and  in  any  except  a  wet  soil.  They  make  grand  specimens,  excellent 
wind-breaks  and  exceptionally  good  hedges. 

P.  alba.  White  Spruce.  (Lm)  One  of  the  shapeliest  Spruces  in  culti- 
vation. Foliage  silvery  blue  ;  growth  compact  and  pyramidal.  A  native  tree 
of  great  merit ;  useful  for  mixed  plantings  or  as  specimens. 

P.  alba,  var.  ccerulea.  (Mm)  A  more  open-growing  sort  than  P.  alha; 
foliage  an  attractive  bluish  green. 

P.  Alcockiana.  Alcock's  Spruce.  (Ms)  A  pyramidal  tree,  with  dark 
green  foliage,  glaucous  beneath.  While  quite  young  produces  cones  which 
add  to  its  effectiveness. 

P.  Engelmanni.  Engelmann's  Spruce.  (L  m)  Closely  resembles  P. 
pungens.  Form  pyramidal;  growth  compact;  foliage  bluish,  but  softer  than 
that  of  P.  pungens.  Desirable  for  ornamental  planting. 

P.  excelsa.  Norway  Spruce.  (L  r)  A  well-known  variety  of  great 
hardiness.  Form  pyramidal ;  foliage  dark  green,  feathery  and  graceful.  Val- 
uable for  specimens,  groups  or  hedges.  Stands  close  shearing. 

P.  excelsa,  var.  aurea.  Golden  Norway  Spruce.  (L  m)  A  form  of 
Norway  Spruce  in  which  all  the  foliage  is  tipped  with  golden  yellow.  Par- 
ticularly showy  on  the  new  growth. 

P.  excelsa,  var.  Ellwangeriana.  Ellwanger's  Spruce.  (VD s)  A  very 
dwarf  variety.  Foliage  resembles  P.  excelsa. 

P.  excelsa,  var.  Gregoryana.  Gregory's  Spruce.  (D  s}  A  dense-grow- 
ing tree,  of  conical  form.  Useful  for  evergreen  beds. 

P.  excelsa,  var.  inverta.  Weeping  Norway  Spruce.  (S s}  A  pendulous 
variety.  Foliage  rather  larger  than  that  of  the  species.  Desirable  as  a  novelty 
and  useful  in  many  ornamental  plantings,  owing  to  its  unique  habit. 

P.  excelsa,  var.  Maxwelli.  Maxwell's  Spruce.  (Ds)  A  dense,  spheri- 
cal, regular-growing  variety.  Useful  for  evergreen  beds  and  low  plantings. 

P.  excelsa,  var.  Remonti.  Remont's  Spruce.  (VD s)  A  very  dwarf  va- 
riety. Form  conical  and  compact ;  foliage  dark  green.  Useful  for  evergreen 
beds  and  borders. 

13 


ANDORRA  JVUR}§EiqE3-- 
Chestnutttll,  'Philadelphia 


PICEA,    continued 

P.  nigra.  Black  Spruce.  (L  r)  A  native  variety  of  pyramidal  form,  not 
unlike  P.  excelsa.  Foliage  light  green.  Suitable  for  light,  dry  soil,  and  does 
well  in  the  northern  states. 

P.  orientalis.  Eastern  Spruce.  (L  v)  Perfectly  hardy;  form  pyramidal; 
foliage  dark  green,  much  richer  than  the  Norway  Spruce,  though  resembling  it 
somewhat.  One  of  the  best  evergreens  ;  valuable  for  group  or  specimen 
planting.  Should  be  in  every  collection. 

P.  orientalis,  var.  gracilis.  Graceful  Eastern  Spruce.  (VD  s)  A  variety 
dwarfer  than  Remonti.  Form  conical  and  compact ;  foliage  dark  green  and 
very  small. 

P.  pinsapo.  Spanish  Fir.  (Ms)  One  of  the  most  interesting  of  rare 
conifers.  A  good  grower;  form  pyramidal;  foliage  light  green  ;  leaves  sharp 
and  stiff,  being  set  entirely  around  the  branches. 

P.  pungens.  Colorado  Spruce.  (L  r)  A  noble  tree  from  the  Rocky 
Mountains.  Hardy  in  any  exposure ;  a  good  grower ;  branches  stiff  and 
close  ;  foliage  light  green.  A  valuable  lawn  tree. 

P.  pungens,  var.    glauca.     Blue    Colorado    Spruce.      (L  r)     A   form  of 

P.  pungens  with  the  same  general  character,  but  foliage  of  an  exceedingly  rich 
silvery  blue.  One  of  the  most  valuable  trees  for  ornamental  planting,  giving 
a  very  distinct  color  note  in  any  situation.  (See  plate  on  page  7.) 

P.  pungens,  var.  Kosteriana.  Koster's  Blue  Spruce.  (L  r)  A  form  of 
P.  pungens.  Foliage  steel-blue;  color  quite  uniform,  as  they  have  been  propa- 
gated by  grafting. 

P.  pungens,  var.  glauca  pendula.  Weeping  Blue  Spruce.  (M  v)  A 
tree  of  great  merit,  combining  with  all  the  desirable  features  of  the  Blue 
Spruce  a  distinct  weeping  habit.  Rare  and  interesting. 

• 

PINUS.      Pine 

Included  under  this  genus  are  many  of  our  noblest  forest  and  ornamental 
trees,  suitable  for  all  soils  and  situations ;  they  are,  however,  rather  impatient  of 
stagnant  moisture,  and  generally  succeed  best  on  good,  well-drained  land.  We 
have  been  careful  to  mention  only  those  species  and  varieties  which  are  known  to 
be  perfectly  hardy  in  this  climate.  As  all  our  trees  have  been  frequently  transplanted 
and  are  well  furnished  with  roots,  satisfactory  removal  is  assured. 

P.  Austriaca.  Austrian  Pine.  (L  r)  Rounded  form;  vigorous  growth; 
glossy  dark  green  leaves.  One  of  the  most  important  for  specimen  or  mass 
planting,  and  exceptionally  good  for  windy  exposures  and  as  a  shelter  to  pro- 
tect less  hardy  varieties.  It  is  also  a  good  tree  near  the  seacoast.  (See  plate 
on  page  17.) 

P.  Cembra.  Swiss  Stone  Pine.  (Ss)  A  perfectly  erect  form,  regularly 
branched  from  ground  to  top,  forming  a  handsome  conical  tree.  Long  foliage 
of  silvery  green.  (See  plate  on  page  17.) 

P.  excelsa.  Bhotan  Pine.  (L  r)  A  noble  tree.  In  general  it  resembles 
the  White  Pine,  but  its  longer,  more  silvery  leaves  are  pendulous  and  grace- 
ful. It  is  not  particular  as  to  soil  or  situation,  but  requires  space  for  proper 
development.  Makes  a  grand  specimen. 

14 


PINUS,     continued 

P.  monticola.  Mountain  White  Pine.  (L  m)  A  handsome  tree  of  pyram- 
idal form,  with  slender,  somewhat  pendulous  branches.  The  foliage  is  bluish 
green,  and  the  whole  aspect  of  the  tree  is  that  of  a  slender  White  Pine. 

P.  Mughus.  Dwarf  Mountain  Pine.  (Ds)  A  low,  broad,  spreading 
tree  ;  really  more  of  a  bush.  Foliage  deep  green,  leaves  short,  branches 
dense.  A  valuable  sort  for  rocky  and  hillside  planting.  (See  plate  on  page  18.) 

P.  ponderosa.     Bull    Pine.      (Lr)     Bark   reddish;     foliage    dark    green; 

larger  and  coarser  than  that  of  the  Red  Pine. 

P.  resinosa.  Red  Pine.  (L  r)  A  beautiful  form.  Bark  reddish  brown ; 
growth  dense ;  foliage  long  and  of  a  light  green. 

P.  rigida.  Pitch  Pine.  (Lr)  A  pyramidal  tree  forming  an  open,  irregu- 
lar head.  The  branches  are  spreading,  branchlets  light  brown  and  foliage 
dark  green.  A  good  sort  for  poor  or  thin  soils  and  rocky  slopes. 

P.  Strobus.  White  Pine.  (Lr)  One  of  the  most  stately,  beautiful  and 
valuable  of  our  native  evergreens.  Tall  and  straight,  with  slender  glaucous 
foliage  somewhat  tufted  at  the  ends  of  the  branches.  An  extremely  graceful 
tree.  (See  plate  on  page  18.) 

P.  sylvestris.  Scotch  Pine.  (L  r)  A  luxuriant  grower  in  most  any  soil; 
forming  a  broad  pyramidal  tree  of  dense  growth.  Foliage  of  a  pleasing  bluish 
green.  Good  for  temporary  planting  on  the  seashore. 

P.  Thunbergi.  Japanese  Black  Pine.  (Lm)  A  handsome,  hardy  species 
forming  a  broad,  pyramidal  head.  The  spreading  branches  are  somewhat 
pendulous  and  clothed  with  bright  green  foliage. 

PODOCARPUS.      Yew 

P.  Japonica.  Japanese  Yew.  (Ss)  An  upright,  shrubby  tree  of  luxuriant 
growth,  resembling  the  Irish  Yew,  but  of  more  open  habit  and  larger  foliage, 
which  is  long  and  of  a  shining  dark  green.  A  valuable  variety. 

P.  Koraiana.  Korean  Yew.  (S  s)  A  larger,  more  upright -growing  sort 
than  the  foregoing ;  heavy,  deep  green  foliage. 

PSEUDOTSUGA 

P.  Douglasii.  Douglas'  Spruce.  (L  r)  A  Colorado  tree  of  great  beauty, 
with  soft,  large,  dark  green  foliage,  sometimes  glaucous,  giving  the  tree  a  beau- 
tiful effect. 

RETINOSPORA.      Japan    Cypress 

These  are  all  handsome,  neat-growing  evergreens,  the  several  varieties  assum- 
ing very  distinct  colors  and  habit.  They  are  very  useful  for  decoration  in  winter 
and  for  window  boxes  or  pots.  As  miniature  trees  they  are  unequaled.  The 
exquisite  shadings  of  yellow,  white  and  green,  lasting  all  the  year  round  in  a  group 
of  this  sort,  are  a  constant  source  of  pleasure ;  and  these  lovely  colors  are  particu- 
larly conspicuous  and  agreeable  in  the  winter. 

R.  ericoides.  Heath-like  Japan  Cypress.  (Sf)  Regular,  conical  bush, 
desirable  for  contrast  from  its  violet-red  color  in  winter. 

15 


RETINOSPORA,    continued 

R.  filicoides.  Fern-like  Japan  Cypress.  (Ss)  Bright  green,  pointed 
foliage,  very  dense  and  exquisitely  fern-like. 

R.  filifera.  Thread -branched  Japan  Cypress.  (Mm)  A  tree  of  very 
elegant  appearance,  with  bright  green  foliage.  It  is  pyramidal  in  outline  and 
particularly  graceful  on  account  of  the  ends  of  its  shoots  drooping  in  long  fila- 
ments, some  of  which  are  tessellated. 

R.  filifera,  var.  argentea.  Silver-tipped  Japan  Cypress.  (Ss)  In  this 
form  the  bright  green  foliage  is  mottled  with  creamy  white.  Very  distinct. 

R.  filifera,  var.  aurea.  Golden  Thread-branched  Japan  Cypress.  (Ss) 
A  form  of  R.  filifera,  of  a  bright  golden  color  ;  a  dwarfer  grower.  Valuable. 

R.  filifera,  var.  aurea  variegata.  Golden  Thread -branched  Japan  Cypress. 
(D  s)  A  good  form,  in  which  the  foliage  is  mottled  with  golden  yellow,  and 
shows  in  strong  contrast  to  the  deep  green  foliage. 

R.  leptoclada.  Thuja-like  Japan  Cypress.  (Mm)  Of  compact,  pyram- 
idal form,  with  closely  set,  spreading  branches  and  feathery  branchlets.  Foli- 
age glaucous  green,  silvery  below.  A  beautiful,  ornamental  tree. 

R.  lycopodioides.  Club  Moss  Japan  Cypress.  (S s)  A  unique  specimen. 
Foliage  is  deep  green  and  closely  resembles  lycopodium.  Rare  and  very  fine. 

R.  obtusa.  Obtuse -leaved  Japan  Cypress.  (L  r)  The  strongest  grower 
of  the  family,  and  a  handsome  specimen.  The  color  is  a  clear,  pretty  green  ; 
foliage  fern-like  ;  habit  drooping  and  graceful.  This  form  cannot  be  over- 
valued for  any  ornamental  use. 

R.  obtusa,  var.  compacta.  Compact  Obtuse -leaved  Japan  Cypress. 
(£>  s)  A  very  tidy  grower,  of  bushy  form;  more  compact  than  the  variety 
R.  obtusa  graciln.  Good  in  form,  foliage  and  color.  A  dwarf  grower,  but 
one  of  the  best. 

R.  obtusa,  var.  gracilis.  Graceful  Obtuse-leaved  Japan  Cypress.  (Ds) 
Decidedly  one  of  the  best  bushy  evergreens.  Like  R.  obtusa,  its  foliage  is 
fine,  color  good,  habit  graceful,  but  it  makes  a  compact  bush  and  holds  form 
without  shearing.  Should  be  in  every  collection. 

R.  obtusa,  var.  nana.  Dwarf  Obtuse -leaved  Japan  Cypress.  (VD  s)  The 
dwarfest  of  the  Retinosporas,  but  one  of  the  best  where  a  dwarf  tree  is  desired. 
Of  bushy  growth,  with  very  dense,  short  foliage  of  an  extremely  dark  green. 
A  rich  and  pretty  variety.  This  variety  and  its  golden  form  can  be  used  to 
good  advantage  in  Japanese  pots  or  jardinieres. 

R.  obtusa,  var.  nana  aurea.  Dwarf  Golden  Obtuse -leaved  Japan  Cypress. 
(FD  s)  A  form  of  a  rich  golden  color.  A  deeper  shade  than  almost  any 
golden  evergreen,  both  old  and  new  growth  being  of  a  full  rich  yellow. 

R.  pisifera.  Pea -fruited  Japan  Cypress.  (L  r)  A  more  open  grower 
than  R.  obtusa.  The  form  is  upright,  branches  long  and  somewhat  pendulous 
at  the  ends ;  foliage  light  green,  glaucous  beneath  and  very  feathery.  A  dis- 
tinct and  beautiful  variety. 

R.  pisifera,  var.  aurea.  Golden  Pea -fruited  Japan  Cypress.  (L  r) 
Characteristics  same  as  R.  pisifera,  but  of  a  bright  golden  yellow  color.  The 
new  growth  is  extremely  bright.  A  popular  sort. 

16 


No.  i,  Pinus  Cembra.     No.  2,  Pinus  Austriaca.     See  page   14. 


No.  i,  Pinus  Mughus.     See  page   15.      No.  2,  Pinus  Strobus.     See  page  15. 


RETINOSPORA,    continued 

R.  plumosa.  Plume-like  Japan  Cypress.  (Lm)  One  of  the  best 
known  and  most  widely  planted  of  the  species.  A  medium  grower  ;  heavily 
branched  ;  foliage  light  green,  glaucous  beneath.  Stands  shearing  well,  and 
is  useful  for  bedding,  specimens  or  hedges. 

R.  plumosa,  var.  albo-spica.  Silver-mottled  Japan  Cypress.  (Mm) 
In  form  and  growth  like  R.  plumosa,  but  foliage  is  marked  with  creamy-white. 

R.  plumosa,  var.  argentea.  Silver-tipped  Japan  Cypress.  (Mm) 
Ends  of  all  branches  are  silver-tipped.  A  variety  of  merit. 

R.  plumosa,  var.  aurea.  Golden  Japan  Cypress.  (Lm)  A  golden  form, 
in  which  the  color  of  new  growth  contrasts  strongly  with  the  deeper  shade  of 
the  older  foliage.  As  a  specimen,  for  bedding  or  for  dwarf  hedges,  it  is  most 
desirable. 

R.  squarrosa.  Squarrose- leaved  Japan  Cypress.  (Mm)  One  of  the 
choicest  lawn  trees  ;  of  dense  growth  ;  the  silvery  blue  foliage  is  arranged  in 
spirals  and  is  soft  and  beautiful.  The  whole  plant  is  extremely  graceful. 

SCIADOPITYS 

S.  verticillata.  Umbrella  Pine.  (Lm)  Very  slow  growth  while  young, 
eventually  large  size;  dark  green,  shining  foliage  arranged  in  whorls  of 
umbrella-like  tufts  on  horizontal  branches.  Perhaps  the  most  remarkable  and 
beautiful  conifer  brought  from  Japan. 

TAXUS.      Yew 

These  are  choice,  hardy,  dwarf,  and  mostly  bushy-growing  evergreens ;  very 
useful  in  connection  with  formal  architectural  work  and  formal  gardens.  They  arc 
also  well  adapted  for  planting  in  evergreen  beds  around  buildings.  The  foliage  of 
all  the  varieties  is  very  attractive,  and  they  thrive  well  in  almost  any  soil. 

T.  baccata.  English  Yew.  (Sm)  A  dense  -  growing  tree,  thickly 
branched  ;  with  dark  green  foliage  and  bright  scarlet  berries.  It  stands  shear- 
ing readily,  and,  though  not  perfectly  hardy  in  the  North,  is  a  useful  and 
desirable  tree. 

T.  baccata,  var.  adpressa.  (D  v)  A  low,  spreading,  densely  branched 
form,  with  dark  glossy  green  foliage. 

T.  baccata,  var.  aurea.  Golden  English  Yew.  (Ss)  A  form  with  rich 
golden  foliage. 

T.  baccata,  var.  elegantissima.  Elegant  English  Yew.  (Sm)  A  rich 
colored  form  of  T.  baccata.  Foliage  is  light  yellow,  darkening  in  the  fall 
months.  Very  effective. 

T.  baccata,  var.  erecta.  Erect  English  Yew.  (Sm)  An  upright  form 
of  T.  baccata,  of  stiffer  growth  and  smaller  foliage.  Useful  in  many  situations 
where  7".  baccata  is  too  spreading. 

T.  baccata,  var.  erecta  aurea.  Erect  Golden  English  Yew.  (Sm)  A 
form  of  T.  baccata  erecta  whose  foliage  is  of  a  bright  golden  color.  A  good 
grower. 

19 


TAXUS,    continued 

T.  baccata,  var.  fastigiata.  Irish  Yew.  (Ss)  One  of  the  most  useful  of 
slow-growing  evergreens.  Of  very  close,  upright  growth  ;  foliage  long,  black- 
ish green  and  glossy  ;  berries  red.  Invaluable  for  any  collection. 

T.  baccata,  var.  fastigiata  aurea.  Golden  Irish  Yew.  (S s)  Similar  to 
the  foregoing  in  habit,  but  the  leaves  are  margined  with  rich  golden  yellow. 

T.  baccata,  var.  fruticosa  lutea.  Yellow -fruited  English  Yew.  (Sm) 
Similar  to  T.  baccata  in  form  and  foliage,  but  with  yellow  berries. 

T.  baccata,  var.  repandens.  Spreading  English  Yew.  (Ds)  A  form  of 
low,  spreading  habit,  rarely  growing  over  4  feet  high.  The  dark  green  foliage 
is  long  and  luxuriant.  Extra  hardy. 

T.  baccata,  var.  Washington!  aurea.  Washington  Golden  Yew.  (Ds} 
A  strong-growing,  dense,  bushy  sort ;  foliage  golden  yellow. 

T.  Canadensis.  Canadian  Yew.  (D  v)  A  broad -spreading  Yew,  of 
bushy  form,  with  brown  bark,  pretty  dark  green  foliage,  sometimes  bronzing 
in  winter,  and  carries  showy  deep  crimson  berries.  Extra  hardy.  Valuable 
where  a  dwarf  form  is  needed,  and  will  thrive  in  damp  situations. 

T.  Canadensis,  var.  aurea.  Golden  Canadian  Yew.  (D  v)  A  form 
of  T.  Canadensis  with  golden  foliage. 

T.  cuspidata.  Abrupt -leaved  Japan  Yew.  (S  m)  A  dense -growing 
tree  of  somewhat  upright  form.  Foliage  deep  green.  Extra  hardy  and 
desirable. 

T.  cuspidata,  var.  elegantissima.  Golden,  Elegant,  Abrupt -leaved 
Japan  Yew.  (S  m)  A  variety  with  good  foliage  of  deep  golden  yellow. 

THUJOPSIS.      Cypress 

These  are  beautiful  ornamental  trees,  thickly  foliaged  and  of  great  ornamental 
value.  Their  absolute  hardiness  and  the  ease  with  which  they  can  be  transplanted 
make  them  very  desirable. 

T.  borealis ;  syn.,  Cupressus  Nutkaensis.  Yellow,  or  Sitka  Cypress. 
(L  r)  A  vigorous,  erect  grower,  regularly  furnished  with  spreading,  curved 
branches  and  flexible  branchlets  which  droop  at  the  tips.  Foliage  a  silvery 
glaucous  green.  Makes  a  splendid  specimen. 

T.  borealis,  var.  latifolia  glauca.  Glaucous  Sitka  Cypress.  (L  r)  Of 
more  pyramidal  growth  and  brighter  foliage ;  magnificent  as  a  specimen. 

T.  borealis,  var.  pendula.  Drooping  Sitka  Cypress.  (M  v)  A  form  of 
somewhat  more  pendulous  habit  than  the  type. 

T.  dolobrata.  (Mv)  A  pyramidal  grower;  branches  somewhat  pendu- 
lous at  the  ends  and  branchlets  irregularly  whorled  or  scattered  ;  flattened 
foliage  of  glossy  green  above  and  marked  by  glaucous  band  beneath. 

T.  dolobrata  argentea  variegata.  (Ss)  A  form  of  the  above  in  which 
the  foliage  is  variegated  with  white. 

T.  Standishi.  Standish's  Sitka  Cypress.  (Ms)  A  pyramidal  grower; 
branches  rather  more  pendulous  than  T.  dolobrata;  foliage  less  glaucous  be- 
neath and  a  light  green  above.  A  good  variety. 

20 


THUYA.      Arborvitse 

One  of  the  most  useful  of  all  evergreens,  and  very  widely  planted.  The 
forms  differ  in  habit  of  growth  and  color  of  foliage,  but  they  are  equally  good 
growers,  transplant  well  and  thrive  in  most  soils.  In  addition  to  this  they  are 
extremely  hardy.  As  a  class  they  cannot  be  too  highly  recommended. 

T.  occidentalis.  American  Arborvitae.  (Mr)  Our  well-known  native 
cedar  ;  pyramidal  growth,  thick  foliage  ;  a  useful  sort  for  specimens,  and,  as  it 
permits  severe  pruning,  makes  an  excellent  hedge.  Extremely  hardy,  trans- 
plants easily,  and  will  grow  in  wet  soils. 

T.  occidentalis,  var.  aurea.  George  Peabody's  Arborvitae.  (Mr) 
Similar  inform  to  T.  occidentalis;  foliage  of  a  clear,  lasting  golden  yellow. 
One  of  the  best  golden  evergreens. 

T.  occidentalis,  var.  compacta.  Compact  Arborvitae.  (FD  s)  A  dense- 
growing,  globular  form  ;  foliage  light  grayish  green. 

T.  occidentalis,  var.  ericoides.  Heath-leaved  Arborvitae.  (D s)  A 
bushy  form  with  soft,  small  grayish  green  foliage,  much  resembling  Retinospora 
ericoides.  Distinct  from  other  Arborvitaes. 

T.  occidentalis,  var.  filifolia.  Fern-like  Arborvitae.  (Mm)  A  form 
with  crested  foliage. 

T.  occidentalis,  var.  globosa.  Globe  Arborvitae.  (FD s)  A  globe- 
shaped  sort ;  good  light  green  foliage. 

T.  occidentalis,  var.  Hoveyi.  Hovey's  Golden  Arborvitae.  (D  s)  A 
dense,  conical  bush  with  light,  golden  green  foliage. 

T.  occidentalis,  var.  Little  Gem.  Douglas'  Arborvitae.  (FD  s)  A  very 
dense-growing  variety,  globe-shaped.  Foliage  a  beautiful  dark  green. 

T.  occidentalis,  var.  Lobbi.  Lobb's  Arborvitae.  (M  v)  One  of  the 
most  distinct  of  American  evergreens.  The  foliage  is  of  a  rich  bright  glossy 
green  color,  which  is  retained  throughout  the  year.  The  habit  of  the  tree  is 
graceful  and  elegant. 

T.  occidentalis,  var.  pyramidalis.  Pyramidal  Arborvitae.  (Mr)  The 
most  fastigiate  of  Arborvitaes.  A  compact  grower,  with  dense  branches  and 
thick,  dark  green  foliage.  A  rich  and  unusually  attractive  variety ;  very  useful 
where  columnar  effects  are  desired. 

T.  occidentalis,  var.  Queen  Victoria.  Silver-tipped  Arborvitae.  (Mm) 
A  tall,  pyramidal  grower.  The  edges  of  the  foliage  are  tipped  with  white. 

T.  occidentalis,  var.  Sibirica.     See  Wareana. 

T.  occidentalis,  var.  Tom  Thumb.  (FD s)  A  variety  of  remarkably 
slow,  compact  growth  and  symmetrical  habit. 

T.  occidentalis  Vervaeneana.  Vervaene's  Arborvitae.  (Sm)  Of  smaller, 
denser  habit  than  the  type.  Branchlets  slender,  with  handsome  foliage  varie- 
gated with  yellow,  in  winter  sometimes  bronze. 

T.  occidentalis  Wareana.  Siberian  Arborvitae.  (M  v)  A  pyramidal 
tree,  lower  and  denser  than  the  type,  with  stouter  branchlets ;  heavy  foliage  of 
bright  grayish  green.  Extremely  hardy  and  useful. 

21 


TSUGA.      Hemlock 

Of  all  evergreen  species  none  surpass  the  Hemlocks.  Their  absolute  hardi- 
ness, rapidity  of  growth,  good  transplanting  qualities,  together  with  their  beautiful 
forms  and  fine  foliage,  have  made  them  general  favorites  in  all  sections. 

T.  Canadensis.  Hemlock.  (L  r)  One  of  our  finest  native  evergreens,  so 
well  known  as  to  need  little  description.  Form  pyramidal ;  branches  some- 
what pendulous  and  delicate ;  the  dark  green  foliage  light,  yet  tufted.  Valu- 
able for  specimens,  mass  planting  and  hedges. 

T.  Canadensis,  var.  gracilis.  Graceful  Hemlock.  (S s)  A  slender  form 
of  Hemlock,  with  much  smaller  foliage  than  T.  Canadensis. 

T.  Canadensis,  var.  Sargenti  pendula.  Weeping  Hemlock.  (Ss)  A 
beautiful  variety  of  distinct  weeping  habit,  making  a  low,  broad  specimen. 
Very  desirable. 

T.  Caroliniana.  Southern  Hemlock.  (L  r)  Of  distinct  pyramidal  growth, 
with  dense,  dark  green  foliage. 

T.  Hookeriana.  Alpine  Hemlock.  (Mm)  A  beautiful  variety,  native 
of  the  northwest.  Form  conical ;  branches  long,  somewhat  pendulous  ;  foli- 
age dense,  of  a  rich  bluish  green,  that  of  some  specimens  coloring  as  well  as 
that  of  the  Blue  Spruce.  A  valuable  addition  to  ornamental  evergreens. 
(See  plate  on  page  23.) 

MEMORANDA 


22 


T?uga  Hookeriana.     See  page  22. 

This  specimen  was  sent  out  from   Andorra  in   1892;    photographed  in   1902. 


Spray  of  Leucothoe  Catesbaei.     See  page  28. 


Azalea  amoena.      See  page  25. 


THESE  are  dwarf  flowering  and   foliage  plants  which  hold  their  foliage  all 
the   year.      They   are   indispensable  for   garden   and    lawn   planting,   and 
useful  for  massing  about  buildings  or  planting  on  rocky  and  hilly  slopes.     While 
some  are  desirable  only  because  of  their  evergreen  foliage,  the  class  as  a  whole 
includes  many  of  the  finest  flowering  shrubs. 

ANDROMEDAS 

Useful  plants  for  bordering  groups  of  larger  evergreens. 
A.  Catesbaei.     See  Leucothoe  Catesbai. 

A.  floribunda.       One  of    the   best    evergreen  shrubs.       Dwarf,   compact 

habit ;  small,  dark  green,  myrtle-like  foliage,  and  pure  white,  wax-like  blossoms 
in  spikes,  somewhat  resembling  the  lily-of-the-valley.     Flowers  early  in  spring. 

A.  Japonica.  Very  rich,  smooth  foliage,  and  drooping  racemes  of  pure 
white  blossoms  of  great  beauty.  A  superb  species,  of  great  hardiness. 

AZALEA 

A.  amcena.  This  well-known  favorite  is  of  dwarf,  bushy  habit,  and 
thoroughly  hardy.  It  is  so  densely  covered  during  the  month  of  May  with 
claret-colored  flowers  as  to  hide  every  twig,  the  color  varying  in  depth,  but 
always  bright.  Most  useful  as  an  edging  to  Rhododendron  and  Azalea  beds. 
(See  plate  on  page  24.) 

A.  Indica   alba.     Hardy   Chinese   White.      A    beautiful   white    variety. 

Hardy  when  properly  acclimated  ;  foliage  light  green  and  flowers  pure  white. 
Our  stock  has  been  grown  here  in  the  open  ground,  without  protection. 

BUXUS.      Boxwood 

A  necessary  adjunct  to  any  old-fashioned  or  formal  garden,  and  for  use  in 
connection  with  colonial  and  formal  architectural  work  they  are  extremely  effective. 
We  offer  a  splendid  stock  of  several  thousand  in  bush,  pyramidal  and  standard 
forms.  These  are  perfectly  hardy,  and  can  be  kept  in  their  formal  shapes  with 
very  little  care,  or  left  to  grow  in  their  naturally  loose  and  open  habit. 

Our  Box  bushes  have  been  grown  here  at  our  nurseries  for  several  years  and  have 
been  frequently  and  lately  transplanted ;  therefore  they  will  lift  with  a  large  ball 
of  roots  and  earth  and  transplant  with  perfect  safety.  They  can  be  shipped  at  any 
time  to  any  distance  by  freight.  We  ask  you  to  notice  the  heavily  rooted  plant 
illustrated  on  page  2Q,  which  was  lifted  at  random  from  our  stock. 

We  supply  the  Box  bush  direct  from  the  open  ground,  but  can  furnish  Terra- 
Cotta  Italian  pots  or  cedar  tubs  when  desired,  and  shall  be  pleased  to  give  full 
information  regarding  them.  (See  illustrations  on  page  29.) 

B.  Japonica;  syn.,  Fortune!.     A  form  with  obovate  or  roundish  obovate 

foliage  of  light  green. 

25 


BUXUS,    continued 

B.  Japonica,  var.  argentea.  Silver  Japanese  Box.  Resembling  B.  Japonica 
in  form,  but  foliage  variegated  with  white. 

B.  Japonica,  var.  aurea.  Golden  Japanese  Box.  A  compact,  globular 
plant ;  foliage  very  dense  ;  leaves  large  and  rather  round  ;  color  of  young 
growth  bright  yellow,  which  is  held  until  late  in  the  fall. 

B.  Japonica,  var.  microphylla.  Small -leaved  Box.  A  prostrate  form, 
with  small  foliage  of  darker  green  than  <B.  Japonica. 

B.  Japonica,  var.  rotundifolia.  Round -Leaf  Japanese  Box.  Of  com- 
pact, globular  growth ;  foliage  round,  color  light  green,  that  of  the  new  growth 
being  several  shades  lighter  than  the  mature  leaves. 

B.  sempervirens.  Common  Tree  Box.  Ornamental  evergreen  shrubs, 
of  rather  slow  growth,  with  small  shining  foliage.  They  stand  pruning  and 
thrive  in  any  well-drained  soil.  We  keep  these  in  different  forms — BUSH, 
STANDARD  and  PYRAMID,  as  shown  in  plate,  page  29.  The  heavily  rooted 
Standard  shows  how  they  lift  from  the  open  ground.  The  Bush  and  Pyramid 
forms  are  shown  in  Italian  Terra-Cotta  pots. 

B.  sempervirens,  var.  arborescens.  Tall  Tree  Box.  Of  more  rapid 
growth  than  (E.  sempervirens,  and  of  loose,  open  form  ;  desirable  where  Box 
does  not  need  hard  pruning,  as  its  long  branches  assume  a  somewhat  drooping 
habit. 

B.  sempervirens,  var.  argentea  marginata.  A  form  of  which  the  foliage 
is  edged  with  white. 

B.  sempervirens,  var.  decussata.  A  more  open  and  upright  form,  and 
with  larger  foliage  than  CB.  sempervirens. 

B.  sempervirens,  var.  Handsworthi.  A  dense-growing  form,  with  large, 
dark  foliage.  One  of  the  best. 

B.  sempervirens,  var.  myrtifolia.  Myrtle -leaved  Box.  A  close -growing 
form,  with  narrow,  oblong  and  very  dark  green  leaves. 

B.  sempervirens,  var.  salicifolia.    A  form  with  narrow  leaves  of  dark  green. 

B.  sempervirens,  var.    suffruticosa   (var.   nana).       Dwarf  Box.     The 

well-known  dwarf  form  used  so  extensively  for  Box   borders.     A  very  slow 
grower. 

COTONEASTER 

Beautiful,  useful  shrubs  of  low  growth,  with  excellent  foliage  and  showy  red 
fruits  which  remain  on  the  branches  all  winter.  They  grow  well  in  a  sunny  posi- 
tion and  in  any  ordinary  well-drained  soil,  but  do  not  succeed  in  wet  or  deeply 
shaded  places. 

C.  buxifolia.     Box-leaved.     (Dm)     A  low  shrub  similar  to  C.  micropbyl/a, 

but  with  broader  foliage,  somewhat  pubescent  above.     Bright  red  fruit. 

C.  horizontalis.  (VD  m)  A  low  shrub  with  almost  horizontal  branches 
and  oval,  glaucous  leaves.  Bright  red  fruit. 

C.  microphylla.  Small-leaved.  (Dm)  A  prostrate,  densely  branched 
shrub,  with  shining  green  leaves  and  bright  red  fruit. 

26 


CRAT^EGUS.      Thorn 

C.  Pyracantha.  Evergreen  Thorn.  Though  sometimes  attaining  good 
height,  this  is  really  in  the  shrub  class,  and  it  is  a  most  desirable,  though 
greatly  neglected,  ornamental  Thorn.  A  dense  grower,  with  sturdy  branchlets 
armed  with  stout  thorns.  The  deep  shining  green  foliage  is  highly  attractive 
and  is  retained  throughout  the  year,  but  its  beauty  is  greatly  enhanced  by 
the  brilliant  scarlet  berries,  each  as  large  as  a  pea,  and  produced  in  cymes 
which  last  until  spring.  We  recommend  this  strongly  as  a  specimen,  for  bed- 
ding, winter  forcing,  and  for  hedges. 

C.  Pyracantha,  var.  Lelandi.     Leland's  Evergreen  Thorn.     Evergreen  and 

similar  in  growth  to  C.  pyracantha,  but  the  cymes  of  berries  are  larger  and  the 
fruit  a  beautiful  orange-red. 

DAPHNE 

D.  Cneorum.     Garland  Flower.     A  spreading  and  somewhat  trailing  shrub. 

Foliage  dark  green  above,  glaucous  beneath.  In  April  and  May  it  produces 
pretty,  pink,  sweet-scented  flowers,  sometimes  continuing  throughout  the 
summer. 

EUONYMUS 

E.  Japonica.     Japanese  Euonymus.     A  half-hardy  evergreen  of  close,  com- 

pact growth  and  heavy  dark  green  foliage.  Desirable  for  window-boxes  or 
for  pot  decoration. 

E.  Japonica,  var.  argentea.  Silvery  Euonymus.  A  good -growing  sort,  of 
which  the  margins  of  the  leaves  are  marked  with  a  band  of  creamy  white. 

E.  Japonica,  var.  aurea.  Golden  Euonymus.  Not  quite  as  strong  a 
grower  as  E.  Japonica,  but  of  a  good  golden  color. 

E.  Japonica,  var.  aurea  variegata.  Golden  Variegated  Euonymus.  Pos- 
sibly the  hardiest  of  this  family.  A  good,  close  grower  and  exceptionally  attrac- 
tive, as  the  dark  green  foliage  is  margined  with  a  band  of  deep  golden  yellow. 

E.  radicans.     See  Trailing  Plants. 
E.  radicans,  var.     See  Trailing  Plants. 

ILEX.      Holly 

I.  aquifolium.  Common  English  Holly.  In  cultivation  in  this  country  it 
rarely  exceeds  a  shrub  in  size.  It  forms  a  pyramidal  head ;  the  glossy  green 
foliage  is  waved  with  strong  spiny  teeth. 

I.  crenata.  Japanese  Holly.  Few  of  Japan's  introductions  are  so  valuable 
and  so  little  known ;  for  though  not  of  recent  introduction,  it  was  not  widely 
used  until  brought  forward  by  us.  The  plant  is  a  loose,  rapid  grower  of 
the  hardiest  sort,  standing  any  exposure  and  any  but  a  wet  soil.  It  transplants 
easily,  and  the  large,  deep  dark  green,  glossy  foliage,  with  which  its  branches 
are  densely  clothed,  makes  it  the  richest  foliaged  shrub  now  offered.  The 
berries,  inky  black,  are  borne  in  quantities.  (See  engraving  on  title-page.) 

I.  crenata,  var.  latifolia.  Broad-Leaved  Japan  Holly.  Of  more  upright 
growth  than  the  type  ;  foliage  more  oblong  and  glossy  green. 

27 


ILEX,    continued 

I.  crenata,  var.  microphylla.  Small -leaved  Japan  Holly.  This  is  the 
form  that  has  been  most  widely  disseminated  under  the  name  of  /.  crenata,  but 
it  is  of  a  denser  form  and  more  rapid  growth.  The  foliage  is  much  smaller, 
oblong,  lanceolate  and  crenated.  It  makes  a  beautiful  hedge,  as  it  stands  shearing 
as  well  as  the  Box  bush.  We  have  specimens  up  to  7  feet  in  height,  and  though 
we  have  watched  it  closely  since  1892  we  have  never  seen  the  foliage  dis- 
colored. A  rare  and  beautiful  sort,  which  we  highly  recommend. 

KALMIA.      Laurel 

K.  latifolia.  Mountain  Laurel.  Early  visitors  to  our  mountain  resorts 
will  remember  with  great  pleasure  the  beautiful  Mountain  Laurel  seen  in  pro- 
fusion during  June.  The  dainty  rose-pink  buds  and  cream-white  flowers, 
dashed  with  pink  when  in  full  bloom,  contrast  distinctly  with  the  dark,  glossy 
green  of  its  evergreen  foliage.  This  plant  ranks  in  beauty  with  the  native 
rhododendron,  and  with  it  forms  a  class  that  is  distinctively  American  and  of 
the  utmost  value.  Many  an  American  citizen  has  learned  to  prize  the  native 
"common"  Laurel  only  after  seeing  how  it  is  prized  in  the  great  European 
gardens,  where  its  value  is  fully  understood.  Transplants  and  thrives  well 
when  nursery-grown.  Our  great  planting  of  the  Laurel  in  the  open  fields  at 
Andorra  always  excites  enthusiasm  when  covered  with  beautiful  bloom  in 
June.  (See  plate  on  page  35.) 

LEUCOTHOE 

L.  Catesbaei;  syn.,  Andromeda  Catesbaei.  Drooping  Andromeda.  One 
of  the  best  shade-enduring  plants,  and  very  useful  for  massing  as  an  under- 
growth. It  is  a  hardy  evergreen  shrub,  which  grows  in  sprays  from  2  to  4 
feet  long,  close  to  the  ground.  It  has  long-pointed  leaves  of  bronze-green, 
which  color  beautifully  during  the  winter  months.  In  spring  it  bears  small 
white,  wax-like  flowers,  delicate  and  very  fragrant.  (See  plate  on  page  24.) 

LONICERA    FRAGRANTISSIM  A.     See  Deciduous  Shrubs 

MAHONIA 

M.  aquifolia.  Holly-leaved  Mahonia.  A  native  species  of  medium  size, 
with  shining,  prickly  leaves  and  showy,  bright  yellow  flowers  in  May,  succeeded 
by  bluish  berries.  Its  handsome  deep  bronze-green  glossy  foliage  and  neat 
habit  render  it  very  popular  for  decorative  planting.  It  is  very  distinct  and 
pleasing  in  appearance. 

M.  Japonica.  Japanese  Mahonia.  A  strong  grower,  with  larger  leaves 
than  M.  aquifolia;  the  foliage  is  a  bright  green,  does  not  bronze  in  winter,  and 
the  yellow  flowers  in  May  are  attractive. 

OSMANTHUS 

M.  ilicifolia.  Holly-like  Osmanthus.  A  compact,  dense  shrub,  with  short, 
stout  branches.  The  leaves  are  oblong-ovate,  stiff  and  spiny  ;  the  color  a  deep 
shining  green.  Does  best  in  shaded  or  partially  protected  positions,  and  thrives 
in  a  light  soil. 

28 


Buxus  sempervirens  (Box  Bush);   photographed  at  Andorra.     See  pages  25  and  26. 


Flowers  of 
Rhododendron 
Carawbiense 
Hybrids. 


Rhododendron  maximum  growing  wild.      See  page  32. 


RHODODENDRONS 

The  glory  of  every  place  possessing  Rhododendrons  is  their  superb  bloom  in 
the  latter  part  of  May  and  early  June.  The  magnificent  coloring  and  huge  clusters 
of  flowers  in  so  many  shades  of  pink,  violet,  rose,  purple  and  delicate  creamy  white 
give  them  the  first  place  among  evergreen  shrubs.  The  principal  feature  of  every 
fine  place  in  England  is  a  collection  of  these  plants.  Surely  we  Americans  ought 
to  appreciate  and  prize  them  even  more,  when  our  mountain  ravines  and  brook- 
sides  are  transformed  into  fairyland  every  summer  by  the  bloom  of  our  native  Rho- 
dodendrons, growing  and  flowering  in  such  masses,  and  which  can  be  reproduced  on 
private  grounds.  Their  beautiful  foliage  is  also  most  effective  in  the  dull  winter 
months,  when  its  glossy  green  adds  beauty  to  otherwise  bare  shrubbery. 

The  great  decorative  value  of  Rhododendrons  is  now  fully  recognized,  and 
every  year  increases  their  popularity.  This  has  been  much  hindered  by  the  fact 
that  so  many  of  the  most  strikingly  brilliant  colors  were  not  hardy  in  our  climate, 
the  heat  and  dryness  of  the  summer  and  extreme  cold  of  the  winter  usually  proving 
fatal  to  them.  But  during  the  last  ten  years  we  have  expended  much  time  and 
money  in  selecting  a  few  varieties  that  will  combine  hardiness  and  brilliancy  of 
color ;  and  the  results  have  been  so  satisfactory  that  now  we  have  several  exquisite 
colors  in  our  collection,  which  a  short  time  ago  would  have  been  impossible  in  this 
climate.  Our  plants  are  fully  acclimated  now,  as  they  have  stood  the  severest 
winters  in  our  Nurseries.  Of  these  hardy  varieties  the  finest  are  the  Hybrids  of 
Catawbiense,  and  from  these  our  stock  is  especially  selected. 

CULTURAL  DIRECTIONS.— In  choosing  a  location  for  a  bed  of  Rhododen- 
drons, care  should  be  taken  to  select  a  place  sheltered  from  the  force  of  prevailing 
winds.  The  earth  should  be  dug  out  of  the  bed  to  the  depth  of  2/4.  feet,  care 
being  taken  to  lay  aside  the  top  soil  and  remove  all  clay.  Procure,  if  possible,  good 
surface  soil  from  some  old  pasture  ;  add  this  to  the  soil  laid  aside ;  mix  thoroughly, 
and  with  this  fill  in  the  excavation.  After  the  planting  is  done,  cover  the  surface 
of  the  ground  with  well-rotted  cow  manure  to  the  depth  of  3  or  4  inches.  This 
not  only  enriches  the  soil,  but  aids  very  much  in  keeping  the  earth  damp  during  hot 
weather.  This  mulching  should  be  dug  into  the  bed  every  spring,  using  a  garden 
fork,  so  as  not  to  injure  the  fibrous  roots  of  the  plants,  and  renewed  every  season 
about  the  middle  of  July.  The  first  year  Rhododendrons  are  planted  they  should 
be  liberally  watered,  in  the  event  of  a  dry  spell  of  weather.  Plant  in  the  spring  or 
early  fall,  and  in  the  late  autumn  a  covering  of  leaves  10  to  12  inches  deep  is  a  good 
protection  and  very  beneficial.  While  Rhododendrons  are  most  effective  in  masses, 
they  should  not  be  crowded,  as  each  one,  if  given  space,  will  form  a  shapely  plant ; 
so,  if  the  bed  becomes  crowded,  it  is  best  to  transplant  some  of  them,  as  they  lift 
very  easily  and  with  perfect  safety,  even  when  large. 

We  take  great  pleasure  in  inviting  all  admirers  of  Rhododendrons  to  visit  our 
Nurseries  during  the  latter  part  of  May  and  very  early  days  of  June,  when  our  fine 
collection  of  over  five  thousand  plants  is  in  the  beauty  of  full  bloom.  Selections 
may  be  made  more  intelligently  when  the  plants  themselves  are  before  one. 

Rhododendron  Catawbiense.  One  of  our  most  beautiful  native  varieties, 
indigenous  from  New  England  to  the  Southern  Alleghanies.  Leaves  oval  and 
oblong,  of  a  dark  glossy  green.  The  flowers,  produced  in  early  June,  are  lilac- 
purple,  in  large  and  impressive  heads.  This  fine  American  evergreen  shrub 
is  one  of  the  best  of  all  Rhododendrons,  and  perfectly  hardy.  It  is  the  con- 
trolling parent  of  numerous  fine  hybrid  forms,  worked  out  by  skilful  Euro- 
pean growers,  a  selection  of  which  we  present  on  the  following  page.  (See 
plate  on  page  30.) 

R.  Catawbiense,  var.  alba.     A  form  with  bluish  white  flowers. 

31 


Chestnut 


R£A  JVUJZg 
utffill,  ^Philad 


RHODODENDRON    CATAWBIENSE    HYBRIDS 
We  recommend  the  following  varieties,  which  have  proved  satisfactory  with  us. 


Abraham  Lincoln.  Rosy  crimson. 
Good  form  and  foliage. 

Album  elegans.  White.  A  tall 
grower,  with  a  fine  truss. 

Album  grandiflora.  White.  A 
tall  grower ;  not  as  hardy  here  as 
Album  elegans. 

Atrosanguineum.  Dark  scarlet. 
Good  foliage  and  a  good  grower. 

Blandyanum.  Rosy  crimson.  Fine 
form,  excellent  foliage ;  a  beautiful 
and  abundant  bloomer. 

Caractacus.  Purplish  crimson. 
Good  foliage  and  a  good  grower. 

Chas.  Bagley.  Bright  red.  Good 
foliage  and  habit. 

Chas.  Dickens.  Scarlet.  A  very 
good  sort,  with  excellent  foliage. 

Delicatissimum.  White.  Clear 
white,  delicately  tinted  with  pink  ; 
very  glossy  foliage  and  a  good  grower. 

Duchess  of  Bedford.  Crimson. 
A  grand  truss  ;  flowers  have  a  light 
center. 

Everestianum.  Rosy  lilac.  The 
truss  large  ;  an  abundant  bloomer  ; 
foliage  exceptionally  good ;  growth 
close  and  compact. 

Flushing.  Rosy  scarlet.  One  of 
the  brightest  ;  a  good  grower. 

Frederick  Waterer.  Crimson. 
Intense  fiery  color,  large  bloom,  fine 
truss  and  beautiful  foliage. 

General      Grant.        Rosy     scarlet. 


Gloriosum.  White.  A  large  bold 
flower  and  good  foliage. 

H.  W.  Sargent.  Crimson.  Habit, 
foliage  and  color  are  good. 

J.Marshall  Brooks.  Scarlet. 
Scarlet,  with  bronze  eye.  A  deep 
color  ;  good  foliage. 

John  Walter.  Rich  crimson.  Fine 
form  and  very  fine  habit. 

Lady  Armstrong.  Pale  rose.  One 
of  the  best. 

Lady  Grey  Edgerton.  White. 
White  with  silvery  blush ;  splendid 
truss  and  foliage. 

Michael  Waterer.  Scarlet -crim- 
son. A  good  bright  color,  and  of 
extra  fine  form  and  habit. 

Minnie.  White.  Bluish  white, 
with  large  blotch  of  orange  spots  ; 
very  fine. 

Mrs.  John  Glutton.  White.  Fine 
clear  white  ;  good  form. 

Mrs.  Milner.  Crimson.  Habit 
and  foliage  are  equally  fine. 

Pictum.  White.  Clear  white, 
with  cluster  of  orange  spots. 

Purpureum  elegans.  Purple.  One 
of  the  best  of  this  color. 

Roseum  elegans.  Good  rose. 
Grand  habit  and  foliage,  while  the 
flower  is  all  one  can  desire.  This  is 
the  best  of  all  Rhododendrons. 

Sefton.  Dark  maroon.  A  good 
grower,  with  excellent  foliage.  In  all 
respects  one  of  the  best,  but  very 
scarce. 


Good  habit  and  foliage. 

Rhododendron  maximum.  Great  Laurel.  A  strong  grower,  and  one  of 
the  hardiest  of  the  species.  Foliage  glossy  green,  of  deeper  color  when  planted 
in  a  shaded  position ;  large  oblong  leaves.  Flowers  rosy  white  to  white,  are 
produced  in  late  June  and  July.  We  handle  thousands  of  this  variety,  both 
nursery-grown  and  large  collected  plants,  which  are  supplied  by  the  car-load. 

R.  ponticum,  var.  multiflpra.  Many  -  flowered.  A  dwarf,  dense  form, 
with  small,  myrtle-like  foliage  and  small,  attractive  flowers. 

R.  ponticum,  var.  myrtifolium.  Myrtle  -  leaved.  A  dwarf,  dense  form, 
with  small,  myrtle-like  foliage  and  small,  attractive  flowers. 

32 


RHODODENDRONS,     continued 

R.  ponticum,  var.  odoratum.  Fragrant.  A  dwarf,  dense  grower,  with 
good  dark  green  foliage,  producing  quantities  of  small,  sweet-scented  flowers. 

R.  punctatum.  Dotted.  A  shrub  with  slender,  spreading  or  recurving 
branches  ;  foliage  glabrous  ;  flowers  rosy  colored  and  spotted.  The  earliest  of 
all  the  Rhododendrons. 

R.  undulatum.  Of  dwarf,  compact  growth,  with  curiously  curled,  light 
green  foliage. 

YUCCA 

Y.  filamentosa.  Adam's  Needle.  An  evergreen  shrub  with  long,  spiny- 
pointed  leaves,  producing  in  midsummer  an  immense  panicle  4.  to  6  feet  in 
height,  of  large,  ivory  white  flowers.  Beautiful  and  useful  in  shrubbery  beds 
and  borders,  or  for  dry  sandy  positions  where  little  else  will  thrive. 

Y.  filamentosa,  var.  glaucescens  variegata.  Variegated  Yucca.  A  form 
with  more  glaucous  foliage,  which  is  striped  with  white. 

Y.  gloriosa,  var.  plicata.  Plaited.  Leaves  more  slender  than  the  type, 
but  much  plaited  ;  panicle  large. 

Y.  gloriosa,  var.  recurvifolia ;  syn.,  pendula.  A  form  with  longer,  nar- 
rower foliage,  and  a  slender  panicle  of  flowers. 

MEMORANDA 


33 


MEMORANDA 


Kalmia  latifolia  (Laurel).     See  page  28. 


Acer  saccharinum  (Sugar  Maple).     See  page  38. 


TREES 


OF  this  most  important  class  of  ornamental  trees   we  present  a  very  careful 
selection,  including  only  those  varieties  which  have  been  found  by  exten- 
sive experience  and  careful  trial  most  suitable  for  general  culture.     There  is  no 
"chaff"  in  this  list. 

ABBREVIATIONS 

Denoting  size:     L,  large;  M,  medium;  S,  small;  D,  dwarf;   VD,  very  dwarf. 
Denoting  rapidity  of  growth:     r,  rapid  ;  m,  medium  ;  /,  slow  ;  i/,  vigorous. 

ACER.     Maple 

A.  campestris.  European  Cork  Maple.  (S m)  A  tree  of  dense  growth, 
with  peculiar  corky  branches  and  dull  green  foliage.  Valuable  for  planting 
as  an  undergrowth  and  on  dry  ground. 

A.  colchicum,  var.  rubrum.  Red  Colchicum  Maple.  (Sm)  Foliage 
deep  green  in  the  mature  state,  and  of  a  rich  red  tinge  when  young,  giving  a 
pretty,  variegated  appearance.  Rare  and  choice. 

A.  dasycarpum.  Silver  Maple.  (L  r)  Of  irregular,  rounded  form ;  foliage 
light  green,  silvery  beneath  ;  very  hardy  ;  thrives  in  almost  any  soil. 

A.  dasycarpum,  var.  Wierii  laciniatum.  Wier's  Cut -leaved  Silver 
Maple.  (L  r).  A  form  of  the  silver-leaved  Maple,  and  one  of  the  most  remark- 
able and  beautiful  trees  with  cut  or  dissected  foliage.  Its  growth  is  rapid, 
shoots  slender  and  drooping,  giving  it  a  habit  almost  as  graceful  as  the  cut- 
leaved  birch.  The  foliage  is  abundant,  silvery  underneath,  and,  on  the  young 
wood  especially,  deeply  and  most  delicately  cut.  The  leaf-stalks  are  long  and 
tinted  with  red  on  the  upper  surface.  It  ranks  among  the  most  interesting 
and  attractive  of  lawn  trees. 

A.  macrophyllum.  Oregon  Maple.  (Mm)  A  handsome  round-headed 
tree,  noted  for  its  extra  large  foliage.  Not  entirely  hardy  in  the  North. 

A.  Negundo.  Ash-leaved  Maple,  or  Box  Elder.  (Mr)  Growth  rapid, 
especially  while  young;  form  irregular  and  spreading  ;  foliage  light  green,  and 
bark  of  young  wood  greenish  yellow ;  easily  transplanted. 

A.  Pennsylvanicum  ;  syn.,  striatum.  Striped  Maple.  (Mm)  Ahand- 
some  tree  of  dense,  upright  habit,  with  large,  bright  green  foliage,  turning 
clear  yellow  in  autumn.  Attractive  even  in  winter  for  its  smooth,  greenish 
bark,  striped  with  white. 

A.  platanoides.  Norway  Maple.  (L  r)  A  spreading,  rounded  form, 
with  strong  branches  ;  foliage  large,  dark  green  and  shadowy  ;  hardy  and  easily 
transplanted.  An  excellent  shade  tree,  always  rich  in  appearance. 

A.  platanoides,  var.  purpurea.  Schwedler's  Purple  Maple.  (L  r)  A 
beautiful  variety,  with  young  shoots  and  leaves  of  a  bright  purplish  and  crim- 
son color,  changing  to  purplish  green  in  the  older  leaves  ;  a  most  valuable  tree. 

37 


ACER,    continued 

A.  pseudo-platanus.  European  Sycamore  Maple.  (L  r)  A  handsome 
tree,  of  upright  growth,  with  large  foliage  and  smooth,  gray-colored  bark. 

A.  pseudo-plantanus,  var.   purpurea.     Purple    Sycamore   Maple.     (Z,  r) 

A  purple-leaved  form  of  great  merit.  The  habit  of  growth  is  the  same  as  A. 
pseudo-platanus,  but  leaves  are  of  a  purplish  red  beneath,  giving  the  tree  a  deep 
purple  shade  which  is  retained  all  season. 

A.  rubrum.  Red,  or  Scarlet  Maple.  (Lv)  Attractive  for  its  excellent 
habit,  earliness  of  the  scarlet  flowers  and  bright  red  seed-pods  in  the  late 
spring.  The  deep  green  foliage  turns  to  scarlet  and  orange  in  the  fall. 

A.  saccharinum.  Sugar  Maple.  (L  r)  No  better  tree  can  be  used  for 
street,  park  or  lawn  planting,  as  its  growth  is  straight,  its  form  symmetrical. 
It  is  well  adapted  for  planting  near  buildings,  and,  being  deep-rooted,  the 
grass  will  grow  up  to  its  very  trunk,  which  is  quite  a  strong  point  in  its  favor. 
It  will  thrive  in  almost  all  localities  except  where  the  ground  is  damp  or  boggy. 
No  tree  has  more  gorgeous  autumn  coloring  ;  it  varies  in  all  shades  of  yel- 
low, orange  and  scarlet.  (See  plate  on  page  36.) 

A.  spicatum.  Mountain  Maple.  (D  s)  A  shrubby  tree  with  light  green 
foliage,  bearing  in  summer  bright  red  seed-pods.  Valuable  in  undergrowth. 

A.  Tataricum,  var.  Ginnala.  Tartarian  Maple.  (Dm)  Of  graceful, 
shrubby  growth,  with  handsome  foliage,  turning  to  bright  red  in  autumn. 
One  of  the  most  brilliant  of  fall-coloring  trees  and  a  good  substitute  for  the 
Japanese  Maples  where  they  are  not  hardy. 

THE   JAPANESE    MAPLES 

A.  polymorphum.  Japanese  Maple.  (Dm)  A  tree  of  dense  growth, 
with  deeply  lobed  foliage  of  bright  green,  changing  to  a  purplish  hue  in  August. 

A.  polymorphum,  var.  ampelopsilobum.  Seven -lobed  Maple.  (S  v)  Of 
larger  growth  than  the  type  and  with  larger  foliage,  which  is  light  green  in 
summer,  coloring  brilliant  crimson  in  the  fall. 

A.  polymorphum,  var.  atropurpureum.  Blood -leaved  Japanese  Maple. 
(S  s)  A  compact  grower,  with  delicately  cut  leaves  of  a  beautiful  blood-red 
in  the  spring,  changing  to  purplish  red,  which  lasts  throughout  the  season. 

A.  polymorphum,  var.  atropurpureum  dissectum.  Weeping  Blood - 
leaved  Japanese  Maple.  (D  s)  Most  beautiful ;  delicately  divided  leaves  of 
deep  blood-red  ;  the  branches  are  long,  slender  and  pendulous. 

A.  polymorphum,  var.  aureum.  Golden  Japanese  Maple.  (D  s)  A  form 
with  round,  slightly  cut,  light  yellow  foliage. 

A.  polymorphum,  var.  dissectum.  Cut -leaved  Japanese  Maple.  (VD  s) 
A  weeping  form',  with  delicately  divided  foliage  of  beautiful  light  green.  (See 
plate  on  page  41.) 

A.  polymorphum,  var.  palmatum.  (Sv)  A  dense  grower,  very  much 
branched  ;  foliage  round,  not  so  deeply  cut  as  that  of  filicifolium  ;  bright  green. 

A.  polymorphum,  var.  scolopendiflorum.  (Dm)  An  open  grower,  with 
clean,  deeply  cut,  narrow,  blood-red  foliage,  which  holds  its  color  well. 

38 


DECIDUOUS 


iESCULUS.      Horse-Chest  nut 

JE.  Hippocastanum.  European  Horse-Chestnut.  (Lm)  A  tree  of  hand- 
some, regular  outline  and  very  hardy.  In  May  it  is  covered  with  magnificent 
erect  spikes  or  panicles  of  white  flowers,  lightly  marked  with  red.  It  has  no 
superior  as  a  lawn  or  street  tree.  (See  plate  on  page  41.) 

IE,.  Hippocastanum,  var.  alba  flore  pleno.  Double  White -flowering 
Horse-Chestnut.  (L  z>)  A  superb  variety  of  handsome,  regular  outline  and 
pyramidal  habit.  Its  dense  top  is  covered  in  May  with  double  white  flowers 
in  large  panicles,  much  larger  than  those  of  A.  Hippocastanum. 

IE,.  Hippocastanum,  var.  rubicunda.  Red-flowering  Horse-Chestnut. 
(M  m)  A  handsome  and  desirable  variety,  not  forming  so  symmetrical  a  top 
as  the  other  sorts,  but  the  foliage  is  good  and  the  red  flowers  very  attractive. 

JE.  glabra.     American    Horse-Chestnut.       (Mr)       A  native   variety   of 
open,  spreading  growth.     The  flowers,  appearing  in  May,  are  greenish  yellow 
A  good  street  tree. 

JE.  parviflora ;  syn.,  Pavia  parviflora.     See  Shrubs. 

AILANTHUS 

A.  glandulosa.  Tree  of  Heaven.  (L  r)  Ornamental  tree,  with  loose, 
somewhat  spreading  habit  and  elegant,  palm-like  foliage.  Thrives  in  any  soil 
or  situation,  and  is  especially  desirable  for  situations  where  soil  is  too  poor  for 
successful  growth  of  other  trees,  and  for  smoky  cities.  Fertile  trees  should  be 
planted,  because  the  male  exhales  a  disagreeable  odor  when  flowering. 

ALNUS 

A.  glutinpsa.  European,  or  Black  Alder.  (Mr)  A  vigorous -growing 
tree  with  dull,  dark  green  foliage.  Valuable  for  planting  in  damp  situations. 

A.  glutinosa,  var.  imperialis.  Cut-leaved  Alder.  (Mr)  A  strong- 
growing,  ornamental  variety,  with  deeply  pinnately-lobed  leaves. 

AMELANCHIER 

A.  Canadensis.  Shad-bush.  (D  r)  A  form  varying  in  size,  sometimes 
hardly  more  than  a  bush.  Bears  white,  cherry-like  blossoms  in  May  or  June, 
and  these  are  followed  by  small  purplish  fruits,  sweet  and  edible. 

A.  Botryapium.     Dwarf  Juneberry.     See   Shrubs. 

ANDROMEDA.      See  Oxydendrum 

ARALIA 

A.  Chinensis  ;  syn.,  Japonica.  Chinese  Angelica  Tree.  (D  r)  A  tree 
of  highly  ornamental  subtropical  appearance.  The  stem  is  very  prickly  ; 
leaves  I  )4  to  ^l^.  feet  long,  the  branches  crowned  with  great  clusters  of 
white  flowers  in  August.  Grows  well  in  dry,  rocky  or  clayey  soil. 

A.  pentaphylla ;  syn.,  Acanthopanax  spinosa.     See  Shrubs. 

A.  spinosa.  Hercules'  Club.  (D  r)  Resembles^.  Cbinensis ;  flowers  a 
little  later.  A  good  grower  in  dry,  rocky  or  clayey  soils. 

39 


BETULA.     Birch 

These  are  general  favorites  as  specimen  or  avenue  trees.     They  thrive  even 
in  the  poorest  soils  and  in  the  most  exposed  situations. 

B.  alba.  European  White  Weeping  Birch.  (L  r)  A  graceful  tree,  with 
silvery  bark  and  slender  branches  ;  quite  erect  when  young,  but  after  four  or 
five  years'  growth  assumes  an  elegant  drooping  habit,  rendering  the  tree  very 
effective.  (See  plate  on  page  42.) 

B.  alba,  var.  fastigiata.  Pyramidal  White  Birch.  (Mm)  An  interesting 
and  valuable  tree  ;  in  habit  as  columnar  as  the  Lombardy  poplar. 

B.  alba,  var.  laciniata  pendula.  Weeping  Cut -leaved  White  Birch. 
One  of  the  most  popular  and  worthy  lawn  trees.  A  strictly  upright  growth  of 
the  leader,  yet  the  side  branches  are  so  slim  as  to  droop  in  a  most  picturesque 
manner.  The  foliage  is  deeply  cut  and  very  effective.  The  bark  peels  and 
becomes  of  the  purest  silvery  white. 

B.  alba,  var.  Youngii.  Young's  Weeping  Birch..  (Ds)  A  very  com- 
pact weeping  form,  of  elegant  habit. 

B.  alba,  var.  purpurea.  Purple  Birch.  (Mm)  A  good  form  with  dark 
purplish  foliage  and  white  bark. 

B.  lenta.  Sweet,  Black  or  Cherry  Birch.  (L  r)  A  good  grower,  with 
dark  bark,  closely  resembling  the  wild  cherry.  Leaves  heart-shaped  and  shin- 
ing bright  green. 

B.  lutea.  Yellow  Birch.  (L  r)  Closely  resembles  B.  lenta,  but  leaves  are 
not  as  bright  a  green  and  are  more  downy  beneath.  Bark  yellowish  silver- 
gray.  A  good  grower  and  a  handsome  tree. 

B.  populifolia.  American  White  Birch.  (Mr)  A  small,  graceful  tree, 
thriving  in  poor  and  dry  soils.  Bark  grayish  white;  not  as  silvery  as  CB.  alba. 

B.  papyrifera.  Paper,  or  Canoe  Birch.  (L  r)  Of  vigorous,  upright 
habit  of  growth,  with  broad  foliage  and  pure  white  bark  when  the  tree  is  four 
inches  or  more  in  diameter.  A  tree  of  first-class  ornamental  character. 

B.  nigra;  syn.,  r  libra.  Red  Birch.  (L  r)  A  moisture -loving  tree  of  grace- 
ful, slender  habit ;  densely  branched ;  foliage  light.  Remarkable  for  its  torn 
and  ragged  bark,  and  one  of  the  handsomest  of  the  Birches. 

BROUSSONETIA.      Mulberry 

B.  papyrifera.     Paper    Mulberry.      (M  v)      A    picturesque  round-headed 

tree  with  greenish  gray  bark  blotched  with  brown;  the  leaves  are  large  and 
deeply  lobed. 

CARPINUS.     Hornbeam 

C.Americana;  syn.,  Caroliniana.  American  Hornbeam.  (Ms)  A 
hardy  ornamental  tree  of  dense  growth,  forming  a  round  head.  The  foliage 
somewhat  resembles  the  beech,  is  a  good  green,  turning  to  bronzy  yellow  in 
the  fall  and  remaining  on  the  tree  nearly  all  winter.  A  valuable  tree  for  dry, 
rocky  situations.  Does  well  in  the  shade,  and  is  a  first-class  hedge  plant. 

C.  Betulus.     European  Hornbeam.     (Ss)     Resembles  C.  Americana,  but 

of  more  twiggy  growth  and  holds  its  foliage  later  in  the  winter. 

40 


No.  i,  ^sculus  Hippocastanum. 

See  page   }Q. 


No.  2,  Acer  polymorphum  dissectum. 
See  page  38. 


Betula  alba.     See  page  40. 


DECID17O17S 


CARYA 

C.  alba.  Shellbark  Hickory.  (Lr)  This  well-known  Hickory  forms  a 
fine  tree  with  rugged,  shaggy,  grayish  brown  bark,  and  bears  the  best  and 
sweetest  nuts.  Difficult  to  transplant  unless  well  cultivated  and  often  trans- 
planted in  the  nursery. 

C.  tomentosa.  Mocker  Nut.  (L  r)  A  tall,  slender  tree  with  rough  bark, 
deeply  furrowed,  but  not  shaggy.  Does  well  on  dry  hillsides. 

CASTANEA.      Chestnut 

These  are  not  only  desirable  for  their  fruit,  but  the  American  and  Spanish 
varieties  are  exceptionally  strong,  clean  growers,  and  form  excellent  shade  trees. 

C.  Americana.  American  Chestnut.  (L  r)  A  hardy  and  vigorous  grower, 
making  an  elegant  shade  tree.  The  fruit  is  sweeter  than  that  of  any  other 
variety. 

C.  Japonica.  Japan  Chestnut.  (Sv)  A  dense-headed  tree,  producing 
large  fruit  while  quite  young. 

C.  vesca.  Spanish  Chestnut.  (L  r)  A  strong  grower,  forming  a  beauti- 
ful head.  Fruits  larger  than  C.  Americana  but  not  as  sweet 

C.  vesca,  var.  hybrida.     See  Fruit  Department. 

CATALPA 

Valuable  ornamental  foliage  and  flowering  trees  of  easy  culture  on  ordinary 
soils.  Leaves  usually  of  immense  size,  heart-shaped  and  of  pleasing  color ; 
flowers  borne  in  large,  upright  panicles,  similar  to  those  of  the  horse-chestnut,  yet 
broader  and  larger;  the  individual  flowers  are  trumpet-shaped  and  somewhat 
fragrant.  Valuable  for  lawn,  street  or  park  planting.  They  are  of  rapid  growth 
and  flower  when  quite  young. 

C.  bignonioides.  Common  Catalpa,  or  Indian  Bean.  (Mr)  A  fine 
growing  tree  with  large,  heart-shaped  leaves  and  yellow  purple-spotted  flowers 
late  in  July. 

C.  bignonioides,  var.  aurea.  Golden  Catalpa.  (M  r)  Striking  effects 
can  be  produced  by  interspersing  this  tree  with  those  of  duller  green  foliage, 
its  golden  coloring  bringing  out  the  other  greens,  which  without  it  would 
appear  dull  and  lifeless.  If  left  in  a  dwarf  state  by  annual  pruning  it  is 
excellent  for  associating  with  fine-leaved  plants  in  making  subtropical  effects. 

C.  Bungei.  Bunge's  Catalpa.  (Ds)  A  species  from  China,  of  dwarf 
habit,  growing  only  from  3  to  5  feet  high.  Foliage  large  and  glossy ;  flowers 
in  large  clusters  a  foot  long.  This  form  is  usually  grafted  on  stems  5  to  8  feet 
in  height,  and  used  as  a  standard.  Useful  in  formal  work. 

C.  Kaempferi.  Japanese  Catalpa.  (S  r)  A  hardy  species,  not  as  strong 
a  grower  as  C.  speciosa.  Foliage  darker  ;  produces  fragrant  flowers  in  June. 
Seed-pods  very  long  and  slender. 

C.  speciosa.  Western  Catalpa.  (L  r)  A  fine  and  hardy  sort,  well 
adapted  for  forest  and  ornamental  planting.  Its  blossoms  open  two  weeks 
earlier  than  those  of  C.  bignonioides. 

43 


CEDRELA 

C.  Sinensis.  Chinese  Cedrela.  (Mr)  An  ornamental  tree,  with  large, 
feathery  foliage  ;  very  valuable  for  avenues.  Similar  to  the  ailanthus,  but  of 
more  regular  and  dense  growth  and  the  blossoms  have  no  odor. 

CELTIS 

C.  occidentalis.  Nettle  Tree.  (Mm).  A  valuable  shade  tree  or  lawn 
specimen.  Wide-spreading  head  ;  light  green  foliage,  rarely  injured  by  insects. 
It  is  of  vigorous  growth,  transplants  easily  and  thrives  in  almost  any  soil.  In 
general  appearance  it  resembles  the  elm. 

CERASUS.     Cherry 

Among  the  flowering  trees  these  demand  a  prominent  place.  They  are  all 
thrifty,  hardy  growers,  with  bright,  attractive  bark,  excellent  foliage,  and  very 
showy  flowers.  With  the  exception  of  the  dwarf  and  weeping  forms,  they  make 
excellent  shade  trees,  and  C.  serotina  is  a  good  tree  for  avenue  planting. 

C.  avium,  var.  alba  plena.  Double  White -flowering  Cherry.  (Lv) 
A  charming  small  tree,  producing  a  great  abundance  of  large  double  white 
flowers  in  May.  The  flowers  are  of  a  most  attractive  texture. 

C.  avium,  var.  rosea  plena.  Double  Pink-flowering  Cherry.  (Lv) 
Similar  to  the  foregoing,  but  with  pink  flowers. 

C.  avium,  var.  rosea  pendula.  Pink  Weeping  Japan  Cherry.  (D  v) 
One  of  the  best  flowering  weeping  trees.  The  crooked,  drooping  branches 
give  it  a  graceful  form,  and  the  bright  rose-colored  blossoms  literally  cover  the 
branches  to  the  very  tips. 

C.  Padus.  European  Bird  Cherry.  (S  m)  A  pyramidal  tree,  with  rough, 
speckled  bark  and  oval,  abrupt-pointed,  dark  green  foliage.  The  pure  white 
blossoms  in  spring  are  borne  on  long  pedicels,  in  long,  drooping  racemes,  fol- 
lowed by  black  fruit. 

C.  serotina.  Wild  Black  Cherry.  (Lv)  Valuable  either  as  an  orna- 
mental or  timber  tree,  and  one  of  the  most  beautiful  natives.  The  foliage  is  the 
darkest  green  and  retains  its  color  late  in  the  fall,  being  one  of  the  last  to  lose 
its  leaves.  The  flowers,  in  long,  loose  racemes,  are  followed  by  purple-black 
fruit  ripening  in  the  late  summer. 

C.  pumila,  var.  pendula.  Weeping  Dwarf  Sand  Cherry.  (Ds)  A  dense 
twiggy  grower,  usually  grafted  on  5-  to  6-foot  stems,  and  used  as  a  standard, 
when  it  forms  a  dense,  round,  somewhat  pendulous  head.  The  flowers  literally 
cover  the  twigs  and  are  followed  by  small  dark  red  cherries. 

C.  Sieboldi,  var.  rubra  plena.  (M  v)  A  form  in  which  the  double 
white  flowers,  tinted  with  rose,  are  borne  in  clusters. 

C.  Sinensis,  var.  alba  plena.  Double  White  Chinese  Cherry.  (M v) 
An  ornamental  variety  of  good  growth  ;  well  foliaged  and  producing  huge 
double  white  flowers. 

C.  Sinensis,  var.  rosea  plena.  Double  Pink  Chinese  Cherry.  (M  v) 
Characteristics  same  as  the  former,  but  the  flowers  are  pink. 

44 


DECIDUO17S 


CERCIS 

C.  Canadensis.  Red  Bud,  or  American  Judas.  (S  s)  A  rapid -growing, 
round-headed  tree,  with  large,  heart-shaped,  leathery  foliage  of  dark  green, 
bearing  clusters  of  deep  bluish  pink  flowers  all  along  the  branches,  before  the 
leaves  appear  in  the  spring.  One  of  the  earliest  flowering  trees. 

C.  Japonica.     See  Shrubs. 

C.  occidentalis.  Texas  Red  Bud.  (Ds)  Similar  in  habit  to  C.  Cana- 
densis, but  of  smaller  growth.  , 

CERCIDIPHYLLUM 

C.  Japonicum.  (Mr)  A  hardy  ornamental  tree  of  pyramidal  form,  of 
almost  fastigiate  habit  when  young,  with  handsome  light  green  foliage,  turning 
yellow  and  scarlet  in  the  fall.  Prefers  a  rich,  moist  soil.  One  of  the  best  of 
the  newer  introductions  from  Japan,  and  one  we  can  highly  recommend. 

CLADRASTIS 

C.  Amurensis ;  syn.,  Maackia  Amurensis  (Ms)  A  low  spreading 
tree  with  long  glabrous  foliage,  bearing  long  erect  racemes  of  white  flowers  in 
July  and  August. 

C.  tinctoria;  syn.,  Virgilia  lutea.  Yellow  Wood.  (Mm)  One  of  the 
most  graceful  native  flowering  trees,  with  short  trunk  and  rounded  head,  bear- 
ing beautiful  white,  sweet-scented  flowers  in  June.  A  beautiful  lawn  tree. 

CORNUS.       DogWOOd.    (See,   also,  Shrubs) 

C.  florida.  White  Dogwood.  (S v)  Although  most  common  in  our 
American  forests,  there  is  certainly  no  flowering  tree  more  beautiful  than  the 
White-flowering  Dogwood.  Before  the  leaves  appear  in  early  May  it  is  covered 
with  large  white  blossoms ;  in  autumn  it  is  ablaze  with  brilliant  berries  and 
foliage.  Our  stock  of  this  is  always  large.  (See  plate  on  page  47.) 

C.  florida,  var.  flore  rubro.  Red -flowering  Dogwood.  (S  v)  Flowers 
suffused  with  bright  pink.  This  is  one  of  the  finest  lawn  trees.  It  has  a 
fresh,  pronounced  color,  continuing  with  the  flower  from  the  beginning  to  the 
end  of  its  bloom.  Planted  with  the  white  species  the  effect  is  unrivaled. 

C.  florida  pendula.  Weeping  Dogwood.  (D  v)  This  rare  and  very 
beautiful  weeping  tree  has  all  the  good  qualities  of  the  common  Dogwood, 
with  a  perfectly  drooping  habit  and  upright  leading  stem.  We  have  many  fine 
large  specimens. 

CRAT^EGUS.      Thorn 

The  Thorns  justly  deserve  to  be  classed  among  the  most  beautiful  flowering 
trees.  They  are  generally  dense,  low  growers,  occupying  comparatively  little  space 
and  are  well  adapted  to  beautifying  small  grounds.  The  foliage  is  varied  and  attrac- 
tive, the  flowers  very  showy  and  often  highly  perfumed.  The  fruit  is  ornamental. 

45 


CRAT^GUS,    continued 

There  are  numerous  varieties,  all  of  which  are  hardy  and  will  thrive  in  any  dry  soil. 
We  have  endeavored  to  select  the  best  and  most  distinct.  They  flower  in  May 
and  June. 

C.  cpccinea.  Scarlet  Thorn.  (Ss)  This  is  the  first  to  bloom,  producing 
its  white  blossoms  early  in  May,  and  in  the  fall  the  ripening  fruit  is  bright 
scarlet. 

C.  cordata.  Washington  Thorn.  (S s)  A  desirable  species,  flowering  in 
June.  The  fall  coloring  of  the  foliage  is  very  bright,  and  the  red  fruits  remain 
on  the  tree  a  long  time. 

C.  Crus-galli.  Cockspur  Thorn.  (Dv}  A  small  tree  with  a  flat,  bushy 
head,  horizontal  branches  and  long,  sharp  thorns.  Foliage  glossy  green. 
Makes  an  excellent  hedge. 

C.  Lavallei.  Hyb.  Crus-galli  X  Mexicana.  (Dv}  A  small  tree,  with 
spreading  branches,  large  flowers  with  red  disk,  and  bright  orange  or  brick- 
red  fruit. 

C.  mollis.  Scarlet  Haw.  (S  v)  One  of  the  most  decorative  species,  with 
large,  bright  green  foliage  and  showy  flowers.  Fruit  light  scarlet,  ripening  in 
September. 

C.  punctata.  (Sm)  A  form  with  spreading,  horizontal  branches  and  short 
spines.  The  foliage  is  good,  and  the  flowers  in  May  are  followed  by  bright 
red  or  reddish  yellow  fruits. 

C.  tomentosa.  Black  Hawthorn.  (S s}  A  vigorous  species,  with  dark 
green  foliage  and  bright  scarlet  fruit. 

C.  Oxyacantha.  English  Hawthorn.  (Ss)  A  tree  with  spreading  branches 
and  stout  spines  ;  the  sweet-scented  flowers  are  white,  rarely  pink  ;  fruit  scarlet. 

C.  Oxyacantha,  var.  alba  flore  pleno.     Double  White  Hawthorn.     (S m) 

Similar  to  the  preceding,  but  with  double  white  flowers. 

C.  Oxyacantha,  var.  coccinea  flore  pleno.  Paul's  Double  Scarlet  Thorn. 
(S  /»)  This  is  a  new  sort,  and  the  best.  The  large,  full,  double  flowers  of  deep 
rich  crimson  are  in  clusters  like  verbenas. 

C.  Oxyacantha,  var.  rosea  flore  pleno.  Double  Pink  Hawthorn.  (S m) 
In  growth  similar  to  C.  Oxyacantha.  Flowers  rose-colored  and  fragrant. 

CYTISUS.      Golden  Chain 

C.  Laburnum.  Golden  Chain.  (S  m)  A  small  tree,  taking  its  name  from 
the  long  racemes  of  golden  blossoms  produced  in  June.  It  does  remarkably 
well  where  a  cool  and  shady  spot  can  be  selected  for  it.  (See  plate  on  page  47.) 

C.  Laburnum,  var.  pendula.     Weeping  Golden   Chain.     (D  s)    A  form 

usually  grafted  on  stems  5  to  6  feet  in  height.     A  very  fine  garden  tree. 

• 

DIOSPYROS.      Persimmon 

D.  Virginiana.     Persimmon.     (Mm]     A    tree   with    spreading,    rounded 

tops  and  often  pendulous  branches.     Bears  a  pale  orange  fruit,  with  red  cheek. 

46 


Spray  of  Cytisus  Laburnum.     See  page  46. 


Blossoms  of  Cornus  florida. 

See  page  45. 


Robinia  Pseudacacia.     See  page  60.  Popuius  nigra  fastigiata.     See  page  57. 


FAGUS.     Beech 

The  Beech  is  a  lordly  tree,  with  its  great,  smooth  trunk  and  spreading  branches, 
and,  though  it  never  reaches  the  size  of  the  chestnut,  it  is  far  more  beautiful  and 
longer  lived.  All  the  Beeches  require  care  in  transplanting,  as  their  roots  are 
sensitive  to  exposure. 

F.  ferruginea.  American  Beech.  (Lv)  One  of  the  most  majestic 
native  trees,  always  symmetrical  and  handsome  ;  excellent  for  avenues,  screens 
and  lawns  ;  the  smooth  gray  bark  is  an  attractive  feature,  particularly  in  winter. 

F.  sylvatica.  European  Beech.  (Lv)  Of  rather  slower  growth  and 
more  compact  form  than  the  American  ;  a  choice  and  beautiful  tree ;  retains 
its  foliage  very  late,  sometimes  all  winter,  and  forms  a  good  screen  or  wind- 
break. 

F.  sylvatica,  var.  asplenifolia.  Fern -leaved  Beech.  (S  s)  A  beautiful 
variety,  with  delicately  divided,  almost  skeletonized  leaves.  The  young 
shoots  are  very  slender  and  drooping,  giving  the  tree  a  singular  airy  appearance. 

F.  sylvatica,  var.  pendula.  Weeping  Beech.  (M  v)  A  remarkably 
picturesque  tree.  The  foliage  is  very  rich  green,  and  hangs  in  masses.  On 
our  grounds  we  have  two  grand  specimens  over  fifty  feet  in  height ;  also 
salable  specimens  15  to  20  feet  that  can  be  transplanted  safely. 

F.  sylvatica,  var.  purpurea.  Purple  Beech.  (Lv)  A  fine  shade  tree; 
hardy,  long-lived,  has  but  few  insect  enemies,  and,  after  it  gets  well  established, 
is  a  rapid  grower.  Early  in  the  season  the  young  foliage  is  bright,  glossy,  and 
of  that  rich  purplish  color  which  is  so  intense  in  depth  when  seen  against 
green-foliaged  trees.  When  judiciously  planted,  it  is  one  of  the  most  orna- 
mental and  effective  objects  that  can  be  introduced  into  a  landscape. 

F.  sylvatica,  var.  purpurea  pendula.  Weeping  Purple  Beech.  (Mm) 
A  weeping  form  of  F.  purpurea.  The  habit  is  as  pronounced  as  that  of  the 
green-leaved  form,  F.  sylvatica  pendula,  and  the  foliage  is  a  rich  dark  blood-red. 

F.  sylvatica,  var.  purpurea  rosea  marginata.  Rose -margined  Purple - 
leaved  Beech.  (Mm)  A  distinct  novelty.  The  leaves  are  beautifully  mar- 
gined with  rose  and  creamy  white  ;  needs  a  shaded  position,  as  the  margins  of 
the  leaves  turn  brown  if  exposed  to  the  sun. 

F.  sylvatica,  var.  Riversii.  River's  Blood-leaved  Beech.  (M  v)  A 
grafted  form  of  much  deeper  purple  foliage  than  F.  sylvatica  purpurea,  which 
holds  its  color  well  throughout  the  season. 

FRAXINUS.     Ash 

A  desirable  class  of  vigorous-growing  trees,  with  large,  rounded,  open  heads 
and  sufficient  foliage  to  make  good  shade  trees. 

F.  Americana.  White  Ash.  (L  v)  Broad,  round  head  and  straight, 
clean  trunk.  While  young  it  is  remarkable  for  the  softness  and  mellow  greeri 
of  its  foliage.  Will  thrive  where  F.  Europaa  will  languish.  An  excellent  shade 
and  ornamental  tree. 

F.  excelsior.  European  Ash.  (Mm)  Full,  spreading  head  and  short, 
thick  trunk  ;  darker  foliage  than  the  American  species. 

49 


FRAXINUS,    continued 

F.  excelsior,  var.  aurea.  Golden  English  Ash.  The  foliage  in  the  early 
spring  and  fall  months  is  of  a  rich  yellow.  Especially  showy  during  the  win- 
ter for  its  beautiful  golden  bark  and  twisted  branches. 

F.  excelsa,  var.  pendula.  Weeping  English  Ash.  (D  s)  Usually  grafted 
on  tall  stems,  when  it  forms  a  round,  spreading  top. 

F.  Ornus.     Flowering  Ash.       (S  s)      A  neat -growing  tree,  with  grayish 

bark  and  light  green  foliage  ;  bears  terminal  panicles  of  fragrant  white  flow- 
ers in  late  May  and  June. 

GLEDITSCHIA 

G.  aquatica.     Water  Locust.      (Sm)     A  species  thriving  in  wet  and  moist 

soil.     The  foliage  is  smaller  than  that  of  G.  triacanthos,  and  the  tree  is  not  so 
heavily  branched. 

G.  triacanthos.  Honey  Locust.  (L  v)  A  large,  handsome,  clean  tree, 
usually  with  many  stout,  much-branched  thorns  on  trunk  and  branches  ;  foli- 
age large  and  light.  Makes  a  beautiful  specimen. 

G.  triacanthos,  var.  Bujotti.  Weeping  Locust.  (Ds)  A  distinct  weep- 
ing form,  usually  grafted  upon  5-  to  6-foot  stems  and  used  as  a  standard. 

GLYPTOSTROBUS.      See  Taxodium 

GYMNOCLADUS 

G.  Canadensis.  Kentucky  Coffee  Tree.  (Mr}  A  striking  ornamental, 
irregular,  open-topped  tree,  with  peculiar,  rough-barked  and  twigless  branches, 
and  immense,  broad,  feathery  foliage  of  a  peculiar  bluish  green  color.  The 
flowers  are  white,  in  open  racemes,  followed  by  long,  brown  pods.  Very 
picturesque  and  desirable. 

HALESIA       (See,  also,   Pterostyrax) 

H.  tetraptera.  Snowdrop  Tree.  (Sm)  A  neat  tree  with  rounded  head, 
somewhat  drooping  habit  and  dark  green  foliage.  Just  before  the  leaves  ex- 
pand in  May,  it  is  covered  with  small  white  flowers  resembling  snowdrops. 
It  is  one  of  the  best  early  blooming  trees. 

HOVENIA 

H.  dulcis.  Japan.  (S m)  A  small  round-headed  tree  with  somewhat 
shining  foliage,  thriving  best  in  sandy  loam.  The  white  flowers  in  June  are 
followed  by  dark  brown  berries. 

JUGLANS 

J.  nigra.  Black  Walnut.  (L  r)  A  large,  open-headed  spreading  tree, 
with  rough,  dark  brown  bark  and  long  light  foliage.  Fruit  is  the  well-known 
walnut.  A  picturesque  tree ;  hardy  and  rugged  ;  valuable  not  only  as  an 
ornamental,  but  to  plant  in  waste  places  as  a  timber  tree. 

50 


DECIDUOUS 


KCELREUTERIA 

K.  paniculata.  Varnish  Tree.  (Ms)  A  charming  tree,  native  of 
China,  with  glossy,  divided  foliage  and  large  terminal  panicles  of  showy  golden 
yellow  flowers  in  July,  after  the  great  majority  of  trees  and  shrubs  are  past 
their  bloom.  The  flowers  are  followed  by  curious,  bladdery  seed-vessels. 
Its  pleasingly  colored  foliage  and  neat  habit  of  growth,  with  its  showy  flow- 
ers, render  it  a  desirable  lawn  tree.  Any  well-grown  Kcelreuteria  is  a  striking 
object  when  in  full  flower,  and  in  the  fall  its  foliage  takes  on  rich  crimson 
and  yellow  colorings.  It  is  one  of  the  most  satisfactory  ornamental  trees 
and  deserves  more  extensive  planting. 

LARIX.     Larch 

L.  Europaea.  European  Larch.  (L  r)  An  upright -growing  tree,  with 
light  green  foliage.  The  branches  when  young  have  a  drooping  habit.  A 
valuable  tree  where  quick  results  are  required,  and  a  good  sort  for  screening 
unsightly  buildings,  owing  to  its  rapid  growth  and  dense  foliage. 

L.  leptolepis.  Japanese  Larch.  (L  r)  A  handsome  pyramidal  tree  with 
horizontal  branches.  Branchlets  yellowish  or  reddish  brown  ;  leaves  broad  and 
soft,  of  bluish  green.  One  of  the  best  of  this  family. 

LAURUS    SASSAFRAS.      See   Sassafras   officinale 

LIQUIDAMBAR 

L.  styraciflua.  Sweet  Gum.  (Mm)  One  of  the  best  ornamental  trees; 
leaves  resemble  somewhat  those  of  the  maple,  but  are  more  star-shaped  and  of 
a  beautiful  glossy  green  color,  turning  to  a  deep  purplish  crimson  in  autumn  ; 
bark  corky ;  beautiful  in  all  stages  of  growth,  it  is  particularly  handsome  and 
striking  in  the  autumn. 

LIRIODENDRON 

L.  Tulipifera.  Tulip  Tree.  (Lr)  A  large,  rapid -growing  forest  tree, 
with  clean,  smooth  trunk  and  spreading  branches.  The  flowers,  which  are 
tulip-shaped,  are  quite  large  and  of  a  greenish  yellow  color,  blotched  with 
orange ;  they  appear  early  in  June,  and  have  a  delicate  magnolia-like  fragrance. 
The  leaves  are  large,  glossy  and  of  peculiar  shape.  The  Tulip  Tree  is 
uniquely  beautiful,  an  excellent  street  tree  and  indispensable  for  lawn  and  park 
planting.  Transplants  best  in  the  spring,  but  our  well-rooted  stock  has  given 
every  satisfaction  in  the  fall.  (See  plate  on  page  48.) 

L.  Tulipifera,  var.  aurea  marginata ;  syn.,  panache.  Variegated -Leaved 
Tulip  Poplar.  (L  r)  The  margins  of  the  broad,  glossy  dark  green  leaves  are 
marked  with  a  band  of  light  yellow.  One  of  the  most  distinctly  variegated 
trees. 

M ACLURA 

M.  aurantiaca.  Osage  Orange.  (S m)  A  dense-growing  tree,  with 
very  thorny  branches  and  glossy  bright  green  leaves.  Fruit  resembles  a  large 
green  orange.  As  a  specimen  it  makes  a  pretty  tree,  but  it  is  as  a  hedge  plant 
that  it  has  most  value.  See  Hedges. 

51 


MAGNOLIA 

NATIVE    SORTS 

Among  the  flowering  trees  useful  for  street  or  park  planting,  these  stand  pre- 
eminent. Their  stately  forms,  hardiness,  grand,  heavy  foliage,  large,  showy  flowers 
and  fruits,  form  an  unequaled  combination. 

M.  acuminata.  Cucumber  Tree.  (L  r)  Forms  a  fine  pyramidal - 
shaped  tree.  The  flowers  are  yellowish  white,  appearing  in  June.  The  fruit, 
when  green,  resembles  a  small  cucumber,  but  when  ripe  is  of  a  deep  scarlet. 
An  excellent  avenue  or  lawn  tree. 

M.  Fraseri.  Frazer's  Magnolia.  (Mr)  A  rather  slender,  pyramidal 
tree,  with  wide-spreading  branches.  The  foliage  is  a  good  green,  and  shows 
to  advantage  the  yellowish  white,  sweetly  scented  flowers,  and  in  autumn  the 
rose-colored  fruit. 

M.  glauca.  Sweet  or  Swamp  Magnolia.  (S s)  A  beautiful  tree,  of  fair 
size  when  planted  in  damp  ground.  The  foliage  is  thick,  deep  green  and 
glossy,  and  the  sweet-scented  white  blossoms  in  June  are  lovely. 

M.  grandiflora.  Evergreen  Magnolia.  (S s)  An  evergreen  species,  hardy 
as  far  north  as  Philadelphia.  It  is  a  very  bushy  grower,  and  the  white  flowers 
show  well  against  the  thick,  glossy  dark  green  foliage. 

M.  macrophylla.  Great-leaved  Magnolia.  (M  v)  A  superb  species, 
of  medium  height  and  rounded  growth.  The  leaves  are  of  immense  size,  often 
two  feet  in  length.  The  flowers  are  also  very  large,  sometimes  10  or  12 
inches  in  diameter.  Its  tropical  appearance,  a  character  all  possess  to  more  or 
less  extent,  its  large  leaves,  flowers  and  scarlet  fruit  make  it  most  effective. 
We  have  two  very  fine  specimens  over  40  feet  in  height  on  our  grounds. 

M,  tripetala.  Umbrella  Tree.  (Mr)  An  open-headed  tree,  with  spreading 
branches  and  very  large  leaves.  The  flowers  in  June  vary  from  4  to  8  inches 
across,  and  the  oblong  fruit  is  rose-colored. 

CHINESE    SPECIES    AND    THEIR    HYBRIDS 

These  garden  sorts  flower  early ;  even  before  the  leaves  appear  their  gorgeous 
masses  of  colored  bloom  are  at  their  best,  and  their  fragrance  is  as  delicious  as  their 
grand  display  of  color  is  pleasing.  They  transplant  best  in  the  spring. 

M.  Alexandriana.  (Hybrid.)  Alexander's  Magnolia.  (Sm)  A  form 
closely  resembling  M.  Soulangeana ;  almost  identical  in  color  of  flower,  but 
blooms  a  few  days  earlier. 

M.  conspicua.  Chinese  White  Magnolia.  (S s)  A  highly  prized  spe- 
cies on  account  of  its  large  white  flowers,  which  open  about  the  middle  of 
April.  Shrub-like  growth  when  young,  but  attains  the  size  of  a  tree  in  time. 

M.  Kobus.  Thurber's  Japanese  Magnolia.  (S  m)  A  tree  of  bushy 
growth  and  pyramidal  form,  densely  branched.  The  flowers  of  creamy  yellow 
appear  early  in  May.  A  desirable  variety. 

M.  Lennei.  (Hybrid.)  Lenne's  Magnolia.  (Sm)  A  strong  grower; 
foliage  dark  green  ;  flowers  dark  rose-colored,  cup-shaped,  opening  in  May. 
Very  frequently  this  variety  will  produce  a  few  flowers  in  the  late  summer. 
One  of  the  best. 

52 


Liriodendron  Tulipifera.     See  page  51 


v 


Oxydendrum  arboreum.      See  page  55. 


Pyrus  baccata.      See  page  58. 


DECIDUOUS 


MAGNOLIA.    CHINESE    SPECIES    AND    THEIR    HYBRIDS,    continued 

M.  Norbertiana.  (Hybrid.)  Norbert's  Magnolia.  (S m)  Similar  to  M. 
Soulangeana,  but  flowers  are  more  deeply  tinted  and  it  blooms  later. 

M.  purpurea;  syn.,  obovata.  Purple  Magnolia.  (D s)  A  very  bushy 
sort.  Flowers  a  deep  purplish  pink,  darker  than  any  of  the  others.  One  of 
the  latest  to  bloom. 

M.  Soulangeana.  (Hybrid.)  Soulange's  Magnolia.  (S m)  A  hardy, 
vigorous  grower,  with  large,  glossy  foliage  and  deep  cup-shaped  white  flowers, 
pink  inside,  opening  in  April.  One  of  the  best  garden  Magnolias. 

M.  speciosa.  (Hybrid.)  Showy-flowered  Magnolia.  (S m)  Closely  re- 
sembles M.  Soulangeana,  but  flowers  very  late  ;  blooms  smaller  and  of  a  deeper 
color. 

M.  stellata;  syn.,  Halleana.  Hall's  Japanese  Magnolia.  (D s)  Of  low 
and  shrub-like  form  ;  the  flowers  are  pure  white,  the  petals  long,  narrow  and 
arranged  in  double  rows  ;  the  fragrance  is  pronounced  and  delicate.  Blooms 
earlier  than  any  other  Magnolia,  and  is  very  striking. 

MORUS.      Mulberry 

M.  alba.  White  Mulberry.  (Mm)  A  bushy -topped  tree  with  light  green 
foliage,  bearing  white  or  sometimes  violet-colored  fruit. 

M,  alba,  var.  Tatarica  alba.  White -fruited  Russian  Mulberry.  (Sm) 
A  spreading,  low-headed  tree  with  light  green,  deeply  lobed  leaves  and  bear- 
ing creamy  white  fruit. 

M.  alba,  var.  Tatarica  rubra.  Red  Russian  Mulberry.  (S m)  Character- 
istics same  as  those  of  the  foregoing,  but  fruit  is  deep  reddish  purple. 

M.  alba,  var.  Tatarica  pendula.  Teas'  Weeping  Mulberry.  (D  v)  A 
beautiful  variety  that  we  recommend  as  one  of  the  thriftiest,  hardiest  and  most 
ornamental  of  weeping  trees.  The  branches  are  extremely  long  and  slender, 
the  foliage  light  green  and  deeply  lobed ;  fruit  reddish  purple. 

NEGUNDO.     See    Acer   Negundo 

NYSSA 

N.  sylvatica;  syn.,  multiflora.  Tupelo,  or  Sour  Gum.  (M v)  A 
picturesque  hardy  ornamental  tree,  valued  for  its  flaming  scarlet  autumn  foliage. 
A  good  grower  in  any  soil,  but  attains  its  largest  size  in  damp  or  swampy 
ground. 

OXYDENDRUM 

O.  arboreum ;  syn.,  Andromeda  arborea.  Sorrel  Tree.  (Sm)  One  of 
the  most  ornamental  trees  in  cultivation.  The  thick,  oblong  foliage  of  dark 
glossy  green  is  highly  attractive  at  all  seasons,  and  in  the  autumn  it  colors 
brilliant  crimson.  The  flowers,  in  July,  are  borne  in  dense  panicles  resembling 
small  lily-of-the-valley  blooms.  A  valuable  tree  for  shrubberies  and  along 
the  borders  of  woods.  It  stands  shade  well  and  is  of  easy  culture.  (See 
plate  on  page  53.) 

55 


PARROTIA 

P.  Persica.  Persian  Iron  Tree.  (Ss)  A  dense -growing  tree  with  spread- 
ing branches,  forming  a  rounded  oval  top.  The  tree  closely  resembles  the 
English  beech,  its  foliage  being  of  same  size,  shape  and  color,  and  in  the  fall 
turns  to  brilliant  shades  of  yellow  and  crimson.  Thrives  best  in  well-drained 
soil. 

PERSICA.     Peach 

P.  vulgaris,  var.  alba  plena.  Double  White-flowering  Peach.  (S m) 
A  flowering  Peach,  bearing  dense  clusters  of  very  beautiful  large  double  white 
blossoms  in  May. 

P.  vulgaris,  var.  sanguinea  plena.  Double  Red-flowering  Peach.  (Sm) 
Similar  to  the  above,  but  with  semi-double  bright  red  flowers  in  May. 

P.  vulgaris,  var.  foliis  purpureis.  Purple -leaved  Peach.  (Sm)  The 
foliage  of  this  variety  is  a  deep  blood-red  color  in  the  spring,  changing  to  a 
deep  purplish  green  in  late  autumn.  Flowers  are  rose-colored  and  single. 

P.  vulgaris,  var.  pyramidalis.  Pyramidal  Peach.  (S s)  Of  exception- 
ally fastigiate  form,  densely  covered  with  bright  rose-pink  single  flowers. 

PHELLODENDRON 

P.  Amurense.  Chinese  Cork  Tree.  (L  r)  Of  rapid  growth  when 
young,  forming  a  low,  round  head,  but  becoming  eventually  a  large  tree  of 
spreading  form.  Foliage  is  large;  flowers  greenish  white,  borne  in  terminal 
panicles.  Stands  drought  and  heat  well. 

PLATANUS.     Plane 

P.  occidentalis.  Buttonwood ;  American  Plane.  (L  r)  Of  broad,  round  - 
topped  form,  and  one  of  the  most  massive  and  picturesque  of  American  trees. 
The  bark  on  the  trunk  is  brown,  but  upon  the  branches  there  are  patches  of 
grayish  green  and  sometimes  creamy  white.  Extremely  effective  in  winter, 
when  the  varied  bark  shows  strong.  A  useful  field  or  avenue  tree,  but  for 
city  planting  not  as  desirable  as  P.  orientalis. 

P.  orientalis.  Oriental  Plane,  or  Buttonwood.  (L  r)  This  variety  was 
not  widely  used  here  until  we  called  attention  to  its  desirable  features  in  1892. 
Similar  to  P.  occidentalis,  but  superior  to  it  in  every  way,  and  better  for  street 
planting.  One  of  the  finest  avenue  trees  in  Europe,  and  popular  in  this 
country  not  only  for  its  rapid  growth  and  fine  head,  but  also  for  the  fact  that 
it  is  entirely  free  from  worms  or  insects.  Especially  desirable  for  smoky  places. 
The  bark  on  the  trunk  and  branches  is  a  darker  greenish  brown  than  that  of 
P.  o$cidentalis,  and  the  leaves  are  smaller  and  deeply  cut.  (See  plate  on 
page  64.) 

POPULUS.     Poplar 

A  class  of  rapid-growing  trees,  valuable  for  quick  effects  and  for  screens,  while 
P.  Eolkana  and  nigra,  var.  fastigiata  are  extremely  useful  in  formal  gardening. 

P.  alba,  var.  Bolleana.  Bolle's  Poplar.  (L  r)  A  variety  closely  resem- 
bling the  Lombardy  Poplar  ;  of  fastigiate  form  ;  bark  grayish  green  ;  the  upper 
side  of  the  foliage  is  dull  dark  green,  while  the  under  side  is  silvery  white. 

56 


DECIDUOUS 


POPULUS,    continued 

P.  monilifera;  syn.,  Carolinensis.  Carolina  Poplar.  (Mr)  A  quick  - 
growing  variety  with  gray-green  bark  and  bright  green,  heart-shaped  foliage. 
A  desirable  variety  for  screening  unsightly  buildings  and  for  temporary  plant- 
ing to  secure  immediate  effects. 

P.  monilifera,  var.  Van  Geertii.  Van  Geert's  Golden  Poplar.  (Mr) 
A  form  of  P.  monilifera,  with  bright  golden  yellow  foliage,  holding  the  color 
well  throughout  the  season. 

P.  nigra,  var.  fastigiata.  Lombardy  Poplar.  (L  r)  A  well -known  Italian 
variety.  An  upright  and  extremely  rapid  grower,  with  small  bright  pale  green 
leaves,  lighter  beneath.  Valuable  for  formal  work  in  connection  with  build- 
ings or  gardens,  and  an  excellent  avenue  or  lawn  tree.  In  the  latter  case  its 
tall,  spiral  form  tends  to  break  and  relieve  the  rounded  outlines  of  other  trees, 
which  are  likely  to  be  in  the  majority  in  such  planting.  (See  plate  on  page  54.) 

PRUNUS       (See,    also,    Cerasus) 

P.  Pissardii.  Purple -leaved  Plum.  (S  s)  One  of  the  most  beautiful 
hardy  trees,  and  an  ornament  to  any  lawn  from  spring  until  late  fall.  During 
May  it  is  covered  with  blush-pink  blossoms,  which  harmonize  exquisitely  with 
the  pinkish  purple  foliage  of  early  spring.  The  purple  foliage,  not  being 
affected  by  the  hot  sun,  deepens  during  the  summer  months  and  retains  its 
color  late  in  November. 

P.  triloba.  Flowering  Plum.  (Ss)  A  desirable  variety,  usually  grafted 
on  stems  5  to  6  feet  in  height,  and  used  as  a  standard.  See,  also,  Shrubs. 

PTELEA.     Hop  Tree 

Very  choice  lawn  trees  of  small  size,  with  handsome  deep  green,  glossy  trifoliate 
leaves,  which,  if  bruised,  exhale  a  pleasant,  hop-like  odor.  This  odor  is  especially 
noticeable  in  the  seeds,  which  are  borne  in  dense,  showy  clusters  in  late  summer. 
They  are  of  easiest  culture  in  any  soil.  The  Golden  variety  is  an  introduction  of 
the  first  merit. 

P.  trifoliata.  Hop  Tree.  (Ds)  A  round-headed,  loosely  branched  tree, 
with  glossy  green  foliage  ;  adorned  in  the  fall  with  numerous  clusters  of  light 
green  fruit-pods.  Prefers  a  shaded  position  and  moist  soil. 

P.  trifoliata,  var.  aurea.  Golden  Hop  Tree.  (Ds)  One  of  the  showiest 
golden-foliaged  trees  in  cultivation.  The  peculiar  glossy  surface  of  the  foliage 
gives  an  appearance  that  the  leaves  have  been  varnished.  It  is  one  of  the 
highest  colored  golden-foliaged  plants,  retaining  its  color  all  summer.  White 
flowers  in  June. 

PTEROSTYRAX 

P.  hispidum ;  syn.,  Halesia  hispida.  (Sm)  An  open-headed  tree  with 
slender,  spreading  branches,  bearing  long  racemes  of  white  flowers  in  June. 

P.  hispida;  syn.,  Halesia.  A  very  showy,  open-headed  tree  with  light 
green  foliage,  and  bearing  in  June  drooping  panicles  of  fragrant  white  flowers, 
resembling  those  of  the  deutzia. 

57 


PYRUS.      Flowering   Crab     (see,  also, 

P.  baccata.  Siberian  Flowering  Crab  Apple.  (M  v)  A  small  spreading 
tree  with  compact  crown  ;  flowers  usually  white  ;  fruit  yellowish,  tinged  with 
red,  about  the  size  of  a  cherry.  Extremely  hardy.  (See  plate  on  page  53.) 

P.  coronaria.  Sweet-scented  Crab.  (Sm)  A  low,  bushy  tree  with  stiff, 
crooked,  thorny  branches.  In  May  it  bears  very  ornamental,  sweet-scented, 
rosy  red  or  blush  flowers. 

P.  floribunda.  Flowering  Crab.  (D s)  An  ornamental  sort;  valuable 
for  its  May  flowers,  rosy  red  in  bud  but  opening  white,  and  beautiful  fruit  in 
the  autumn. 

P.  loensis,  var.  Bechtel.  BechtePs  Double -flowering  Crab.  One  of  the 
most  ornamental  and  of  recent  introduction.  It  is  a  good  grower,  with  good 
foliage  and  beautiful  large  double  flowers  of  delicate  blush  or  shell-pink  color, 
and  highly  perfumed.  It  should  be  in  every  collection. 

P.  Parkmani;  syn.,  Halliana.  Parkman's  Crab.  (D s)  A  compact 
grower,  with  dark  green  foliage,  which  is  retained  very  late.  In  April  its  half- 
double  rose-colored  blossoms  are  equally  attractive  in  bud  and  flower. 

P.  spectabilis.  Chinese  Double -flowering  Crab.  (Sm)  One  of  the 
showiest  flowering  Apples,  bearing  in  May  sweet-scented  double  white 
flowers,  coral-red  in  the  bud. 

P.  spectabilis,  var.  rosea  flore  pleno.  Double  Rose -flowered  Crab. 
(S  m)  Similar  to  the  above,  but  flowers  are  a  deep  rose-color. 

P.  Toringo.  Dwarf  Crab.  (D  s)  A  tree  with  small  white  or  blush 
flowers  in  spring  and  small  yellow  fruit  in  fall.  The  color  of  the  fall  foliage  is 
also  good. 

QUERCUS.      Oak 

No  tree  is  more  majestic  and  picturesque  than  a  grand  old  Oak,  but  one  must  not 
think  that  the  generation  which  plants  Oaks  cannot  enjoy  their  beauty,  for  although 
their  growth  is  at  first  slow,  if  planted  in  good  soil  they  will  outgrow  many  other 
trees.  Few  trees  have  so  many  good  characteristics  ;  they  are  hardy,  lasting,  always 
symmetrical,  adapted  to  a  variety  of  soils,  and  transplant  easily. 

Q.  alba.  White  Oak.  (Lm)  A  tree  with  spreading  branches,  forming  a 
broad,  open  head.  Bark  light  gray ;  leaves  narrow-obtuse,  bright  green  above 
and  glaucescent  beneath.  The  foliage  takes  on  a  deep  purple  color  in  fall. 
One  of  the  noblest  trees  of  the  northern  states  and  a  beautiful  lawn  tree, 
requiring  space  for  its  best  development. 

Q.  bicolor.  Swamp  White  Oak.  (Lm)  A  round-topped,  open-headed 
tree  with  grayish  brown  scaly  bark  and  dark  green  foliage,  which  turns  bronzy 
brown  in  the  fall  and  remains  on  the  tree  late  in  the  winter.  A  good  lawn  or 
field  tree. 

Q.  Cerris.  Turkey  Oak.  (Lm)  A  broad,  pyramidal,  open-headed  tree 
with  short,  spreading  branches.  The  oblong  leaves  are  dark  green.  A  very 
ornamental  variety. 

Q.  coccinea.  Scarlet  Oak.  (L  r)  A  grand  round-topped  tree  with  bright 
green,  deeply  cut  foliage,  which  turns  to  brilliant  scarlet  in  the  autumn.  De- 
sirable for  lawn  or  street  planting. 

58 


DECIDI/OUS 


QUE-RCUS,    continued 

Q.  imbricaria.  Laurel  Oak.  (Ls)  A  round-topped  tree,  somewhat 
pyramidal  when  young.  Branches  slender  and  pendulous.  The  oblong, 
laurel-like  leaves  are  dark  and  glossy  and  the  rich,  reddish  bronze  autumn 
foliage  very  handsome.  A  grand  lawn  tree. 

Q.  macrocarpa.  Mossy  Cup  Oak.  (L  r)  A  broad-headed  tree,  with 
spreading  branches  and  light  brown,  corky  bark.  The  large,  shining,  bright 
green  leaves  take  a  deep  bronze  fall  color.  The  cup  of  the  large  acorn  is  very 
deep  and  mossy. 

Q.  palustris.  Pin  Oak.  (L  r)  A  round -topped  tree,  quite  pyramidal  in 
its  younger  stages.  Growth  very  upright ;  branches  long  and  somewhat  pen- 
dulous ;  foliage  dark  green,  deeply  cut,  and  in  the  autumn  turning  to  spark- 
ling gold  and  crimson  shades.  Unsurpassed  for  fall  color.  Transplants 
easily,  grows  well  in  wet  or  dry  ground,  and  is  one  of  the  very  finest  trees  for 
lawn  planting.  (See  plate  on  page  63.) 

Q.  pedunculata,  var.  Concordia.  Golden  Oak.  (Mm)  A  spreading, 
broad-topped  tree,  with  oblong,  golden  yellow  foliage. 

Q.  Phellos.  Willow  Oak.  (Ms)  Of  rather  conical  form,  with  slender 
branches  and  short,  narrow,  bright  green  leaves,  which  turn  yellow  in  the  fall. 
A  tree  of  willowy  aspect,  preferring  a  moist  soil. 

Q.  Prinus.  Rock  Chestnut  Oak.  (L  r)  A  broad,  irregular  tree,  with 
deeply  ridged  brown  bark.  The  long,  light  green  leaves  closely  resemble 
those  of  the  American  chestnut,  and  it  takes  for  its  fall  color  shades  of  scarlet, 
bronze  and  golden  yellow.  A  good  grower  in  light,  dry  soils. 

Q.  Robur.  English  Oak.  (Mm)  A  round-headed,  spreading  tree,  with 
long,  divided  foliage  of  light  green,  which  is  retained  very  late. 

Q.  Robur,  var.  fastigiata.  Pyramidal  English  Oak.  (Ss)  A  form  of 
very  upright  growth.  Foliage  smaller  and  less  deeply  cut  than  Q.  robur. 
A  good  tree  for  small  places  and  formal  plantings. 

Q.  rubra.  Red  Oak.  (Lr)  A  broad,  symmetrical,  spreading  tree,  with 
stout  branches.  The  dark  green  foliage  is  very  rich,  and  turns  to  bronzy  red 
in  the  autumn.  One  of  the  best  Oaks  for  lawn  planting  and  unsurpassed  for 
street  use.  Transplants  easily  and  is  adapted  to  various  soils. 

Q.  velutina;  syn.,  tinctoria.  Black  Oak.  (Lr)  A  narrow,  open- 
headed  tree,  with  rather  slender  branches  and  broad,  dull  green  leaves,  not 
much  divided.  A  good  sort  for  dry  soils  and  for  street  or  lawn  planting. 

RHUS.       Sumac 

Trees  with  ornamental  foliage,  and  in  some  instances  showy  flowers  in  dense 
spikes,  followed  by  ornamental  fruits.  These  sorts  are  especially  valuable  for 
grouping  with  other  trees  and  shrubs  for  foliage  effects,  as  the  autumn  colors  are 
brilliant.  Adapted  to  a  great  variety  of  soils  and  situations. 

R.  glabra.  Smooth  Sumac.  (Sm)  This  forms  a  broad,  low,  open  head. 
The  leaves  are  long  and  narrow  ;  flowers  yellowish  white,  in  terminal  panicles; 
fruit  crimson.  A  desirable  sort  for  specimen  or  mass  planting. 

59 


RHUS,    continued 

R.  glabra,  var.  laciniata.  Cut-leaved  Sumac.  (D  s)  A  beautiful  low 
variety  of  the  preceding,  with  leaves  of  very  large  size,  deeply  cut,  and  droop- 
ing gracefully  from  the  branches.  Autumnal  color  a  rich  red. 

R.  semialata,  var.  Osbeckii.  Osbeck's  Chinese  Sumac.  (Sm)  A  fine 
broad-headed  tree,  with  deep  glossy  green  foliage,  of  subtropical  appearance, 
which  in  autumn  turns  to  shades  of  red  and  orange.  The  broad,  terminal 
panicles  of  creamy  white  flowers  in  July  add  much  to  its  beauty. 

R.  typhina.  Staghorn  Sumac.  (S  r)  A  densely  hairy  species,  with  ob- 
long-lanceolate leaves  ;  flowers  in  dense,  terminal  panicles  and  fruit  in  red 
clusters.  Fall  color  of  foliage  is  most  brilliant.  A  good  grower  in  light,  dry 
soils,  and  useful  for  planting  on  steep  banks. 

ROBINIA.      Locust 

Showy-foliaged  trees,  adapted  to  most  soils,  and  thriving  particularly  well  in 
poor,  dry  situations.  All  with  showy  flowers,  borne  in  dense,  drooping  panicles, 
and  very  abundant. 

R.  Pseudacacia.  Black  Locust.  (Lr)  An  ornamental  tree,  with  long, 
oval  leaves,  producing  racemes  of  fragrant  white  flowers  in  June.  (See  plate 
on  page  54.) 

R.  Pseudacacia,  var.  foliis  aureis.  Golden-leaved  Locust.  (Mr)  A 
form  of  the  above,  with  foliage  of  a  rich  golden  yellow,  which,  combined  with 
its  lace-like  appearance,  makes  it  one  of  the  handsomest  ornamental  trees. 


SALISBURIA 

S.  adiantifolia.  Gingko,  or  Maidenhair  Tree.  (Mr)  An  ornamental 
variety  of  vigorous  growth,  with  clean,  straight  trunk  and  irregularly  disposed 
branches  ;  bark  clean  and  pretty  ;  foliage  leathery,  closely  resembling  in  shape 
the  Maidenhair  Fern. 

SALIX.     Willow 

One  of  the  most  valuable  classes  of  ornamental  trees  and  adapted  to  various 
soils  and  situations.  They  are  mostly  rapid  growers,  with  good  foliage,  their  bright 
bark  giving  distinct  and  pleasing  winter  effects.  Indeed  there  are  few  trees  of 
which  the  varieties  can  be  used  to  such  good  advantage  for  the  winter  color  of  their 
bark.  The  Royal,  Weeping,  Golden  Weeping,  Laurel-leaved,  Yellow  and  Salmon- 
barked  Willows,  give  all  shades  of  greens  and  yellows,  and  the  latter  variety  shades 
off  into  deep,  rich,  bronzy  red. 

S.  alba,  var.  regalis.  Royal  Willow.  (L  r)  A  strong,  sturdy  and  very 
hardy  variety.  Its  silver-gray  foliage  is  rich  and  ornamental. 


Weeping  Willow.      (Lr)     Probably  the  best  known  of 
The  long  and  slender  branches   give   it  a   graceful,  weeping 


S.  Babylonica. 

the  Willows. 
habit. 

S.  caprea.  Goat  Willow.  (Sv)  Sometimes  known  as  the  Pussy 
Willow,  from  its  fuzzy  catkins  or  aments,  which  expand  before  the  leaves 
appear.  A  most  useful  variety  for  early  effects. 

60 


DECIDUOUS 


SALIX,    continued 

S.  caprea,  var.  pendula.  Kilmarnock  Willow.  A  weeping  form,  usually 
grafted  on  4-  to  6-foot  stems,  when  it  forms  an  umbrella-shaped  top.  Care 
must  be  taken  not  to  allow  the  stock  upon  which  it  is  grafted  to  sprout. 

S.  elegantissima.  Thurlow's  Willow.  (Lr)  A  spreading,  drooping 
tree  with  grayish  green  bark  and  foliage  similar  to  S.  Babylonica,  but  said  to  be 
hardier  in  the  northern  states. 

S.  incana;  syn.,  rosmarinifolia.  Rosemary  Willow.  (Ds)  A  dwarf 
sort,  with  long,  slender  branches  and  light  grayish  green  foliage.  Usually 
grafted  on  5-  to  6-foot  stems  and  used  as  standards,  when  they  form  a  dense, 
round  top.  Useful  in  formal  plantings. 

S.  laurifolia.     See  S.  pentandra. 

S.  lutea.  Golden  Willow.  (L  r)  A  strong,  upright  grower,  with  slim, 
pendulous  branches,  light  green  foliage  and  beautiful  clean  bright  golden 
yellow  bark.  This  is  one  of  the  finest  Willows ;  excellent  for  lawn  or  field 
planting,  and  of  special  value  for  its  winter  effect,  as  the  bright  bark  shows  in 
strong  contrast  with  the  greens  and  browns  of  other  trees. 

S.  lutea,  var.  pendula.  Golden  Weeping  Willow.  (Lr)  A  form  of  the 
above,  with  graceful,  drooping  branches.  The  habit  is  good  and  the  color 
unsurpassed.  A  valuable  sort  for  winter  effects. 

S.  pentandra.  Bay-,  or  Laurel-leaved  Willow.  (M v)  An  ornamental 
variety  of  upright  growth,  forming  a  round  head.  Bark  is  brownish  green  ; 
foliage  of  a  deep  shining  green,  closely  resembling  that  of  the  laurel.  A 
valuable  tree  for  seashore  planting,  and  thrives  equally  well  in  high  or  low 
ground. 

S.  purpurea.  Purple  Osier  Willow.  (Ds)  A  spreading  tree  with  long, 
flexible  branches  ;  leaves  long  and  slender ;  bark  deep  purplish  red.  Very 
effective  in  winter. 

S.  purpurea,  var.  pendula.  New  American  Willow.  (D  s)  A  slow- 
growing  form  of  purpurea,  generally  used  as  standards  by  grafting  on  5-  or 
6-foot  stems,  when  it  forms  an  interesting  and  decorative  plant.  The  habit  is 
very  graceful. 

S.  Sieboldii.  Siebold's  Willow.  (Mr)  A  dense,  heavy -branched  tree, 
with  brownish  green  bark  blotched  with  gray. 

S.  vitellina.  Yellow  Willow.  (Lm)  A  good  grower,  forming  a  rounded 
head.  The  bark  is  yellow,  that  of  the  newer  growth  very  bright,  and  the  foli- 
age is  light  green.  Showy  in  the  winter  months. 

S.  vitellina,  var.  Britzensis.  Salmon-barked  Willow.  (Lm)  A  form 
of  S.  vitellina,  but  bark  on  the  younger  growth  is  a  salmon-yellow,  deepening 
in  shade  to  bronzy  red  in  the  winter  months. 

SASSAFRAS 

S.  officinalis.  A  spreading,  round-topped  tree,  with  bark  varying  from 
brown  to  light  green.  The  foliage  is  bright  green,  oddly  shaped,  and  in  the 
autumn  turns  to  brilliant  orange-yellow  and  crimson.  A  picturesque  native, 
which  is  quite  useful  for  ornamental  planting. 

61 


ANDORRA  WHRiSERZES 
Ch&stnut&ill,  'Philadelphia 


SOPHORA 

S.  Japonica.  Japanese  Sophora.  (Mm)  One  of  the  finest  of  orna- 
mental-flowering trees,  being  elegant  in  its  shining  green  foliage,  and  in 
August,  when  covered  with  clusters  of  white  bloom,  is  highly  attractive.  It 
has  such  a  different  style  of  growth  from  that  of  most  other  trees  that  it  is 
indispensable  in  both  large  and  small  gardens.  For  a  lawn  this  is  a  really 
perfect  tree. 

S.  Japonica,  var.  pendula.  Weeping  Sophora.  (Ss)  This  distinctively 
graceful  drooping  tree  is  well  known  only  to  a  few.  Its  succession  of  curves, 
each  overlapping  the  former  one,  and  its  beautiful  trusses  of  refreshing  light  green 
foliage  are  really  superb.  In  August  it  is  covered  with  numerous  clusters  of 
creamy  white  flowers. 

SORBUS.      Mountain  Ash 

A  class  of  showy,  medium-sized  trees,  of  great  beauty  of  foliage  and  fruit ; 
adapted  to  all  soils  and  situations.  This  tree  seldom  requires  pruning,  takes  up 
but  little  room,  and  is  especially  valuable  for  small  places. 

S.  Americana.  American  Mountain  Ash.  (Sm)  A  compact,  oval- 
headed  tree,  with  dark  green,  compound  foliage  and  showy  clusters  of  bright 
red  berries. 

S.  Aucuparia.  European  Mountain  Ash.  (S  m)  A  pretty  tree,  with 
fine,  pinnate  foliage  ;  bears  numerous  clusters  of  bright  red  berries,  which 
are  very  conspicuous  and  handsome  from  midsummer  till  frost. 

S.  Aucuparia,  var.  pendula.  Weeping  European  Mountain  Ash.  (D  m) 
A  beautiful  variety  of  decidedly  pendulous  habit  ;  covered  from  July  until 
winter  with  great  clusters  of  bright  scarlet  berries. 

S.  Aucuparia,  var.  quercifolia.  Oak-leaved  Mountain  Ash.  (Sm)  A 
hardy  tree,  of  fine,  pyramidal  habit.  Foliage  deeply  lobed,  bright  green 
above  and  downy  beneath.  One  of  the  finest  lawn  trees. 

TAXODIUM 

T.  distichum.  Deciduous  Cypress.  (L  r)  A  beautiful  stately  tree  of 
pyramidal  form.  The  branches  are  covered  with  bright  brown  bark,  and  the 
beautiful  feathery  foliage  makes  it  one  of  the  most  ornamental  trees  offered. 
It  should  be  more  extensively  planted. 

TILIA.     Linden 

T.Americana.  American  Linden,  or  Basswood.  (L  r)  A  vigorous 
grower  of  pyramidal  habit  when  young,  but  eventually  a  large,  round-headed 
tree.  Its  foliage  is  very  large  and  of  a  light  green  color.  One  of  the  best 
ornamental  trees;  valuable  for  avenues  and  most  useful  as  a  specimen.  (See 
plate  on  page  63.) 

T.  argentea;  syn.,  tomentosa.  Silver-leaved  Linden.  (L  r)  A  vigor- 
ous growing  tree  of  pyramidal  form,  with  cordate  acuminate  leaves,  downy 
beneath  and  smooth  above.  It  is  particularly  noticeable  among  other  trees  by 
its  white  appearance.  Its  handsome  form,  growth  and  foliage  render  it  worthy, 
in  our  opinion,  to  be  classed  among  the  finest  of  ornamental  trees. 

62 


Tilia  Americana.      See  page  62. 


Quercus  palustris.     See  page  59. 


Platanus  orientalis.     See  page  56. 


TILIA,    continued 

T.  dasystyla.  Crimean  Linden.  (Mm)  A  variety  of  fine  form,  with 
thick,  deep  green,  glossy  foliage.  The  bright  green  bark  of  the  younger 
growth  shows  well  in  winter. 

T.  platyphyllos.  Large-leaved  Linden.  (L  r)  A  broad-topped  tree, 
with  foliage  larger  than  any  other  variety  of  this  family.  It  flowers  quite  early 
in  the  spring.  A  desirable  avenue  or  lawn  tree. 

T.  platyphyllos,  var.  aurea.  Golden-barked  Linden.  (Mm)  A  va- 
riety in  which  the  younger  growth  is  bright  yellow,  therefore  distinct  and 
attractive  in  winter. 

T.  vulgaris ;  syn.,  Europaea.  European  Linden.  (L  m)  A  vigorous 
grower,  not  as  large  as  T.  platyphyllos  and  blooms  later.  The  foliage  is  smaller 
and  green  on  both  sides. 

T.  vulgaris,  var.  rubra.  Red -barked  Linden.  (Mm)  This  variety  forms 
a  dense  round-topped  tree.  The  bark  on  branches  is  a  dark  purplish  red  and 
very  showy  in  winter.  The  foliage,  of  medium  size,  is  dark  green. 

ULMUS.      Elm 

An  exceptionally  desirable  class  of  trees,  requiring  a  rich,  moist  soil  for  their 
best  development.  They  are  excellent  lawn  trees,  and  the  American,  English  and 
Huntingdon  Elms  are  valuable  for  street  and  avenue  planting.  It  is  throughout 
New  England  that  we  find  the  finest  specimens,  and  the  grand  avenues  planted 
with  these  trees  in  many  of  the  eastern  cities  have  become  so  well  known  that  the 
Elm  is  always  associated  with  New  England. 

U.  Americana.  American  Elm.  (Lr)  A  magnificent  native  tree,  with  a 
wide  arching  top  and  pendulous  branches.  The  rough  leaves  are  dull  green. 
One  of  the  most  characteristic  and  picturesque  of  American  trees. 

U.  campestris.  English  Elm.  (Lm)  A  round -topped  and  sometimes 
open-headed  tree,  generally  densely  branched.  The  dark  green  leaves  remain 
much  longer  in  the  autumn  than  those  of  the  American  variety. 

U.  campestris,  var.  latifolia ;  syn.,  major.  Broad-leaved  English  Elm. 
(L  r)  A  good  strong  grower.  The  foliage  larger  than  that  of  the  species  and 
expands  very  early  in  the  spring. 

U.  scabra;  syn.,  montana.  Scotch,  or  Wych  Elm.  (L  r)  This  forms 
a  broad,  round-topped  head,  with  heavy,  spreading  branches.  Perfectly  hardy 
and  an  extremely  good  sort. 

U.  scabra,  var.  Huntingdoni.  Huntingdon  Elm.  (Lr)  An  excellent, 
vigorous  grower  of  erect  habit.  Bark  smooth ;  foliage  dark  green.  One  of 
the  best. 

U.  scabra,  var.  pendula.  Camperdown  Elm.  (Ds)  A  dwarf  form,  used 
as  a  standard  by  grafting  on  6-  to  8-foot  stems,  when  it  forms  a  broad,  spread- 
ing, umbrella-shaped  top.  One  of  the  best  weepers. 

U.  scabra,  var.  purpurea.  Purple  Wych  Elm.  (Mm)  A  neat-growing 
form,  with  purple  foliage.  Somewhat  smaller  than  U.  scabra. 

VIRGILIA.      See    Cladrastis 

65 


Chestnut-im,  'Philadelphi 


MEMORANDA 


THE  beauty  of  any  grounds  can  be  greatly  enhanced  by  judicious  plantations 
of  Hardy  Shrubs,  and  varieties  can  be  selected  that  will  give  flowers  through- 
out the  summer,  handsome  colored  foliage  in  autumn,  and  berries  lasting  well  into 
the  winter. 

ABBREVIATIONS 
Denoting  size:    L,  large;  M,  medium;   S,  small;  D,  dwarf;   VD,  very  dwarf. 

ABELIA 

A.  floribunda.  (S)  A  free -flowering,  half -evergreen  shrub,  with  dark 
glossy  foliage  and  white  blossoms  blushed  with  pink.  Flowers  throughout  the 
summer.  Habit  pendulous  and  graceful. 

ACANTHOPANAX 

A.  spinosa;  syn.,  Aralia.  (L)  An  excellent  shrub,  with  slim  branches 
covered  with  sharp  thorns  and  shining,  bright  green  foliage.  Makes  a  grand 
hedge  plant  and  does  well  on  rocky,  hilly  banks. 

^SCULUS 

A.  parviflora ;  syn.,  Pavia  macrostachya.  (L)  A  dwarf  variety  of 
Horse-Chestnut  of  great  beauty.  Forms  a  broad  round  bush  with  deep  green 
foliage,  and  in  July  bears  a  mass  of  beautiful  upright  spikes  of  white  blossoms. 
(See  plate  on  page  70.) 

ALTHAEA.     See  Hibiscus 

AMELANCHIER 

A.  Botryapium.  Juneberry.  (S)  A  dwarf  shrub  with  glabrous  foliage, 
bearing  white  flowers  in  late  April,  followed  by  edible,  dark  red  berries. 
(See  plate  on  page  70.) 

AMORPHA 

A.  canescens.  Lead  Plant.  (S)  A  handsome  free -flowering  shrub. 
Habit  dense,  foliage  pinnate,  blue  flowers  in  dense  terminal  panicles  in  June. 
Useful  for  shrubberies  or  rockeries.  Prefers  a  sunny  and  well-drained 
position. 

A.  fruticosa.  False  Indigo.  (L)  A  large,  spreading  bush  with  pinnate 
leaves  and  slender  spikes  of  deep  purple  flowers,  which  bloom  in  June  after 
most  of  the  spring-flowering  shrubs  are  over. 

AMYGDALUS.     Almond.    See  Prunus 
ARONIA    FLORIBUNDA.     See   Pyrus 

67 


AZALEAS 

NATIVE    SORTS 

Beautiful  small-  and  medium-sized  shrubs,  well  adapted  for  shrubbery  borders 
and  rocky  places,  but  most  at  home  when  bordering  heavy  plantings  or  woods,  and 
in  damp  and  boggy  soils.  They  are  prolific  bloomers  and  the  flowers  are  useful 
for  cutting,  as  well  as  exceedingly  effective  on  the  plants. 

A.,  arborescens.  Fragrant  White  Azalea.  (M)  A  good  grower;  in 
June  bears  large  quantities  of  flowers,  white  tinged  with  rose,  and  very  fra- 
grant. Foliage  turns  to  crimson  in  the  fall.  (See  plate  on  page  75.) 

A.,  calendulacea.  Flame  Azalea.  (M)  One  of  the  showiest.  In  late 
May  and  June  the  orange-red  blossoms  make  the  whole  plant  a  blaze  of  color. 

A.  nudiflora.  Pinxter  Flower.  (S)  Perhaps  better  known  as  the 
"Woods  Honeysuckle."  Does  especially  well  in  swampy  places.  Deep 
pink  to  reddish  purple  flowers  in  May. 

A.  Vaseyi.  Southern  Azalea.  (M)  A  tall,  slim  grower,  bearing  rosy 
white  flowers  in  April  before  its  leaves  appear.  Foliage  colors  dark  crim- 
son in  the  fall. 

A.  viscosa.  White  Azalea.  This  sort  bears  fragrant  rosy  white  flowers 
in  late  June  or  July. 

AZALEA   MOLLIS    AND    GHENT    VARIETIES 

We  offer  a  splendid  collection  of  these  beautiful  shrubs,  including  only  the 
best  hardy  varieties  selected  from  a  large  number.  The  flowers  appear  in  great 
profusion  in  the  spring,  literally  covering  twig  and  branch  with  their  varied  and 
gorgeous  hues.  Planted  either  in  groups  or  borders  the  effect  is  charming.  Treat 
them  the  same  as  rhododendrons,  with  which  they  may  well  be  combined  to  a 
most  excellent  effect. 

A.  mollis.  (S)  This  is  a  race  of  excellent  habit  and  good  foliage,  pro- 
ducing large  trusses  of  flowers  of  all  shades  of  red,  white,  yellow  and  orange. 
The  flowers  are  larger  and  more  perfect  than  those  of  the  Pontica  varieties, 
and  resemble  those  of  the  early  rhododendrons.  They  are  perfectly  hardy, 
thriving  in  sunny  positions  anywhere  on  the  home  grounds. 

A.  Pontica.  Ghent.  (S)  The  flowers  appear  in  great  profusion  in  the 
spring,  literally  covering  twig  and  branch,  the  colors  ranging  from  white 
to  deep  crimson ;  many  of  them  are  fragrant. 

BACCHARIS 

A.  haiimifolia.      Groundsel  Shrub.     (L)      The   flower  is   a  snow-white 

pappus,  which  is  very  showy,  covering  the  p/ant  in  September.     A  good  plant 
for  the  seashore.     Thrives  best  in  sunny,  well-drained  situations. 

BENZOIN 

B.  odoriferum.     Spice  Bush.     (L)     A  strong- growing  shrub  with  bright 

green  foliage,  turning  to  bright  yellow  in  the  fall.     The  yellow  flowers  appear 
before  the  leaves  in  spring,  and  in  autumn  the  red  berries  are  quite  attractive. 

68 


•  I 


Office  of  Andorra  Nurseries. 


Hardy  Herbaceous  Plants  at  Andorra  Nurseries. 


No.  i.  Flowers  of  Amelanchier  Botryapium.     See  page  67. 

No.  2,  ^Esculus  parviflora  (Dwarf  Horse-chestnut).     See  page  67. 


DECID170173  SHRUBS 


BERBERIS.       Barberry 

One  of  the  most  useful  and  ornamental  species.  They  thrive  best  in  well- 
drained  positions,  even  when  quite  dry.  For  shrubberies  they  are  unsurpassed, 
giving  flower,  fruit  and  fall-colored  foliage,  while  for  hedges  their  close-growing 
habit  and  sharp  spines  make  a  desirable  combination.  They  stand  close  shearing 
but  give  best  effects  when  not  cut  too  closely. 

B.  buxifolia,  var.  nana ;  syn.,  dulcis.  (5)  A  free-flowering  shrub  of 
graceful  habit.  The  yellow  flowers  are  quite  showy  and  are  followed  by  black 
berries. 

B.  ilicifolia.  Holly-leaved.  (S)  A  good  grower  with  dark  glossy 
spiny  foliage,  which  remains  late  in  the  winter.  The  orange-yellow  flowers 
are  quite  showy. 

B.  Japonica.  Japanese  Barberry.  (M)  A  bushy  grower,  but  of  more 
open  form  and  less  branched  than  (B.  Thunbergii.  Foliage  somewhat  larger, 
and  colors  well  in  the  fall ;  crimson  berries.  An  excellent  hedge  plant. 

B.  Sinensis.  Chinese  Barberry.  (M)  A  handsome  form,  with  slender 
graceful  branches  and  very  spiny  bright  green  foliage,  which  turns  to  purplish 
bronze  in  the  fall.  Flowers  bright  yellow  ;  berries  blood-red. 

B.  Thunbergii.  Thunberg's  Japanese  Barberry.  (M)  Of  low,  spread- 
ing growth,  forming  a  dense  impenetrable  bush.  The  twiggy  branches  are 
set  with  very  small  sharp  thorns,  and  in  spring  are  covered  with  small  yellow 
flowers,  succeeded  by  brilliant  scarlet  berries  which  cling  through  the  winter. 
The  foliage  takes  a  splendid  autumn  coloring  of  gold  and  scarlet.  A  valuable 
hedge  plant,  especially  interesting  because  of  the  graceful  droop  of  its  branches. 

B.  vulgaris.  Common  Barberry.  (M)  An  upright  grower,  with  thorny 
branches  and  pretty  light  green  foliage.  The  yellow  flowers  of  early  summer 
are  followed  by  dark  red  berries.  Makes  a  good  hedge. 

B.  vulgaris,  var.  purpurea.      Purple  Barberry.     (M)     Similar  to  B.  vul- 

garis in  habit,  but  foliage  is  a  deep  purple.     A  showy  and  most  effective  shrub. 

CALLICARPA 

C.  purpurea.     Beauty-Fruit.     (5)     A  graceful  shrub  with    long,  slender 

branches,  bearing  small,  long,  drooping  flowers  in  August,  followed  by  violet- 
colored  berries  which  literally  cover  the  branches.  One  of  the  showiest 
shrubs  in  the  fall. 

CALYCANTHUS 

C.  floridus.  Allspice,  or  Sweet  Shrub.  (L)  Best  known  as  the  "  Sweet 
Shrub."  A  strong,  upright  grower  with  large,  handsome  foliage  and  fragrant 
purplish  brown  flowers.  Thrives  either  in  sunny  or  shady  places. 

CARAGANA 

C.  arborescens.  Siberian  Pea.  (L)  An  upright  grower  and  very  hardy. 
The  foliage  is  light  green,  and  the  bright  yellow  flowers  are  borne  in  profusion 
in  May  and  June. 

71 


CARYOPTERIS 

C.  Mastacanthus.  Blue  Spirea.  (S)  A  low  spreading  shrub  which 
sometimes  dies  back  to  the  ground  in  winter.  The  foliage  is  a  grayish  green, 
and  the  mass  of  August  flowers  are  violet-blue  and  very  effective. 

CEANOTHUS 

C.  Americanus.  Jersey  Tea.  (S)  An  upright -growing  shrub  with  bright 
green  foliage,  producing  white  flowers  in  June.  Valuable  for  dry  and  shady 
places. 

C.  Fendleri.  Colorado  Tea.  (VD)  Of  low,  almost  creeping  habit; 
foliage  almost  evergreen.  In  July  it  is  covered  with  small  spikes  of  pure 
white  flowers.  A  valuable  sort  for  covering  dry  or  sandy  banks  ;  perfectly 
hardy. 

CERCIS    (See   also    Deciduous   Trees) 

C.  Japonica.  Japan  Judas.  (L)  Generally  more  of  a  bush  than  tree. 
The  shining  dark  green  heart-shaped  foliage  is  thick  and  leathery,  and  the 
purplish  pink  flowers,  produced  before  the  leaves  appear,  cover  the  branches 
and  make  it  one  of  the  choicest  spring-flowering  shrubs. 

CHIONANTHUS 

C.  Virginica.  White  Fringe.  (L)  A  vigorous  grower,  with  large  dark 
green  foliage  and  bearing  beautiful  fringe-like  flowers  in  terminal  panicles  in 
late  May  and  June.  The  fruit  is  large  and  turns  to  dark  purple  in  the  fall. 

CITRUS 

C.  trifoliata;  syn.,  Limonia.  Hardy  Trifoliate  Orange.  (M)  A  vigor- 
ous, dense-growing  bush,  the  strong  branches  being  armed  with  long,  stiff 
thorns.  The  foliage  is  deep  glossy  green,  against  which  the  white  "orange 
blossoms"  are  very  showy.  Fruit  is  a  small  orange,  not  edible.  This  is  a 
most  valuable  and  impenetrable  defensive  hedge  plant,  though  it  has  been  but 
little  used  in  the  North.  We  recommend  it. 

CLETHRA 

C.  acuminata.  (L)  A  strong  grower  with  showy  racemes  of  white  flowers 
in  September.  Does  best  in  sandy  soil. 

C.  alnifolia.  Sweet  Pepper  Bush.  (M)  A  neat -growing  shrub,  with 
rich  green  foliage,  and  in  July  and  September  showy  spikes  of  fragrant  white 
flowers.  Grows  best  in  sandy  soil. 

COLUTEA 

C.  arbprescens.  Bladder  Senna.  (L)  A  rapid -growing  shrub,  with 
delicate  acacia-like  foliage  of  light  green.  The  yellow  and  brownish  red 
flowers  are  borne  in  long  racemes  during  the  summer  and  are  followed  by 
showy  red  seed-pods.  Thrives  best  in  a  dry,  sunny  position. 

72 


COMPTONIA 

C.  asplenifolia.  Sweet  Fern.  (VD)  An  attractive  shrub  with  scented, 
fern-like  foliage.  Valuable  as  an  undergrowth.  Will  grow  in  dry  soil. 

CORCHORUS 

C.  Japonicus,  Double.     See  Kerria. 

C.  Japonicus,  Single.  Globe  Flower.  (M)  A  very  neat  shrub  with 
bright  green,  pointed  leaves  and  large  yellow  blossoms  of  great  beauty.  No 
shrub  grows  easier  or  blooms  more  constantly.  Most  useful  for  planting 
on  banks  and  slopes. 

C.  Japonicus,  var.  variegata.  (5)  A  form  in  which  the  foliage  is  prettily 
marked  with  white.  The  flowers  are  yellow. 

CORNUS     (See    also    Trees) 

C.  alba.  Siberian  Dogwood.  (L)  A  strong  grower,  with  erect  stem  and 
stout,  bright  red  branches.  Useful  for  shrubberies,  and  for  winter  effects. 

C.  alba,  var.  aurea  variegata.  (M)  A  strong  grower,  with  coral -red 
bark  and  foliage  beautifully  marked  with  creamy  white. 

C.  alba,  var.  elegantissima.  Golden -leaved.  (M)  Similar  to  the  above. 
Foliage  marked  with  deep  yellow  and  holds  its  color  even  in  sunny  situations. 

C.  alternifolia.  (L)  A  very  distinct  and  graceful  form.  The  branches, 
arranged  in  whorls,  give  the  effect  of  lying  in  tiers.  The  bark  is  glossy. 
The  flowers  and  the  dark  blue  berries  which  follow  are  very  attractive. 

C.  Mas.  Cornelian  Cherry.  (L)  A  beautiful  shrub  of  dense  form, 
with  glossy  foliage  and  yellow  flowers  in  March  and  April,  followed  by  scarlet 
berries  in  the  fall. 

C.  sanguinea.  European  Osier  Dogwood.  (M)  This  variety  is  of  much 
lighter  and  more  upright  growth  than  C.  alba.  The  branches  are  deep  red  or 
purplish  red,  and  the  greenish  white  flowers  in  May  and  June  are  followed  by 
black  fruit  in  the  fall. 

C.  sanguinea,  var.  elegantissima  variegata.  (M)  One  of  the  most 
desirable  shrubs  with  variegated  foliage.  The  leaves  are  marked  with  white, 
contrasting  strongly  with  the  deep  red  bark. 

C.  sericea.  Silky  Dogwood.  (M)  A  variety  with  deep  red  bark  and 
foliage  dark  green  above  and  paler  beneath.  The  flowers  in  June  and  July 
are  followed  by  bluish  berries  in  autumn. 

C.  stolonifera.  Native  Red  Osier.  (M)  Bark  dark  red.  Flowers  in 
dense  cymes,  followed  by  white  berries. 

CORYLUS 

C.  Avellana,  var.  laciniata.  Cut -leaved  Hazel.  (L)  A  beautiful  shrub 
with  deeply  cut  foliage.  A  valuable  sort  for  shrubberies. 

C.  maxima,  var.  purpurea.  Purple  Hazel.  (L)  The  best  purple -foliaged 
shrub.  The  foliage  is  large  and  holds  its  color  throughout  the  summer. 

73 


COTON  EASTER    (See,    also,    Evergreen    Shrubs) 

C.  frigida,  yar.  bacillaris.  Staff-like.  (M)  A  stiff-growing  sort,  with 
small  foliage  and  dark  brown  berries. 

CRAT^EGUS.      See  Deciduous   Trees 

CYDONIA 

C.  Japonica.  Japan  Quince.  (M)  A  dense,  twiggy  bush,  its  branches 
covered  with  sharp,  stout  spines  and  dark,  glossy  foliage.  It  is  a  prolific 
bloomer,  and  in  May  the  plant  is  a  blaze  of  color.  The  quince-shaped,  fra- 
grant fruit  of  golden  yellow  remain  a  long  time  in  the  summer.  The  follow- 
ing named  sorts  are  true  to  color. 

C.  Japonica,  var.  alba.     Blush  white;   single. 

C.  Japonica,  var.  candidissima.     White;  single. 

C.  Japonica,  var.  grandiflora  rosea.     Rose. 

C.  Japonica,  var.  sanguinea  pleno.     Scarlet;   double. 

C.  Japonica,  var.  sulfurea  perfecta.     Pale  yellow. 

C.  Maulei,  var.  tricolor.  (FD)  The  foliage  is  prettily  marked  with 
creamy  white,  rose  and  pink.  The  colors  stand  well  in  the  sun  and  the  plant 
makes  an  attractive  border  to  larger  shrubbery. 

CYTISUS 

C.  purpurea.  (VD)  A  procumbent  shrub  with  dark  green  foliage  and 
purple  flowers  in  May  and  June,  followed  by  black  seed-pods.  A  good  plant 
for  the  border  of  shrubberies.  Useful  in  dry  and  gravelly  soils. 

C.  scoparius.  Scotch  Broom.  (M)  A  beautiful  plant  with  deep  green 
bark  and  foliage.  In  May  and  June  it  is  covered  with  bright  yellow,  pea- 
shaped  flowers.  Useful  for  covering  rocky  and  waste  places,  and  a  good  plant 
for  the  seashore. 

C.  scoparius,  var.  Andreanus.     (S)     A  form  not  as  hardy  as  C.  scoparius. 

The  yellow  flowers  have  crimson  wings.    A  beautiful  plant,  but  needs  protection. 

DAPHNE 

D.  Genkwa.     (S)     A  dainty,  slender  shrub,  producing  beautiful  fragrant 

lilac-colored  flowers  in  March  or  early  April,  before  the  leaves  appear.    A  good 
plant  for  bordering  shrubberies,  and  valuable  as  an  early  bloomer. 

DESMODIUM    PENDULIFLORUM.      See    Lespedeza    Sieboldi 

DEUTZIA 

A  successful  species,  as  it  numbers  both  large-  and  small-growing  varieties, 
useful  alike  for  specimens,  backing  shrubberies,  or  for  bordering  them.  They 
thrive  well  in  any  well-drained  soil,  and  are  profuse  bloomers. 

D.  crenata,  var.  candidissima.  Double  White  Deutzia.  (L)  A  vigor- 
ous, graceful  grower,  with  double  white  flowers.  June. 

74 


No.  i,  Flowers  of  Azalea  arborescens.     See  page  68. 
No.  2,  Forsythia  Fortunei.     See  page  80. 


Hibiscus  Syriacus. 

See  page  80. 


DECID17O173  SHXgBtf 


DEUTZIA,    continued 

D.  crenata,  var.  rosea  plena.  Double  Pink  Deutzia.  (L)  A  strong 
grower,  with  flowers  tinted  with  rosy  white.  June. 

D.  crenata,  var.  Pride  of  Rochester.  (L)  Flowers  double,  white,  back 
of  petals  tinted  with  rose  ;  large  and  early.  May. 

D.  crenata,  var.  Waterer.  (L)  A  vigorous  grower,  with  large  double 
pink  flowers,  opening  very  flat.  A  desirable  sort. 

D.  crenata  Wellsi.  (L)  A  strong-growing  form  with  single  white 
flowers. 

D.  gracilis.  Dwarf  Deutzia.  (S)  A  dense,  low  bush,  equally  valuable 
for  shrubberies  and  forcing.  In  May  it  is  covered  with  pure  white  flowers. 
One  of  the  best. 

D.  gracilis,  var.  carminea.  Hybrid.  (S)  A  form  like  D.  gracilis.  Foli- 
age dark  green;  branches  slim;  flowers  of  medium  size  and  carmine  in  bud, 
opening  clear  rose,  carmine  underneath.  Branches  are  arched  by  weight  of 
the  flowers.  New. 

D.  gracilis,  var.  foliis  aureis.     (S)    With  golden  leaves.     As  hardy  as  the 

Golden  Philadelphus.     New. 

D.  gracilis,  var.  rosea.     (S)     An  exceedingly  floriferous  form.     Flowers 

ashy  rose,  clear  rose  in  the  center.     New. 

D.  gracilis,  var.  Boule  de  Neige.  Hybrid.  (S)  In  habit  and  growth 
resembling  T>.  gracilis.  The  tops  of  the  branches  are  loaded  with  numerous 
compact  spikes  of  beautiful  creamy  white  flowers. 

D.  Kalmiseflora.  Hybrid.  (L)  A  vigorous  plant,  bearing  in  May  large 
umbels  of  flowers,  rosy  red  in  the  bud  and  opening  white,  slightly  tinted  with 
rose.  Aspect  of  flowers  is  quite  new ;  they  resemble  the  umbels  of  a  kalmia. 

D.  Lemoinei.  Hybrid.  (M)  An  early  bloomer,  the  branches  covered 
with  erect  panicles  of  pure  white,  well-opened  flowers. 

D.  Lemoinei  compacta.  Hybrid.  (M)  Similar  to  Lemoinei,  but  of 
very  compact  habit. 

D.  parviflora.  (L)  An  erect  shrub  giving  a  profusion  of  white  flowers  in 
June  in  large  corymbs.  One  of  the  best. 

D.  scabra.  (M)  A  vigorous  grower,  with  rough  dull  green  foliage  and 
clusters  of  showy  double  white  bell-shaped  flowers  in  June  and  July. 

DIER  VILLA.     Weigela 

One  of  the  most  popular  and  showy  of  flowering  shrubs.  Adapted  to  all  soils 
and  most  situations.  In  late  May  and  June  the  branches  are  bent  beneath  the 
abundance  of  flowers  which  cover  the  entire  branches. 

D.  florida;  syn.,  rosea.  (L)  A  strong,  vigorous  grower,  with  good  foli- 
age and  abundant  bloom.  Flowers  rose. 

D.  florida,  var.  amabilis.  (M)  A  good  grower  and  prolific  bloomer. 
Flowers  deep  rose. 

77 


DIERVILLA,    continued 

D.  florida,  var.  Candida.  (M)  A  vigorous  grower  and  profuse  bloomer. 
Flowers  of  pure  white,  being  produced  in  great  clusters  in  June  and  occasion- 
ally throughout  the  summer. 

D.  florida,  var.  Kosteriana  aurea  variegata.  (S)  A  dwarf  form.  Foli- 
age is  bordered  with  yellow  and  the  flowers  are  deep  rose.  An  excellent  sort. 

D.  florida  nana,  var.  aurea  variegata.  (S)  A  dwarf  sort  with  pale  rose- 
colored  flowers  and  foliage  marked  with  yellow. 

D.  florida,  var.  Sieboldi  alba  variegata.  (M)  An  upright  form.  Foliage 
margined  with  creamy  white,  changing  to  pure  white;  flowers  clear  rose. 
One  of  the  best  of  shrubs  with  variegated  foliage. 

D.  floribunda.  (L)  A  strong  grower  and  profuse  bloomer.  Flowers 
small,  brownish  crimson  in  bud  and  opening  bright  crimson. 

D.  floribunda,  var.  Lavallei.     (M}     Has  bright  deep  crimson  flowers. 

D.  floribunda,  var.  versicolor.  (M )  Flowers  greenish  white,  changing 
to  crimson. 

D.  Groenewegeni.  (L)  A  strong  grower  and  abundant  bloomer.  Flowers 
red  outside  and  white  within,  striped  with  yellowish  red. 

DIERVILLA    HYBRIDS 

D.,  var.  Desboisi.  (M)  A  good  grower  and  an  abundant  bloomer. 
Flowers  deep  rose. 

D.,  var.  Duchartre.  (M)  An  excellent  free -flowering  variety,  with 
blooms  of  deep  amaranth.  Very  dark  and  extra  good. 

D.,  var.  Eva  Rathke.  (L)  An  erect  grower  and  profuse  bloomer.  The 
flowers  are  dark  carmine-red. 

D.,  var.  Mad.  Coutourier.  (M)  A  medium  grower.  Flowers  yellow- 
ish white,  changing  to  pink. 

D.,  var.  Mont  Blanc.  (L)  Extremely  vigorous  growth;  flowers  large, 
pure  white.  A  superior  variety. 

D.,  var.  Saturne.  (L)  A  strong  grower,  with  large,  well-opened  flowers 
of  carmine-red.  Much  darker  than  var.  Eva  Rathke. 

D.,  var.  Steltzneri.  (L)  A  strong  grower  and  abundant  bloomer. 
Flowers  dark  red. 

D.,  var.  Van  Houttei.     (M)    A  good  grower,  with  clear  carmine  flowers. 

D.  Japonica;  syn.,  Hortensis,  var.  floribunda.  (M}  Of  slower  growth 
than  the  type,  but  a  profuse  bloomer.  Flowers  of  rosy  carmine. 

D.  Japonica,  var.  nivea.  (M)  Produces  an  abundance  of  pure  white 
flowers. 

D.  Japonica,  var.  rubra.     (M)    A  good  bloomer;  deep  crimson  flowers. 

IX  Lonicera;  syn.,  D.  trifida.  (S)  Resembles  in  habit  the  Weigela,  to 
which  family  it  belongs.  Of  somewhat  spreading  form,  producing  yellow 
flowers  in  June. 

78 


DECID170173  SHI^/BS 


DIRCA 

D.  palustrus.     Leatherwood.      (L)      A  strong -growing  bush,  sometimes 

of  tree  form,  with  smooth,  oblong  green  leaves  and  abundant    small   yellow 
flowers  very  early  in  the  spring. 

EL^EAGNUS 

E.  angustifolia.     Oleaster.     (L)     A  large  shrub,  sometimes  of  tree  form, 

with  long,  narrow,  silvery  green  foliage.     The  flowers  are  yellow,  followed 
by  yellow  fruit. 

E.  longipes ;  syn.,  edulus.  Japanese  Oleaster.  (M)  A  strong,  bushy 
grower.  The  foliage  is  dark  green  above  and  silvery  beneath,  and  the  fragrant 
yellowish  white  flowers  of  April  and  May  are  followed  by  edible  scarlet  fruits, 
ripening  about  July.  A  very  showy  shrub. 

E.  parvifolia.  (L)  A  rather  erect  grower  with  spiny  stems  and  spread- 
ing branches.  The  long,  narrow  green  foliage  is  very  silvery  beneath.  The 
yellowish  white  flowers  in  May  are  fragrant  and  the  fruit,  silvery  when  young, 
is  pink  when  ripe  in  July. 

EUONYMUS 

Very    ornamental,    showy   shrubs,    useful    for  seashore   planting.     Especially 
attractive  for  their  showy  fruit  and  the  fall  color  of  the  foliage. 

E.  alatus.  Cork  Bark.  (M)  A  compact  grower,  with  corky  bark,  small 
foliage  and  yellowish  flowers,  followed  by  red  fruits.  The  foliage  turns  to 
bright  red  in  the  fall. 

E.Americana.  Strawberry  Bush.  (M)  A  slender  grower  of  dense  habit. 
Foliage  is  light  green  ;  flowers  reddish  green,  appearing  in  June.  Fruits  crim- 
son-pink and  very  showy. 

E.  atropurpureus.  Burning  Bush.  (Z,)  A  strong  grower,  with  broad 
green  foliage  and  purple  flowers  in  June,  followed  by  scarlet  fruits. 

E.  Europaeus.  Spindle  Tree.  (L)  Of  vigorous,  compact  growth,  some- 
times forming  a  small  tree.  Foliage  is  broad  and  deep  green,  turning  to  crim- 
son in  the  fall.  The  flowers  are  followed  by  orange-scarlet  fruits. 

E.  latifolius.  (L)  A  strong  grower,  with  broad,  deep  green  foliage  and 
very  large,  showy  scarlet  fruits. 

E.  nanus.  (VD)  A  low,  prostrate  shrub,  with  slender,  arching  branches. 
The  glossy  dark  green  foliage  turns  purple  in  the  fall  and  remains  very  late. 
Excellent  for  rocky  situations. 

EXOCHORDA 

E.  grandiflora.  Pearl  Bush.  (L)  A  Chinese  shrub  of  the  highest 
ornamental  merit.  Of  rapid  growth  and  producing  in  May  numerous  loose 
clusters  of  pure  white,  starry  flowers,  with  a  peculiar  tint  at  the  center.  The 
flowers  are  of  large  size  individually,  and  the  clusters  are  produced  in  great 
profusion,  giving  a  very  rich  effect.  One  of  the  very  best. 

79 


FORSYTHIA.      Golden    Bell 

Indispensable  choice  spring-blooming  shrubs  of  easy  culture,  vigorous  growth 
and  free-flowering  habit.  They  are  among  the  earliest  to  bloom,  sometimes  flower- 
ing in  March  ;  the  bright  golden  blossoms  are  produced  before  the  foliage. 

F.  Fortunei.  (M)  Of  upright  growth,  broad,  deep,  dark  green  foliage 
and  bright  yellow  flowers  in  April.  (See  Plate  on  page  75.) 

F.  Fortunei,  var.  aurea  variegata.  Golden -leaved  Forsythia.  (M)  A 
fine  novelty.  The  deep  green  leaves  are  margined  with  deep  yellow,  and,  con- 
trary to  most  plants  with  variegated  foliage,  it  shows  best  when  planted  in 
sunny  places. 

F.  intermedia.  (L)  A  form  with  erect,  arching  branches,  foliage  re- 
sembling F.  viridissima,  and  blossoms  like  F.  Fortunei.  Very  floriferous. 

F.  suspensa.  (M)  A  beautiful  weeping  form  with  long,  pendulous 
branches,  pretty  green  foliage  and  golden  yellow  flowers  in  early  April. 

F.  viridissima.  (M)  Of  rather  straggling  growth,  with  good  green  foli- 
age and  deep  yellow  flowers  in  early  April. 

HAMAMELIS 

H.  Virginiana.  Witch  Hazel.  (L)  Tall  shrub;  oval,  slightly  downy 
leaves,  like  the  hazel ;  flowers  yellow,  remarkable  for  their  appearance  late  in 
autumn,  just  as  the  leaves  are  turning  and  about  to  fall.  The  foliage  turns 
to  brilliant  yellow-orange  and  purple  shades. 

HIBISCUS   SYRIACUS.     Althaea;   Rose  of   Sharon 

One  of  the  best-known  ornamental  shrubs,  thriving  best  in  good  soil,  and 
valuable  for  their  late  blooming.  The  foliage  rich  green,  and  the  flowers  large  and 
showy.  A  valuable  hedge  plant,  as  it  submits  readily  to  clipping.  See  Plates  on 

pages  76  and  82. 

Var.  Boule  de  Feu.     (L)     Single,  violet-red  flowers;  showy. 

Var.  camellaeflorus.     (L)     Double;  white,  with  light  pink  center. 

Var.  Count  de  Flandre.     (L)     Double;   dark  red. 

Var.  Jeanne  d'Arc.     (L)     Double;  pure  white.     A  superior  variety. 

Var.  Lady  Stanley.     (L)     Double;   blush  white. 

Var.  Leopoldi.     (L)     Double;   flesh  shaded  to  rose. 

Var.  purpurea  foliis  argentea  marginata.  (M)  Double,  purple  flowers; 
leaves  margined  with  a  deep  band  of  creamy  white. 

Var.  rubus.     Ruby.     (L)     Large,  well -opened,  ruby -red  flowers. 
Var.  totus  albus.     (L)     Single;   pure  white.     One  of  the  best. 

HIPPOPHAE.      See    Buckthorn 

H.  rhamnoides.  (L)  A  stiff,  irregular  shrub,  with  grayish  green  foliage, 
quite  silvery  beneath.  Flowers  in  May  are  small  and  yellow,  but  the  chief 
beauty  is  the  peculiar  foliage  and  the  showy  orange-colored  fruits,  ripening  in 
September. 

80 


Hydrangea  paniculata  grandiflora.     See  page  83. 


Hydrangea  paniculata  grandiflora.     See  page  83. 


Hedge  of  Hibiscus  Syriacus.     See  page  80. 


HYDRANGEA 

No  class  of  shrubs  have  showier  flowers  nor  are  more  generally  known,  but  we 
ask  attention  to  Hydrangea  paniculata  (not  H.  p.  grandiflora)  and  H.  qucrcifolia,  as 
two  sorts  which  should  be  more  generally  planted. 

H.  arborescens.  (M)  A  native  sort  which  does  well  in  the  shade.  Foli- 
age of  fine  color,  and  the  white  flowers,  in  flat  corymbs,  appear  in  June. 

H.  Hortensis,  var.  Imperatrice  Eugenie.  (S)  A  strong  grower,  with 
good  dark  green  foliage  and  pink  flowers  in  midsummer.  Should  have  winter 
protection. 

H.  Hortensis,  var.  Japonica.  (S)  A  dwarf  grower;  foliage  dark  green; 
flowers  blue. 

H.  Hortensis,  var.  Otaksa.  (S)  A  vigorous  grower,  of  dwarf  habit, 
forming  a  dense  bush.  Foliage  deep  green;  flowers  pink  or  blue.  Should 
have  winter  protection. 

H.  paniculata.  (L)  A  vigorous  grower,  with  light  green  foliage  and 
bearing  in  September  large,  upright  panicles  of  creamy  white  flowers,  the  sterile 
flowers  turning  later  to  purple. 

H.  paniculata  grandiflora.  (L)  This  popular  hardy  shrub,  having  been 
planted  extensively  during  recent  years,  is  now  familiar  to  almost  every  one.  It 
is  of  easy  cultivation,  growing  rapidly,  producing  in  late  July  and  August, 
when  bloom  is  scarce,  showy  flowers  in  immense  terminal  panicles,  the  weight 
of  the  flowers  bending  the  branches.  The  bloom  lasts  into  autumn,  when  it 
changes  from  white  to  shades  of  pink.  To  produce  the  best  effects,  it  should 
be  planted  in  masses  or  with  a  background  of  other  shrubbery.  When  grown 
in  beds  or  groups  they  should  be  planted  about  2  feet  apart  in  very  rich  soil. 
Early  in  spring,  before  the  shrubs  begin  to  grow,  cut  them  back  so  as  to  leave 
only  two  or  three  inches  of  the  new  growth  of  the  previous  season  and  thus 
insure  a  better  display  of  flowers.  (See  plates  on  pages  81  and  82.) 

H.  quercifolia.  Oak-leaved.  (M)  A  native  of  straggling  habit,  with 
deep  green,  oak-shaped  foliage,  which  turns  to  bronzy  purple  in  the  fall.  The 
purplish  white  flowers  are  borne  in  panicles.  A  good  plant  for  shady  places. 
Prefers  a  moist  soil. 

HYPERICUM 

Useful  small  shrubs  of  easy  culture,  growing  well  in  sandy  soils,  and  desir- 
able for  bordering  shrubberies. 

H.  aureum.  (S)  A  compact  grower,  of  stiff  habit.  The  leathery  bluish 
foliage  sets  off  the  large  golden  yellow  flowers,  which  are  produced  in  cymes 
in  July  and  August  and  continue  for  a  period  of  ten  days.  Useful  in  rocky 
and  shady  places.  Prefers  a  moist  soil. 

H.  calcinum.  Aaron's  Beard.  (FD)  A  low,  spreading  plant,  with  dark 
green,  persistent  foliage  and  very  large  golden  yellow  flowers.  A  useful  ground 
cover,  thriving  in  sun  or  partial  shade. 

H.  hircinu-m.  (S)  A  shrub  of  round,  compact  habit,  with  dark  green 
foliage,  and  in  August  very  deep  yellow  flowers  in  clusters  of  two  or  three. 
Needs  a  dry  soil. 

83 


HYPERICUM,    continued 

H.  Kalmianum.  (VD)  A  dwarf  form,  with  bluish  green  foliage,  glaucous 
beneath.  The  flowers,  in  June,  are  smaller  than  those  of  the  other  varieties. 
Valuable  in  dry  and  sandy  situations. 

H.  Moserianum.  Hybrid.  Gold  Flower.  (VD)  The  showiest  of  all 
the  varieties  and  an  important  addition  to  dwarf  shrubs.  The  habit  is  pendu- 
lous;  foliage  deep  shining  green;  the  flowers,  glossy,  deep  golden  yellow,  2 
inches  or  more  in  diameter,  are  borne  throughout  the  summer. 

H.  Moserianum,  var.  tricolor.  (S)  A  form  with  leaves  prettily  variegated 
with  yellow,  white,  rose  and  red. 

H.  patulum.  (S)  An  undershrub  with  arching  branches.  The  foliage  is 
dark  and  rich  ;  the  bright  yellow  flowers,  ^  inches  in  diameter,  come  in  early 
June.  Useful  for  rockeries. 

ILEX 

I.  verticillata.  Winter  Berry.  (L)  A  shrub  with  spreading  branches, 
bright  green  foliage.  Its  bright  scarlet  berries  remain  late  in  the  winter. 

ITEA 

I.  Virginica.  (M}  A  dense,  compact  shrub,  with  smooth,  green  foliage 
and  bearing  racemes  of  fragrant  white  flowers  in  June.  In  autumn  the  foliage 
turns  rich  crimson. 

JASMINUM 

J.  nudiflorum.  Yellow  Jasmine.  (S)  A  slender,  twiggy  shrub.  Its 
small  yellow  flowers  open  during  the  first  mild  days  of  spring,  sometimes  be- 
fore the  winter  is  past.  Does  well  trained  on  a  trellis. 

J.  officinale.  Hardy  White  Jasmine.  (S)  A  more  slender  species,  need- 
ing support  of  a  trellis  or  wall  and  requires  a  sheltered  position.  A  summer 
bloomer  ;  flowers  white  and  fragrant. 

KERRIA 

K.  Japonica.  Double  -  flowered  Corchorus.  (M)  Produces  deep  orange  - 
colored  double  flowers.  It  blooms  throughout  the  summer. 

LAGERSTRGEMIA 

L.  Indica.  Crape  Myrtle.  (Z,)  A  strong-growing  shrub,  with  deciduous 
leaves  and  soft  fringed  pink  flowers  in  spring  and  summer.  With  winter  pro- 
tection it  can  be  grown  successfully  at  Philadelphia. 

LESPEDEZA 

L.  bicolor.  (S)  A  graceful  shrub,  with  slender  branches  and  small  violet - 
purple  flowers,  borne  in  racemes  in  July. 

L.  Sieboldi;  syn.,  Desmodium  Japonica.  This  might  well  be  classed 
with  perennial  plants,  as  it  dies  back  to  the  ground  in  winter.  The  shoots 
each  year  are  thrown  up  about  3  feet,  and  in  September  bear  rosy  purple 
flowers  in  long,  drooping  racemes.  Desirable  as  a  late  bloomer. 

L.  Sieboldi,  var.  alba.     With  white  flowers. 
84 


LIGUSTRUM 

L.  Amurense.  Amoor  Privet.  (L)  This  variety  is  of  a  lighter,  slimmer 
growth  than  Common  Privet,  while  the  foliage  is  of  a  lighter  green  than  the 
Japanese  Privet  and  retains  a  better  color  in  the  winter.  It  is  as  hardy  as 
the  California  Privet  and  makes  a  very  satisfactory  hedge. 

L.  ciliatum;  syn.,  medium.  (L)  An  erect  shrub,  with  spreading 
branches  and  narrow  light  green  foliage. 

L.  Ibpta.  (L)  One  of  the  hardiest  of  all  Privets.  The  form  is  spreading, 
with  curving  branches.  Foliage  grayish  green  ;  flowers  in  June  are  pure  white 
and  the  seeds  that  follow  are  bluish  black.  A  good  border  shrub  and  an  ex- 
cellent hedge  plant. 

L.  Ibota,  var.  Regelianum.  Regel's  Privet.  (M)  A  dense  shrub,  with 
stiff,  twiggy,  horizontal  spreading  branches,  drooping  at  the  ends.  An  elegant 
shrub  for  specimens,  border  work  or  hedges.  We  have  grown  this  for  many 
years  and  believe  it  will  become  one  of  the  most  popular  varieties  as  soon  as  it 
is  better  known.  It  is  absolutely  hardy,  forms  a  graceful,  symmetrical  bush, 
sufficiently  dense  for  hedge  purposes  without  trimming.  As  a  single  speci- 
men or  in  a  border  of  mixed  shrubs  it  is  most  effective.  It  also  gives  pleasing 
effects  when  massed  against  buildings  or  on  slopes  and  banks. 

L.  Japonicum.  Japanese  Privet.  (Z,)  An  almost  evergreen  sort,  as  it 
holds  its  glossy  dark  green  foliage  almost  all  winter.  The  leaves  are  as  large  as 
those  of  the  lilac,  which  they  resemble. 

L.  lucidum.  (L)  A  strong  grower,  with  somewhat  spreading  branches 
and  foliage  resembling  L.  Japonicum.  Bears  white  flowers  in  July. 

L.  ovalifolium.  Japanese,  or  California  Privet.  (L)  The  most  popular 
of  all  hedge  plants.  It  transplants  easily,  is  a  strong,  upright  grower  and  will 
stand  any  amount  of  trimming.  The  deep  dark  green  foliage  is  held  until  late 
in  winter.  When  setting,  cut  the  plants  to  within  8  to  12  inches  of  the  ground 
to  induce  a  strong,  bushy  growth.  Also  valuable  in  shrubberies  and  as  a 
screen.  See  plate  on  page  88. 

L.  ovalifolium,  var.  aurea  marginata.  (Z,)  A  form  in  which  the  foliage 
is  margined  with  pale  yellow. 

L.  Sinensis.  Chinese  Privet.  (L)  Of  broader  habit  than  the  Amoor 
Privet.  The  foliage  on  the  slender,  spreading  branches  is  light  green.  It  is  a 
strong,  free  grower  and  will  be  found  satisfactory  for  border  work  or  as  a 
hedge  plant ;  in  the  latter  case  do  not  trim  too  closely.  In  autumn  the  berries 
hang  in  dense  clusters. 

L.  Sinensis,  var.  nana.  Dwarf  Chinese  Privet.  (^/)  A  dwarf  variety 
that  will  give  a  particularly  pleasing  effect  where  an  untrimmed  hedge  of 
medium  height  is  required.  Very  graceful ;  can  be  trimmed  if  desired.  The 
autumn  berries  remain  late. 

L.  vulgaris.  Common  Privet.  (L)  This  does  not  make  as  trim  a  hedge 
as  the  Japanese  Privet,  but  is  valuable,  as  it  thrives  in  many  situations  where 
tree  roots  interfere  with  the  growth  of  other  plants.  The  foliage  is  grayish 
green  ;  flowers  in  June  are  white;  berries  shining  black. 

LIMONIA    TRIFOLIATA.       Sec    Citrus 

85 


LONICERA.      Bush   Honeysuckle 

Desirable  free-blooming  shrubs  of  erect  habit  of  growth  and  easiest  culture  in 
any  common  soil.  The  ornamental  fruit  and  fragrant  flowers  are  points  of  merit, 
and  in  the  various  sorts  the  fruits  present  a  great  variety  of  colors.  The  upright- 
growing,  dense  kinds  make  admirable  hedge  plants  and  admit  of  vigorous  pruning. 

L.  fragrantissima.  Chinese  Fragrant  Bush  Honeysuckle.  (Jkf)  A  vig- 
orous grower  of  rather  straggling  habit.  The  pinkish  white  flowers  in  early 
spring  are  very  fragrant  and  its  dark  green  foliage  is  retained  late  in  the  winter — 
sometimes  in  sheltered  locations  all  winter.  The  plant  is  not  particular  as  to 
soil  or  situation  and  is  absolutely  hardy. 

L.  Morrowi.  Japanese  Bush  Honeysuckle.  CM)  A  strong  grower,  with 
foliage  dark  green  above,  grayish  beneath.  Pure  white  flowers  in  May  and 
June  are  followed  by  bright  red  fruits,  ripening  in  August  and  remaining  all  fall. 

L.  orientalis.  (£)  One  of  the  strongest  growers  of  this  class.  Pink 
blossoms  in  May  and  June  and  black  fruit  early  in  the  fall. 

L.  Ruprechtiana.  (L}  A  tall,  rapid  grower.  Foliage  dark  green  above, 
grayish  beneath;  pure  white  flowers,  in  long  peduncles  in  May  and  June,  are 
followed  by  red  or  orange-red  fruits. 

L.  Standishi.  Standish's  Honeysuckle.  (Af)  A  spreading  bush  with 
half  evergreen  foliage.  The  fragrant  creamy  white  flowers  appear  before  the 
leaves  in  spring,  and  the  fruits  in  autumn  are  scarlet  and  very  showy. 

L.  Tatarica  (rubra).  (L)  A  strong  grower,  with  dark  green  foliage  and 
crimson  flowers  in  May  and  June,  followed  by  brilliant  crimson  fruit. 

L.  Tatarica,  var.  alba.  (L)  Similar  to  L.  Tatarica,  but  with  large  pure 
white  flowers  ;  fruit  crimson. 

L.  Tatarica,  var.  gracilis.  (M)  A  form  with  smaller  foliage  and  small, 
fragrant  pure  white  flowers  in  May  and  June,  followed  by  orange-red  fruits. 

L.  Tatarica,  var.  splendens.  (L}  In  this  form  both  the  leaves  and  the 
deep  pink  flowers  are  larger  than  the  type.  Fruits  are  deep  red. 

LYCIUM 

L.  Chinense.  Matrimony  Vine.  (M )  A  very  hardy  shrub  with  slender, 
spiny  stems.  The  foliage  is  grayish  green  and  the  flowers,  lasting  from  June 
until  September,  vary  from  pink  to  purple,  and  are  set  all  along  the  drooping 
branches.  The  fall  fruits  are  scarlet  or  orange-red.  An  excellent  plant  for 
covering  banks,  planting  in  wild  or  rocky  places,  or  along  the  top  of  walls 
where  the  branches  can  hang  over.  It  climbs  well  and  gives  magnificent  effects, 

MYRICA 

M.  cerifera.  Wax  Myrtle.  (M)  A  vigorous  shrub  with  dark  green, 
fragrant  foliage  which  is  held  almost  throughout  the  winter.  The  reddish 
flowers  in  May  and  the  white,  waxy  berries  which  follow  are  not  very  showy, 
and  its  chief  charm  is  the  pleasing  foliage.  It  thrives  in  the  sandiest  locations 
and  is  of  special  value.  Excellent  for  seashore  planting. 

PAVIA     PARVIFLORA.       See    jEsculus 
86 


Philadelphia  coronarius.     See  page  89, 


Pyrus  arbutifolia.     See  page  90. 


Ligustrum  ovalifolium.     See  page  85. 


PHILADELPHIA.     Syringa,   or    Mock    Orange 

Excellent  ornamental  shrubs,  most  of  which  are  tall,  vigorous  growers,  with 
large  foliage  and  flowers.  Their  robust  habits  make  them  valuable  for  screens.  A 
few  dwarf  forms,  while  not  such  prolific  bloomers,  are  valuable  for  any  shrub- 
bery. They  easily  adapt  themselves  to  any  soil  and  the  flowers  are  among  the 
best  of  shrubs  to  cut  for  house  decoration. 

P.  coronarius.  Mock  Orange*  (L)  A  vigorous,  graceful  shrub.  The 
long  branches,  covered  with  dark  green  foliage,  are  often  bent  beneath  the 
weight  of  the  fragrant,  showy  pure  white  flowers  in  June.  A  popular  and 
satisfactory  shrub.  See  plate  on  page  87. 

P.  coronarius,  var.  aureus.  (.M)  A  compact  shrub  with  bright  yellow 
foliage,  retaining  its  color  well  throughout  the  season.  One  of  the  best 
known  golden-colored  shrubs  and  very  effective  in  shrubberies. 

P.  coronarius,  var.  primulaeflorus.  (M}.  A  strong  grower,  with  very 
large,  almost  double  white  flowers. 

P.  Gordonianus.  (Z,)  One  of  the  strongest  growers,  with  very  large 
pure  white  flowers  of  little  fragrance.  A  prolific  bloomer  in  July  and  valuable 
on  account  of  its  lateness. 

P.  grandiflorus.  (L)  The  most  vigorous  of  the  class.  A  rapid  grower, 
with  long,  somewhat  straggling  branches  and  large  flowers  in  June,  not  fra- 
grant. Excellent  for  shrubberies. 

P.  Lemoinei.  Hybrid.  (M}  One  of  the  choicest  of  this  class.  The 
habit  is  graceful;  foliage  very  rich,  and  the  large,  pure  white,  fragrant  flowers 
are  borne  in  clusters  in  June. 

P.  Lemoinei,  var.  erectus.  (Af)  A  form  of  very  erect  habit,  bearing 
clusters  of  fragrant  yellowish  white  flowers  in  June.  A  prolific  bloomer;  ex- 
cellent foliage. 

P.  Zeyheri.  (M)  A  hybrid  of  P.  coronarius,  which  it  resembles,  but  its 
growth  is  lower  and  more  spreading,  branches  often  arched.  Pure  white 
flowers  with  slight  fragrance  are  borne  in  profusion  in  June. 

P.  Zeyheri,  var.  speciosissimus.  (M)  Not  a  large  grower.  The  habit 
is  graceful  ;  branches  bend  slightly  at  the  tips  and  in  June  are  densely 
covered  with  large,  pure  white,  fragrant  flowers.  The  showiest  of  the  class. 


PHOTINIA 

P.  villosa.  (L)  An  upright  shrub,  with  slender,  spreading  branches. 
Foliage  dark  green;  flowers  in  June  are  large,  white,  borne  in  corymbs  at 
ends  of  the  branchlets.  Fall  fruits  are  bright  scarlet  and  very  showy.  Prefers 
a  sunny  position. 

POTENTILLA 

P.  fruticosa.  Shrubby  Cinquefoil.  (M)  An  upright  grower,  with  at- 
tractive foliage,  narrow  and  with  a  silky  under-surface.  Commencing  in  July, 
it  bears  golden  yellow  flowers  throughout  the  summer.  An  excellent  plant  for 
rocky  places  and  thrives  in  either  wet  or  dry  soils. 


PRUNUS 

P.  amygdalus  communis.  Flowering  Almond.  (M)  Beautiful  shrub, 
whose  branches  are  covered  in  May  with  double  flowers. 

P.  amygdalus  communis,  var.  alba  flore  pleno.     White. 

P.  amygdalus  communis,  var.  rosea  flore  pleno.     (M)     Pink. 

P.  maritima.  Beach  Plum.  (S)  One  of  the  best  shrubs  for  bleak  ex- 
posures and  seashore  planting.  Grows  well  in  sandy  soil,  and  the  white  flowers 
in  April  are  followed  by  bright  crimson  or  purple  fruits. 

P.  triloba.  Double- flowering  Plum.  (M)  A  spreading  bush  of  vigor- 
ous growth,  bearing  in  early  spring,  before  the  leaves,  beautiful  light  pink, 
very  double  flowers.  A  charming  shrub.  See  also  Trees. 

PYRUS.      Chokeberry 

P.  arbutifolia.  Chokeberry.  (L)  A  vigorous,  densely  branched  shrub 
with  good  foliage.  In  May  it  is  covered  with  clusters  of  delicate  white  flowers, 
and  the  red  fruits  that  follow  hang  in  showy  clusters  throughout  the  winter. 
The  foliage  colors  in  autumn  to  shades  of  red  and  crimson.  See  plate,  page  88. 

P.  floribunda.  Red  Chokeberry.  (L}  An  upright  grower;  flowers 
white,  tinged  with  red,  and  followed  by  bright  red  fruits. 

P.  floribunda,  var.  nigra.  Black  Chokeberry.  (M)  Similar  to  the  fore- 
going, but  with  deep  glossy  black  fruits. 

RHAMNUS 

R.  cathartica.  Buckthorn.  (M)  A  stiff,  twiggy  bush,  with  dark 
green  foliage  and  white  flowers  in  June  and  July,  followed  by  showy  black 
fruits.  An  excellent  hedge  plant. 

RHODOTYPOS 

R.  kerrioides.  White  Kerria.  (M}  A  handsome  shrub  with  good  foli- 
age and  snowy  white  flowers  in  late  May,  followed  by  showy  black  seeds. 

RHUS 

R.  aromatica.  Fragrant  Sumac.  (M)  A  spreading  bush  with  thick 
foliage,  which  is  fragrant  when  crushed.  The  pale  yellow  flowers  are  borne 
in  dense  spikes  in  May  and  followed  by  orange-red  berries  in  midsummer.  In 
autumn  the  foliage  turns  dark  crimson. 

R.  copallina.  Shining  Sumac.  (S)  A  dense  grower,  with  rich,  shining 
dark  green  foliage,  which  turns  to  brilliant  shades  of  red  in  the  fall.  The 
yellowish  flowers  in  July  and  August  are  borne  in  dense  panicles  and  followed 
by  showy  heads  of  scarlet  seed.  It  is  the  latest  of  the  Sumacs  to  flower. 

R.  cotinus.  Mist,  or  Smoke  Tree.  (L)  A  vigorous,  bushy  grower,  with 
good  foliage,  bearing  large  panicles  of  purplish  feathery  flowers  in  June.  The 
foliage  in  autumn  turns  to  shades  of  reddish  brown  and  yellow.  See  plate  on 
page  93. 

R.  cotinus,  var.  atropurpurea.  Purple  Mist.  (Z,)  A  form  with  flowers 
of  a  deep  reddish  purple.  Distinct  and  showy. 

90 


RIBES.      Currant 

R.  aureum.  Golden  Currant.  (M)  A  neat  bush  with  glossy  green  foli- 
age, coloring  well  in  the  fall.  In  May  it  bears  showy  fragrant  yellow  flowers, 
followed  by  dark  brown  fruit. 

R.  Gordonianum.  Hybrid.  Gordon's  Currant.  (M)  A  hybrid  of  R. 
aureum  and  R.  sanguineum,  with  beautiful  yellow  and  crimson  flowers  in  May. 

R.  sanguineum.  Red -flowering  Currant.  (M)  A  shrub  of  excellent 
habit,  with  handsome  foliage  and  long,  pendulous  racemes  of  deep  red  flowers 
in  July. 

ROBINIA 

!R.  hispida.  Rose  Acacia.  (M )  An  excellent  shrub  with  compound 
foliage,  and  bearing  clusters  of  rose-colored  flowers  in  profusion  in  May  and 
June  and  often  throughout  the  summer.  Useful  for  banks  and  showy  when  it 
can  grow  in  masses  undisturbed. 

RUBUS 

R.  odoratus.  Flowering  Raspberry.  (M)  A  dense -growing  ornamental 
form  of  the  native  raspberry.  The  foliage  is  very  large  and  the  rosy 
purple  flowers  quite  showy.  An  excellent  plant  for  massing  and  valuable 
for  planting  steep  banks,  as  it  spreads  rapidly  from  the  roots.  Prefers  rich  soil 
and  shaded  position. 

SAMBUCUS.     Elder 

S.  Canadensis.  Common  Elder.  (L)  A  strong -growing  shrub,  with 
good  light  green  foliage.  The  white  flowers  in  June  and  July  are  in  flat  cymes 
and  are  followed  by  black  fruits  in  August  and  September.  Very  hardy. 

S.  nigra,  var.  aurea.  Golden  Elder.  (L)  Bright  golden  yellow  leaves, 
color  distinct  and  permanent  all  summer.  Of  vigorous,  spreading  habit,  but 
may  be  trained  into  compact,  bushy  form.  Very  valuable  for  heightening 
effects  and  giving  tone  and  color  to  the  lawn  by  contrast  with  other  shrubs. 

S.  nigra,  var.  laciniata.  Cut-leaved  Elder.  (M)  One  of  the  hand- 
somest shrubs  in  cultivation.  Of  drooping  habit,  with  deeply  cut  foliage. 
Effective  in  masses  ;  very  hardy. 

S.  racemosa.  Red -fruited.  (M)  Of  somewhat  heavier  growth  than 
S.  Canadensis.  The  white  flowers  are  followed  by  red  fruits.  Very  hardy. 

S.  racemosa,  var.  tenuifolia.  New.  A  form  resembling  S.  nigra  laciniata. 
The  foliage  is  deeper  cut  and  it  makes  a  more  compact  and  handsome  plant. 
Very  hardy. 

SPIRAEA 

Exceedingly  useful  and  popular  plants  with  a  wide  range  of  form,  foliage  and 
flower.  Their  hardiness,  adaptability  to  all  soils  and  the  ease  with  which  they  can 
be  transplanted  make  them  very  desirable. 

S.  argentea;  syn.,  canescens.  (L)  A  shrub  with  spreading,  arching 
branches  and  grayish  green  foliage.  Small  white  flowers,  in  corymbs,  in  July. 
A  profuse  bloomer. 

91 


SPIR.<EA,    continued 

S.  arguta.  (M)  Similar  in  habit  to  S.  Tkunbergii,  but  a  larger,  strongei 
grower,  with  foliage  of  grayish  green.  In  May  it  bears  pure  white  flowers  in 
profusion.  One  of  the  earliest. 

S.  Billardi.  (Z,)  A  strong  grower,  with  dull  green  foliage  and  dense 
panicles  of  bright  pink  flowers  in  July  and  August,  with  occasional  blooms 
during  the  fall. 

S.  Bumalda.  (S)  A  dense,  broad  bush  with  good  foliage,  and  in  July 
bears  rosy  pink  flowers  in  compact  corymbs. 

S.  Bumalda,  var.  Anthony  Waterer.  (S)  This  dwarf  shrub  produces 
flowers  of  bright  crimson  with  such  persistency  that  cutting  away  the  dead 
bloom  will  keep  it  in  flower  from  early  summer  to  late  fall.  Its  dense  flat 
flower-clusters  are  almost  twice  as  broad  as  those  of  older  kinds,  and  of  a  much 
richer,  brighter  color.  Its  fine  foliage,  variegated  with  creamy  white  and  yel- 
low and  sometimes  tinted  with  pink,  aids  in  making  it  a  most  desirable  shrub 
for  edging  shrubbery  beds,  planting  in  masses,  or  as  single  specimens  where  low, 
bushy  flowering-shrubs  are  required. 

S.  callosa.  Fortune's  Spirea.  (S)  A  compact  shrub,  with  upright 
branches  and  pale  bluish  green  foliage.  In  June  it  bears  panicles  of  rosy  pink 
blossoms,  sometimes  continuing  all  summer. 

S.  callosa,  var.  alba.     (5)    A  dwarfer  form,  with  showy  white  flowers. 

S.  crispifolia;  syn.,  bullata.  (.VD)  A  very  compact  shrub,  with  upright 
branches  and  thick,  deep,  dull  green  foliage.  The  flowers  in  July  and  August 
are  deep  pink,  and  borne  in  dense  corymbs.  Excellent  as  an  edging  for  larger 
shrubs. 

S.  Japonica,  var.  Fortune!  rpsea.  (M)  A  broad,  spreading,  dense  form 
with  loose  corymbs  of  rosy  pink  flowers  in  June  and  July.  A  stronger  grower 
than  5.  Bumalda. 

S.  Japonica  Fortunei,  var.  macrophylla.  (5)  A  low  form,  with  immense 
leaves  and  small  corymbs  of  rose-colored  flowers  in  June. 

S.  opulifolia.  (Z)  The  strongest  grower  of  this  class  and  one  of  the  most 
useful.  Its  growth  is  extremely  rapid  ;  branches  upright,  though  drooping  when 
loaded  with  umbels  of  white  flowers  in  June.  The  foliage  is  light  green.  An 
excellent  sort  for  backing  shrubberies  or  mass-planting. 

S.  opulifolia,  var.  aurea.  Golden -leaved.  (L)  Similar  to  S.  opulifolia,  but 
with  bright  yellowish  foliage. 

S.  prunifolia  flore  pleno.  Bridal  Wreath.  (M )  A  graceful  shrub  with 
upright  branches  and  dark  green,  shining  foliage,  coloring  in  the  fall.  In  May 
the  branches  are  covered  with  small  double  white  flowers.  One  of  the  showiest 
of  this  class. 

S.  Reevesiana.  (M)  A  tall,  graceful  form,  with  dark  bluish  green  foli- 
age and  large,  double,  pure  white  flowers  in  May  and  June.  Holds  its  hand- 
some foliage  very  late. 

S.  rotundifolia ;  syn.,  bracteata.  (L)  A  rapid  grower,  with  upright 
spreading  branches  and  dark  green,  rounded  foliage,  which  is  held  very  late. 
The  pure  white  flowers  in  June  are  very  showy. 

92 


Rhus  cotinus.     See  page  90. 


Syringa  vulgaris  alba.     See  page  96. 


SPIRAEA,    continued 

S.  salicifolia.  Willow  -leaved.  (M)  An  upright  grower,  with  narrow- 
pointed  foliage  and  rosy  flowers  in  June  and  July. 

S.  sorbifolia.  (Af)  A  vigorous  growing  bush,  with  foliage  large,  hand- 
some, resembling  that  of  the  mountain  ash,  and  bearing  in  July  long  spikes  of 
showy  white  flowers. 

S.  Thunbergi.  Thunberg's  Spirea.  (Af)  A  shrub  with  spreading 
branches  and  long,  narrow,  light  green  leaves,  which  turn  to  orange-scarlet  in 
the  late  fall.  The  flowers,  in  April  and  May,  are  pure  white.  A  graceful 
and  popular  sort. 

S.  Van  Houttei.  (L)  The  best  and  most  popular  of  all  Spireas.  Of  an 
upright  growth  ;  its  long,  slender  branches  are  arched  by  their  own  weight,  and 
when  covered  with  handsome  bluish  green  foliage  and  umbels  of  white  flowers 
the  branches  droop  until  the  tips  touch  the  ground.  Though  it  blooms  in  May 
and  June,  it  is  attractive  all  summer. 

STAPHYLEA 

S.  colchica.  Bladder  Nut.  (Z-)  An  upright  shrub  with  pale  showy  green 
foliage,  bearing  panicles  of  fragrant  white  flowers  in  May  and  June.  One  of 
the  best  early-flowering  shrubs. 

STEPHANANDRA 

S.  flexuosa.  (M}  A  handsome,  graceful  shrub  with  spreading,  drooping 
branches  and  elegant  foliage.  Bears  pure  white  flowers  in  panicled  racemes  in 
June.  Useful  for  shrubberies  and  rocky  banks.  In  autumn  the  foliage  takes 
on  handsome  purplish  coloring. 

STYRAX 

S.  Japonica.  (/,)  A  strong  grower,  with  slender,  spreading  branches  and 
fragrant  white  flowers  in  pendulous  racemes  in  June  and  July.  A  valuable  and 
handsome  sort  that  should  be  more  largely  used. 

SYMPHORICARPUS 


racemosus.  Snowberry.  (A/)  An  ornamental  shrub,  with  rose- 
colored  flowers  in  loose  racemes  in  July  and  August,  followed  by  white  ber- 
ries, which  remain  until  late  in  the  winter.  Chiefly  valued  for  its  showy  fruit. 
An  excellent  sort  for  planting  in  densely  shaded  places,  under  trees  where 
little  else  will  grow,  and  thrives  in  any  soil. 

vulgaris.  Coral  Berry.  (M)  Though  of  more  compact  growth,  it 
closely  resembles  S.  racemosus.  The  flowers,  in  dense  terminal  spikes  in  July, 
are  succeeded  by  dark  purplish  red  berries,  smaller  than  the  fruit  of  5.  race- 
mosus, and  hanging  in  closer  clusters.  Valued  for  its  persistent  foliage  and 
fruits,  and  well  adapted  for  shady  places.  One  of  the  most  valuable  plants 
for  use  as  an  undergrowth,  where  the  roots  of  large  trees  are  so  close  to  the 
surface  as  to  prevent  a  growth  of  grass. 

95 


SYRINGA.     Lilac 

These  old-fashioned  shrubs  are  always  popular,  and  with  the  present  revival  of 
the  "old-fashioned  garden"  no  collection  is  complete  without  them.  No  matter 
how  small  the  garden,  every  one  wants  Lilacs  in  May;  and  everywhere  in  the 
country,  be  it  near  a  roadside  farm  or  in  the  garden  or  shrubbery  of  a  fine  estate, 
one  finds  them  adding  beauty  and  sweetness  to  any  surroundings,  with  their 
exquisite  plumes  of  purple  and  white  flowers.  The  range  of  varieties  we  offer  will 
give  Lilacs  for  over  a  month. 

The  old  varieties  have  lately  been  much  improved  upon  by  expert  growers. 
We  can  offer  a  superb  collection  of  the  choicest  kinds,  very  strong  plants  that  will 
give  results  at  once. 

S.  Chinensis;  syn.,  Rothomagensis.  Rouen  Lilac.  (L)  A  strong 
grower,  with  arching  branches  and  large  foliage.  Flowers  of  an  intense  violet- 
blue  ;  variable. 

S.  Japonica.  (L)  A  pyramidal  small  tree  with  upright  branches,  broad 
foliage  and  yellowish  white  flowers  in  small  panicles  in  June  and  July. 

S.  Josiksea.  (L)  An  upright  grower,  with  stout  branches  and  broad 
dark  green  foliage.  Late  in  June  it  bears  large,  purple  flowers.  A  variety  of 
fine  habit,  and  valuable  on  account  of  its  late  bloom. 

S.  Josiksea,  var.  eximia.  (L)  Large  panicles  of  clear  rose  flowers,  darker 
in  the  buds. 

S.  Josiksea,  var.  H.  Zabel.  (L)  The  flower-spikes  of  this  sort  are  larger 
than  those  of  S.  Josikaa,  pink  in  the  bud  and  lilac-red  when  opened. 

S.  Pekinensis.  (L)  A  large  shrub  with  slender,  spreading  branches, 
dark  green  foliage  and  yellowish  white  flowers  in  large  panicles  at  the  ends  of 
the  branches.  Of  excellent  habit,  and  holds  foliage  very  late. 

S.  Persica.  (M)  A  beautiful  shrub  with  slender  branches  and  long, 
narrow  foliage.  The  pale  lilac  flowers  produced  in  May  and  June  are 
extremely  fragrant. 

S.  Persica,  var.  alba.  (L)  In  form  and  habit  the  same  as  S.  Persica, 
but  the  flowers  are  white. 

S.  Persica,  var.  laciniata.  (M)  A  form  of  dwarfer  habit,  with  very 
finely  divided  foliage.  The  flower  panicles  are  smaller. 

S.  Persica,  var.  violacea.     (M)     This  is  the  darkest  of  all  Persian  Lilacs. 

S.  villosa.  (L)  A  stout,  bushy  grower,  with  bright  green  foliage  and 
large,  branching  panicles  of  flowers,  light  purple  in  bud,  rosy  white  when 
open,  and  very  fragrant.  It  resembles  somewhat  the  White  Fringe,  and 
blooms  late  in  May. 

S.  villosa,- var.  Emodi.  (L)  A  form  with  narrower  foliage  and  loose 
heads  of  whitish  flowers  in  early  June.  Valuable  on  account  of  its  late 
flowering. 

S.  vulgaris.  Common  Lilac.  (L)  A  strong,  vigorous,  upright  shrub, 
with  rich,  dark  green  foliage,  and  large  panicles  of  fragrant  purplish  flowers 
in  May.  Possibly  the  best  known  of  all  Lilacs.  (See  plate  on  page  99.) 

S.  vulgaris  alba.  (L)  A  form  of  S.  vulgaris  with  same  general  charac- 
teristics and  pure  white,  fragrant  flowers.  (See  plate  on  page  95.) 

96 


DECID170173  SHRJSB3 


NAMED    VARIETIES    OF    SYRINGA    VULGARIS     (L) 


Alba  grandiflora.  Very  large,  pure 
white  single  flowers. 

Albert  the  Good.  An  erect,  vigor- 
ous grower,  with  large  spikes  of  red- 
dish purple  flowers. 

Amethyst.  Violet -purple  flowers 
of  fine  size  ;  very  prolific  bloomer. 

Amoena.  Claret -colored  flowers  ; 
very  fragrant. 

Charlemberg.  A  distinct  variety  ; 
flowers  very  small,  light  purple  shaded 
with  pink  ;  truss  compact. 

Charles  X.  Leaves  large  and  shin  - 
ing  ;  rather  loose  truss  of  reddish  pur- 
ple ;  a  rapid,  strong  grower. 

Colmariensis.  Very  large,  pale 
blue  flowers  and  fine,  glossy  foliage ; 
distinct  and  fine. 

Docteur  Masters.  Double.  Spikes 
one  foot  long ;  flowers  very  light, 
round,  clear  lilac,  lighter  in  the  middle. 

Edouard  Andre.  Large  spikes  of 
clear  rose  flowers  of  irregular  form, 
buds  darker.  An  early-flowering  sort. 

Frau  Bertha  Dammann.  One  of 
the  best  single  sorts  of  recent  intro- 
duction. The  truss  is  immense ; 
flowers  of  medium  size  and  pure  white. 
Profuse  bloomer. 

Gloire  de  Moulins.  Long,  rosy 
lilac  panicles ;  individual  flowers  very 
large  and  fragrant. 

James  Booth.     Pale  violet ;  single. 

Languis.  A  new  single  variety, 
blooming  until  late.  Panicles  large ; 
individual  flower  of  medium  size ; 
color  rosy  lilac,  of  a  distinct  shade. 

La  Tour  d'Auvergne.  Flowers 
double,  very  large  ;  violet-purple.  A 
strong  grower. 

Le  Gaulois.  Panicles  very  large 
and  compact ;  flowers  double,  deep 
peach  color. 

Lovaniensis.  A  very  distinct  shade 
of  silvery  pink.  The  single  flowers 
are  in  large,  erect  panicles,  and  show 
to  good  advantage. 


Marc  Micheli.  Very  large  spikes 
of  enormous  double  flowers.  Clear 
lilac-blue,  nearly  white  underneath. 
A  pretty  variety. 

Marie  Le  Gray.  Large  panicles  of 
single  white  flowers.  Valuable  for 
forcing. 

Mathieu  de  Dombasle.  Panicles 
of  medium  size ;  flowers  small,  very 
double ;  reddish  mauve.  Very  free- 
flowering. 

Michael  Buchner.  A  dwarf  grower, 
with  very  large,  erect  panicles  of  very 
double  pale  lilac  flowers.  Quite  dis- 
tinct. 

President  Grevy.  A  very  fine 
double  variety,  with  large  panicles  of 
beautiful  blue  flowers.  One  of  the  best. 

President  Loubet.  Long,  compact 
spikes  of  enormous  flowers,  reddish 
carmine  in  the  bud  and  opening  pur- 
plish red.  One  of  the  darkest  Lilacs. 

President  Massart.  Large  panicles 
of  single  flowers,  red  in  the  bud, 
heliotrope  when  open. 

Prince  Nottger.  Single  ;  reddish 
purple  ;  large  truss. 

Princess  Alexandra.     One  of  the 

finest  white  varieties ;  panicles  large. 

Princesse     Camille     de     Rohan. 

Single ;  color  same  as  S.  vulgaris. 
Truss  dense  ;  the  most  compact  of  the 
single  varieties. 

Princesse  Marie.  Purewhite, single, 
compact.  Later  than  other  varieties. 

Rubra  de  Marley.  Single ;  rich 
rosy  purple. 

Senateur  Volland.  Double  flowers 
of  rosy  red  ;  a  fine  variety. 

Souvenir  de  Ludwig  Spaeth. 
Panicles  long;  individual  flowers  large, 
single,  dark  purplish  red  ;  distinct ; 
superb.  The  finest  of  its  color. 

Verschaffelt.  Single;  dark  red  in 
bud,  lilac  when  open;  distinct. 

Ville  de  Trpyes.  Fine;  has  large 
panicles  of  single  dark  purple  flowers. 

97 


TAMARIX 

T.  Africana;  syn.,  parviflora.  (L)  A  strong-growing  shrub,  with 
brown  bark  and  slender  branches,  bearing  in  April  and  May  bright  pink 
flowers  in  slender  racemes.  The  flowers  are  produced  on  last  year's  branches. 

T.  Dahurica.  (S)  A  small -growing  shrub,  with  bluish  green  foliage  and 
light  pink  flowers. 

T.  Gallica.  (L)  A  strong  shrub,  with  slender,  spreading  branches,  bluish 
green  foliage  and  racemes  of  rosy  white  flowers  from  May  until  July. 

T.  Gallica,  var.  Indica.  (M)  Of  upright  and  more  slender  growth  than 
T.  Gallica.  The  foliage  is  dull  green,  and  the  flowers  in  long,  slender  racemes 
are  pink,  and  borne  on  the  new  wood. 

T.  hispida,  var.  sestivalis.  (M)  A  seedling  from  T.  kispida,  of  more 
vigorous,  and  not  so  compact  a  type.  The  branches  are  covered  in  July  with 
large  flowers  of  bright  carmine-pink. 

VACCINIUM 

V.  corymbosum.  Swamp  Huckleberry.  (M)  A  tall,  straggling  shrub, 
flowering  in  short  racemes  on  bare  twigs,  followed  by  blue-black  berries  of 
excellent  flavor.  A  valuable  plant  for  fruit  or  ornament.  In  the  fall  the 
foliage  colors  to  brilliant  shades  of  crimson. 

VIBURNUM 

V.  acerifolium.  (S)  A  shrub  with  slender  upright  branches,  broad,  light 
green,  maple-like  foliage,  and  white  flowers  in  flat  cymes  in  May  and  June. 
The  fruit  is  crimson,  turning  to  purplish  black,  and  the  foliage  turns  to  dark 
rich  purple.  This  does  fairly  well  under  trees. 

V.  cassinoides.  White  Rod.  (M)  An  upright  shrub,  with  oblong 
leaves  of  dull  green.  Flowers  yellowish  white,  followed  by  fruit  which  changes 
from  green  to  red  and  black.  A  good  shrub  for  borders. 

V.  dentatum.  Arrow-wood.  (L)  An  upright  shrub,  with  handsome, 
glossy  green  foliage.  The  flowers  in  May  and  June  are  white,  in  flat  cymes, 
and  are  followed  by  clusters  of  crimson  berries  which  turn  to  black. 

V.  dilatatum.  (L)  An  upright  grower,  with  broad  foliage  and  pure  white 
flowers,  in  short  cymes,  in  May  and  June.  A  very  free-flowering  sort  and 
specially  attractive  for  the  scarlet  fruit,  which  remain  on  the  branches  until 
quite  late. 

V.  Lantana.  Wayfaring  Tree.  (L)  A  strong,  upright  grower,  with 
broad  wrinkled  foliage  and  bearing  white  flowers  in  broad  cymes  in  May  and 
June.  These  are  followed  by  large  clusters  of  fruits,  bright  red  and  changing 
to  black.  The  berries  are  quite  showy,  as  they  do  not  all  color  at  the  same 
time,  and  the  black  and  red  fruits  are  mingled  on  the  bunch.  A  good  grower 
and  well  adapted  for  dry  situations. 

V.  Lentago.  Sheep-berry.  (L)  A  strong-growing  shrub,  with  slender 
branches  and  light  green,  glossy  foliage.  The  flowers  in  May  and  June  are 
creamy  white  and  very  fragrant,  and  the  fruit  bluish  black. 

98 


Syringa  vulgaris.     See  page  96. 


Bush  of  Syringa  vulgaris  alba.     See  page  96. 


DECID17O173  SHJ^/BS 


VIBURNUM,    continued 

V.  molle.  (M)  A  native  species  very  similar  to  V.  dentatum,  but  the 
foliage  and  fruit  are  larger  and  it  blooms  about  twenty  days  later. 

V.  Opulus.  High  Cranberry  Bush.  (L)  One  of  the  showiest  varieties 
of  the  Snowball.  The  large  white  flowers  are  borne  in  profusion  at  the  end 
of  May,  and  are  followed  by  clusters  of  showy  scarlet  berries,  which  retain 
their  color  until  late  in  the  autumn. 

V.  Opulus,  var.  sterile.  Guelder  Rose.  (L)  This  is  the  old-fashioned 
Common  Snowball.  The  flower-heads  are  much  more  loose  and  open  than 
those  of  V.  Opulus ;  it  blooms  about  the  same  time.  This  variety  does  not 
carry  any  fruit. 

V.  Opulus,  var.  nana.  The  Dwarf  Guelder  Rose.  (VD)  A  very  dwarf, 
compact  little  shrub,  seldom  growing  more  than  two  feet  in  height.  It  has  the 
typical  foliage,  but  does  not  flower.  A  valuable  plant  for  beds  of  dwarf 
shrubbery  and  for  an  edging. 

V.  plicatum.  Japanese  Snowball.  (M)  One  of  the  most  popular  of 
the  Viburnums  ;  the  foliage  is  handsome,  and  the  pure  white  flowers,  in  denser 
heads,  show  beautifully  against  the  purplish  foliage.  (See  plate  on  page  100.) 

V.  plicatum,  var.  rotundifolium.  Very  much  like  V.  plicatum  in  habit, 
but  the  leaves  are  broader  and  rounder,  and  the  heads  of  the  flower  larger  and 
open  earlier. 

V.  plicatum,  var.  tomentosum.  The  Single  Japan  Snowball.  This  single 
form  of  the  plicatum  forms  a  broad,  handsome  bush,  very  symmetrical,  with 
striking  brown  branches  and  beautifully  ribbed  foliage,  green  above  and  bronzy 
purple  beneath.  The  pure  white  flowers  are  borne  in  large  showy  flat  cymes 
about  the  middle  of  May,  and  are  followed  by  scarlet  berries.  This  variety  is 
not  well  known,  but  deserves  wider  planting. 

V.  prunifolium.  Black  Haw.  (L)  A  vigorous -growing  shrub,  with 
stout  branches  and  handsome  dark  green,  shining  foliage.  The  flowers  in 
April  and  June  are  pure  white,  borne  in  broad  cymes  and  are  followed  by  oval, 
dark  blue  fruit. 

V.  Sieboldi.  (L)  A  vigorous  grower,  with  dark  green  shining  foliage, 
bearing  in  May  and  June  panicles  of  white  flowers.  The  pink  fruit  which 
follows  changes  to  bluish  black  when  ripe. 

VITEX 

V.  Agnus-castus.  Chaste  Tree.  (L)  A  strong -growing  shrub,  with 
grayish  foliage,  and  in  July  and  September  bears  lilac  flowers  in  terminal 
racemes.  This  shrub  has  a  strong  aromatic  odor. 

XANTHOCERAS 

X.  sorbifolia.  (L)  One  of  the  least  known  and  handsomest  shrubs  in 
cultivation.  The  foliage  somewhat  resembles  that  of  the  Mountain  Ash.  In 
May  it  is  covered  with  clusters  of  white  flowers,  with  a  blotch  changing  from 
yellow  to  red  at  the  base  of  each  petal.  It  is  very  floriferous  and  is  well 
suited  for  specimen  planting.  It  does  best  in  a  sunny  situation ;  prefers  a 
loamy  soil. 

101 


XANTHORRHIZA 

X.  apiifolia.  Shrub  Yellow  Root.  (S)  A  very  dwarf  shrub,  which  repro- 
duces by  means  of  suckers.  For  this  reason  it  is  very  useful  for  planting  on 
steep  banks.  It  thrives  in  damp  and  shady  places.  The  leaves  are  in  clusters 
from  the  terminal  bud,  and  in  April  it  bears  small,  deep  purple  flowers.  The 
habit  of  the  plant  is  very  low,  and  it  is  valued  as  an  undergrowth  for  its  rich 
foliage,  which  turns  to  bright  yellow  in  the  autumn. 


MEMORANDA 


102 


UNDER  this  heading  will  be  found  some  of  the  most  valuable  foliage  and 
flowering  plants,  suitable  for  shrubbery  borders  or  large  beds.     Clumps 
of  the  grasses,  with  the  center  of  Arundo  Donax,  make  very  ornamental,  lasting 
and  thoroughly  satisfactory  groups.     They  thrive  with  very  little  care,  and  year 
by  year  make  stronger,  showier  beds. 

ARUNDO 

A.  Donax.  This  noble  reed,  with  its  graceful  tropical  foliage,  is  the 
hardiest  and  most  useful  of  the  bamboo-like  plants,  and  particularly  effective 
when  planted  in  an  isolated  position  on  the  lawn  or  on  the  margin  of  a  lake  or 
stream.  The  canes  of  this  plant  with  us  attain  the  height  of  18  to  20  feet. 

A.  Donax,  var.  variegata.     A  form  of  the  above,  but  with  foliage  marked 

with  creamy  white  ;    it  seldom  grows  more  than  5  to   7  feet  in  height,  and 
requires  some  protection  during  the  winter. 

BAMBUSA 

B.  Metake.     This  is  a  true  Bamboo;   a  native  of  Japan.     It  grows  from 

5  to  8  feet  in  height,  and  has  bright  green,  palm-like  foliage.     Succeeds  well  in 
almost  any  situation,  and  is  excellent  for  planting  on  steep  banks. 

ERIANTHUS 

E.  Ravennae.  A  hardy  ornamental  grass  which  grows  from  9  to  12  feet 
high,  frequently  throwing  up  from  30  to  50  flower-spikes.  It  resembles  the 
Pampas  Grass,  but  the  grayish  brown  blooms  are  smaller. 

EULALIA 

E.  Japonica.  A  beautiful,  hardy,  ornamental  Japanese  grass.  The  foli- 
age is  deep  green,  and  in  autumn  it  bears  long  flower-spikes,  surmounted  with 
panicles  of  purplish  brown  flowers.  One  of  the  most  useful. 

E.  Japonica,  var.  variegata.  A  beautiful  form.  The  long,  narrow  leaf- 
blades  are  striped  with  a  broad  band  of  white.  In  habit  of  growth  and  flower 
the  same  as  the  foregoing. 

E.  Japonica,  var.  gracillima  univittata.  This  form  in  growth  and  flower 
resembles  the  preceding,  but  the  leaves  are  very  much  narrower,  giving  the 
plant  a  more  graceful  habit. 

E.  Japonica,  var.  zebrina.  Resembles  E.  Japonica,  but  the  long  leaf- 
blades  are  marked  across  the  leaf  with  broad,  regular  bars  of  yellow. 

GYNERIUM 

G.  argenteum.  Pampas  Grass.  One  of  the  most  ornamental  and  showy 
grasses.  Requires  protection,  and  repays  the  care  given  it  by  its  handsome  foli- 
age and  its  large,  silvery  white  plumes,  produced  on  stems  6  to  8  feet  in  height. 

PHALARIS 

P.  arundinacea,  var.  variegata.  Ribbon  Grass.  A  dwarf  grass,  foliage 
striped  with  white.  Excellent  for  bordering  shrubberies  or  beds  of  grasses. 

103 


^e^^ 

VINE 
CLMBING 


ACTINIDIA 

A.  polygama.  Japan.  Strong  climber  of  exceptional  value  where  a  quick  - 
growing,  clean-foliaged  plant  is  desired.  Foliage  glossy  green  ;  flowers  white, 
with  a  purple  center  in  July,  followed  by  yellow  fruits. 

AKEBIA 

A.  quinata.  Japan.  A  charming  climber,  with  shining,  almost  evergreen 
foliage  and  clusters  of  chocolate-colored,  fragrant  flowers  in  June,  followed  by 
dark  purple  berries.  Very  desirable. 

AMPELOPSIS 

A.  quinquefolia.  Virginia  Creeper.  A  native  climber,  very  hardy,  and  of 
extremely  rapid  growth.  The  beautiful  leaves  are  deeply  cut  and  turn  to  rich 
crimson  in  the  autumn.  An  excellent  vine  for  covering  trees,  walls,  rocky 
slopes  and  banks.  (See  plate  on  page  109.) 

A.  quinquefolia,  var.  Englemanni.  Similar  to  A.  quinquefolia^  but  of 
somewhat  more  clinging  habit,  and  with  smaller,  denser  foliage.  Colors  beau- 
tifully in  the  fall. 

A.  tricuspidata ;  syn.,  Veitchii.  Japan,  or  Boston  Ivy.  Possibly  the  best 
known  of  all  climbers.  Suitable  for  planting  on  walls  and  about  buildings, 
and  when  once  established  it  grows  with  great  rapidity  and  clings  very  closely 
to  any  surface.  No  plant  surpasses  it  for  covering  buildings,  and  it  thrives  in 
the  heart  of  the  city  as  well  as  in  the  suburbs.  The  leaves  are  broad,  dark 
green  and  glossy,  and  in  the  fall  color  rich  crimson. 

ARISTOLOCHIA 

A.  Sipho.     Dutchman's  Pipe  Vine.     A  strong  grower,  with  huge  thick 

and  shining  cordate  leaves  of  a  pretty  light  green,  6  to  12  inches  across,  and 
hanging  so  that  they  overlap  each  other.  It  bears  curious  purplish  pipe- 
shaped  flowers,  but  it  is  chiefly  for  its  luxuriant  foliage  and  rapid  growth  that 
the  plant  is  valued. 

BIGNONIA.     Trumpet  Vine 

B.  grandiflora.     Trumpet  Vine.     A  strong,  rapid  grower,  of  rather  bushy 

habit,  and  bearing  large  flowers  of  brilliant  orange-red.  It  blooms  earlier  than 
fB.  radicans. 

B.  radicans.  Scarlet  Trumpet  Vine.  One  of  the  strongest  and  most 
ornamental  climbing  vines.  Its  foliage  is  a  deep,  rich  green,  and  flowers  dark, 
rich  crimson.  It  is  of  much  more  rapid  growth  than  <5.  grandiflora,  and 
clings  much  closer.  Unsurpassed  for  covering  trees,  rough  walls  or  rocky 
slopes. 

104 


AND  CLIMBING 


CELASTRUS 

C.  scandens.  Bittersweet.  A  rapid  -growing,  climbing  shrub,  with  orna- 
mental, light  green  foliage,  yellow  flowers  in  June  and  bright  orange-yellow 
and  crimson  fruit  in  autumn.  A  most  suitable  plant  for  covering  trees, 
rocks,  rough  walls  and  trellis  work.  It  is  also  found  an  excellent  grower  on 
steep  banks,  as  it  increases  by  suckers  and  helps  to  keep  steep  slopes  from 
washing. 

CLEMATIS 

C.  coccinea.  A  rapid  -growing,  handsome  and  hardy  sort,  with  good 
foliage,  and  covered  from  June  to  late  fall  with  bright  coral-red  flowers. 

C.  crispa.  A  beautiful  delicate  species,  bearing  from  June  until  frost  beau- 
tiful fragrant,  purplish  or  lavender-colored  flowers. 

C.  Flammula.  Sweet  Clematis.  A  hardy,  rapid  climber,  with  small, 
dark  green  foliage  which  remains  until  late  in  the  winter,  and  in  the  early  fall 
the  plant  is  covered  with  small  white  fragrant  flowers.  An  excellent  sort  for 
the  porch  or  the  trellis. 

C.  graveolens  ;  syn.,  orientalis.  A  strong,  rapid  climber,  with  smooth, 
shining  foliage,  and  bearing  in  August  and  September  light  yellow  flowers. 

CLEMATIS    LANUGINOSA    HYBRIDS 

Large-flowering  varieties.  These  are  among  the  most  useful  climbing  plants 
for  porch,  trellis  or  garden  work.  Their  perfect  hardiness,  together  with  their 
good  foliage  and  magnificent  flowers,  make  them  a  most  desirable  class  of  plants. 
The  following  will  be  found  the  best  for  general  planting  : 

Duchess  of  Edinburgh.     White;      Jeanne  d'  Arc.     Fine  white. 
double-  Kermesina.     Brilliant  red. 


Lady  CaroHne   NeviUe.     French. 

white,  mauve  bars. 
Gem.     Sky-blue.  _  .      .       ri     .,  „  .    ... 

'  ,.  .     Lilacma  flonbunda.     Pale  lilac. 

Henryi.     Creamy  white  ;   large  and  . 

handsome.  Madame  Van  Houtte.    Pure  white; 

Jackmani.  Large,  rich  violet  -purple  ; 

a  free  bloomer  ;  most  popular.  Miss  Bateman.    White.     A  hardy, 

Jackmani,  var.  alba.     Similar  to  C.         viS°rous  grower' 

Jackmani,  but  with  pure  white  flowers.      President.     Intense  blue. 

Clematis  paniculata.  One  of  the  finest  and  most  popular  of  this  class.  It 
is  a  very  vigorous,  rapid  grower,  with  handsome  foliage,  and  in  late  summer  is 
completely  covered  with  dense  sheets  of  medium-sized,  pure  white  flowers,  of 
pleasing  fragrance.  It  is  perfectly  hardy,  and  not  only  valuable  for  the  porch 
and  the  trellis,  but  magnificent  when  allowed  to  grow  wild  over  rough  walls 
or  rocky  banks.  (See  plate  on  page  no.) 

C.  Virginiana.  Wild  Clematis.  A  very  vigorous,  rapid  native  climber, 
bearing  in  July  and  through  September  panicles  of  pure  white  flowers.  An 
excellent  variety. 

DOLICHOS.       See    Pueraria 

105 


EUONYMUS 

E.  radicans.  Creeping  Euonymus.  A  low,  trailing  shrub,  whose  pros- 
trate branches  root  along  the  ground.  It  is  a  very  desirable  sort  for  covering 
rocky  banks  or  rough  walls,  and  is  perfectly  hardy.  The  foliage  is  small,  dull 
green  ;  the  growth  is  very  close. 

E.  radicans,  var.  variegata.  Variegated  Creeping  Euonymus.  A  form 
of  the  above,  with  foliage  variegated  with  creamy  white  and  light  rose.  In 
the  fall  it  turns  to  a  beautiful  shade  of  purplish  pink. 

E.  Japonica.  Large-leaved  variety.  This  sort  closely  resembles  the  ever- 
green shrub  Euonymus  Japonica,  but  the  leaves  are  more  oblong,  and  in  addi- 
tion to  its  bushy  form,  it  has  a  climbing  habit ;  the  foliage  is  very  dark  green 
and  glossy,  leaves  about  I  Yz  inches  long.  It  will  be  found  a  valuable  sort,  but 
is  not  so  high  a  climber  as  the  foregoing. 

HEDERA 

H.  Helix.  English  Ivy.  This  plant  is  so  well  known  as  to  need  but  little 
description.  It  will  be  found  quite  hardy  and  very  satisfactory,  especially 
when  planted  on  a  northern  exposure.  Very  useful  for  covering  walls  or  bare 
spaces  under  trees  where  grass  will  not  grow,  and  in  such  places  it  often  covers 
the  trunks  of  the  trees  to  a  height  of  8  or  10  feet. 

HYDRANGEA 

H.  scandens.  Climbing  Hydrangea.  A  vine  from  Japan,  with  shining 
green  leaves  and  white  flowers,  in  loose  clusters  in  June.  It  must  have  some- 
thing to  cling  to  before  it  will  run,  being  like  the  common  ivy  in  this  respect. 

JASMINUM.       See    Deciduous    Shrubs 

LATHYRUS 

L.  latifolius.  Everlasting  Pea.  This  is  a  good,  strong  grower,  with  light 
grayish  green  foliage,  and  bearing  in  late  summer  large  clusters  of  pea-shaped, 
rose-colored  flowers.  A  useful  vine  for  trellis  work,  and  can  be  used  to 
advantage  in  wild  plantings  and  on  rocky  banks. 

L.  latifolius,  var.  albus.  White  Everlasting  Pea.  Similar  in  habit  and 
growth  to  the  foregoing,  but  with  white  flowers. 

LEUCOTHOE.      See    Evergreen    Shrubs 

LONICERA.      Honeysuckle 

L.  Japonica.  A  strong,  climbing  vine,  with  half -evergreen,  oblong, 
smooth  foliage,  bearing  in  midsummer  fragrant  white  flowers,  which  change 
to  yellow  and  are  often  marked  on  the  outside  with  purple. 

L.  Japonica,  var.  brachypoda;  syn.,  flexuosa.  A  form  with  dark  green 
foliage,  but  not  as  strong  a  climber  as  L.  Japonica.  Flowers  yellow  and 
fragrant. 

106 


VINES  AND  CLIMBING  "PLANTS 


LONICERA,    continued 

L.  brachypoda,  var.  aurea  reticulata.  This  is  the  well-known  Golden 
Honeysuckle,  chiefly  valued  for  its  foliage,  which  is  beautifully  marked  with 
deep  golden  yellow,  and  in  the  late  fall  sometimes  marked  with  rosy  pink. 
This  variety  is  of  almost  evergreen  habit. 

L.  Japonica,  var.  Chinensis.  This  form  is  distinguished  from  L.  Japonica 
by  its  very  dark,  purplish  green  foliage.  It  is  almost  evergreen  and  bears  fra- 
grant yellow  flowers. 

L.  Japonica,  var.  Halleana.  A  popular  and  valuable  variety,  with  smooth , 
glossy,  dark  green  foliage.  It  flowers  later  than  the  other  sorts  and  holds  its 
foliage  throughout  the  winter.  (See  plate  on  page  115.) 

L.  sempervirens,  var.  fuchsioides.  Scarlet  Trumpet  Honeysuckle.  One 
of  the  showiest  and  most  prolific  bloomers  and  an  excellent  climber.  It  has 
fine  foliage,  and  throughout  the  summer  bears  large  bunches  of  bright  scarlet 
flowers  which  are  followed  by  scarlet  berries. 

PERIPLOCA 

P.  Graeca.  Silk  Vine.  A  strong,  rapid  grower,  with  dark  green,  glossy 
foliage,  and  bearing  in  July  small  purple  flowers.  A  valuable  plant  for  cov- 
ering arbors,  trellis  work  or  trunks  of  trees. 

PUERARIA 

P.  Thunbergiana ;  syn.,  Dolichos  Japonicus.  Kudzu  Vine.  This  is 
considered  the  most  rapid  of  all  climbers,  and  is  very  useful  for  covering  trees 
or  trellis  work.  Its  leaves  are  large  and  handsome,  and  in  late  August  and 
September  it  is  covered  with  racemes  of  pea-shaped  flowers  of  rosy  purple 
color.  The  flowers  are  not  showy,  the  plant  being  valued  for  its  extremely 
rapid  growth  and  luxuriant  foliage. 

TECOMA.       See    Bignonia 

VITIS 

V.  aestivalis.  Summer  Grape.  A  strong,  tall -climbing  vine,  with  large 
foliage,  noticeable  for  the  reddish  brown  fuzz  on  the  under  side  of  the  leaves  ; 
the  berries  are  small,  black,  with  a  very  tough  skin. 

V.  heterophylla,  var.  variegata.  A  native  of  Japan,  valued  for  its  orna- 
mental foliage,  as  the  leaves  are  marked  with  creamy  white  ;  the  flower  has 
some  fragrance. 

V.  Labrusca.  Fox  Grape.  A  strong,  rapid -climbing  vine,  with  large, 
thick  leaves,  dull  green  above,  but  the  under  surface  covered  with  tawny 
white  or  reddish  brown  tomentum.  The  berries  are  large,  purplish  black  to 
reddish  brown,  with  a  musty  flavor. 

V.  vulpina;  syn.,  riparia.  Frost  Grape.  A  vigorous  grower,  with  bright 
green  foliage  ;  leaves  medium  to  large.  The  flowers  are  sweet-scented,  and 
the  small  berries  purplish  black  with  a  blue  bloom.  They  ripen  late  and 
remain  until  after  frost.  (See  plate  on  page  116). 

107 


^NJDORRA  JVl 
Chestnut  Hill,  'PhilaSeh 


WISTARIA 

W.  Chinensis.  Chinese  Wistaria.  One  of  the  best  of  all  hardy  climbers. 
It  thrives  in  a  sunny  situation,  and  when  in  good  soil  grows  quite  rapidly. 
Valuable  for  covering  trees,  large  trellis  work  or  porches,  and  can  be  used  in 
shrubbery  borders  when  trained  to  standard  form.  When  in  flower  the  great 
clusters  of  pea-shaped  bloom  give  a  more  showy  effect  than  any  other 
climbing  vine.  Flowers  in  May,  producing  clusters  of  richly  perfumed  violet- 
blue  blossoms.  (See  plate  on  page  109.) 

W.  Chinensis,  var.  alba.     A  form  with  pure  white,  fragrant  flowers. 

W.  magnifica.  American  Wistaria.  A  native  sort,  bearing  medium - 
sized  panicles  of  pale  lilac-colored,  fragrant  flowers. 

W.  multijuga.  A  Japanese  species,  with  immense  panicles  of  deep  purple 
flowers. 


MEMORANDA 


108 


No.  i,  Ampelopsis  quinquefolia. 

See  page  104. 

No.  2,  Wistaria  Chinensis. 
See  page  108. 


Clematis  paniculata.     See  page  105. 


FRJSITS 


FRUIT-BEARING  trees  may  be  planted  as  well  for  shade  and  ornament  as 
for  th^  flavor  of  their  products.     This  department  therefore  receives  care- 
ful attention ;    and  we  succeed,  by  a  thorough  system  of  training  and  pruning, 
in  preparing  for  our  customers  handsome  and  healthy  specimens. 

TREATMENT  OF  FRUIT  TREES. — We  cannot  attempt  here  to  give  com- 
plete directions  on  all  points  connected  with  the  treatment  of  fruit  trees  and 
bushes,  owing  to  our  limited  space,  and  it  is  hardly  necessary  when  there  are  so 
many  excellent  works  treating  this  subject.  If  desired,  we  shall  be  glad  to 
recommend  the  best.  In  the  absence  of  these,  the  simple  directions  found 
under  the  various  headings  will  be  found  useful. 

APPLES 

Plant  30  to  40  feet  apart.  They  should  have  the  shoots  of  one  season  cut  back 
to  insure  healthy  growth.  It  is  highly  injurious  to  newly  planted  fruit  trees,  espe- 
cially those  of  vigorous  growth,  to  leave  the  shoots  at  full  length.  The  varieties 
listed  are  not  all  that  can  be  successfully  grown  here,  but  are  a  select  list  of  varie- 
ties that  are  found  satisfactory  in  all  sections  where  the  Apple  can  be  grown.  The 
dates  of  their  ripening  are  given  for  the  middle  states. 

SUMMER    APPLES 

Early  Harvest.  July.  Medium  to  large  size;  pale  yellow;  tender,  with 
a  mild,  fine  flavor.  Tree  a  moderate,  erect  grower  and  good  bearer;  a  beauti- 
ful and  excellent  variety  for  both  orchard  and  garden,  being  one  of  the  first 
to  ripen. 

Golden  Sweet.  August  and  September.  Large  yellow;  a  very  fair,  fine, 
sweet  Apple.  Tree  a  free  grower,  spreading,  irregular  and  productive. 

Red  Astrachan.  July.  Undoubtedly  the  handsomest  early  Apple,  of  large 
size,  and  good  for  table  use.  The  color  is  deep  crimson,  streaked  with  yellow. 

Summer  Rambo.  August  and  September.  Medium  ;  pale  yellow  and 
delicate  crimson  ;  juicy  and  tender,  with  a  pleasant,  refreshing  subacid  flavor ; 
very  vigorous  and  productive. 

Sweet  Bough.  August.  Pale  yellow,  large  and  roundish.  The  flesh  is 
white  and  sweet.  A  vigorous  grower  and  very  productive.  Popular  as  a 
dessert  fruit. 

Tetofsky.  August.  A  Russian  Apple ;  medium  size,  with  a  yellow  ground, 
handsomely  striped  with  red,  and  covered  with  a  whitish  bloom  ;  flesh  juicy, 
sprightly  acid  and  agreeable.  Tree  a  moderate,  stocky  grower  ;  very  hardy 
and  productive. 

Yellow  Transparent.  July.  A  Russian  Apple,  of  medium  size,  roundish, 
slightly  conical;  skin  pale  yellow  when  fully  mature;  flesh  tender,  juicy, 
sprightly  subacid  ;  good,  a  free  grower. 

Ill 


AUTUMN    APPLES 

Duchess  of  Oldenburgh.  September.  Of  Russian  origin.  Large  size, 
roundish  ;  streaked  with  red  and  yellow ;  flesh  whitish,  juicy  ;  flavor  sprightly, 
subacid.  Tree  a  vigorous  grower,  very  hardy ;  very  early  and  abundant 
bearer.  We  recommend  it  as  one  of  the  most  valuable  sorts  for  market  or 
domestic  use. 

Gravenstein.  September  and  October.  A  superb  German  Apple.  Bright 
yellow,  marbled  and  splashed  with  red.  Of  high  flavor ;  productive  and 
satisfactory. 

Maiden's  Blush.  August  and  September.  Large,  flat;  pale  yellow,  with 
a  red  cheek ;  beautiful ;  tender  and  pleasant,  but  not  highly  flavored. 
Tree  an  erect,  free  grower  and  a  good  bearer.  A  valuable  Apple. 

Red  Bietigheimer.  September.  A  new  and  very  valuable  German 
variety  ;  fruit  of  very  large  size  ;  color  light  yellow,  nearly  covered  with  red 
(purplish  crimson  when  exposed  to  the  sun).  Tree  a  magnificent  spreading 
grower,  bearing  immense  crops.  Excellent  quality. 

WINTER    APPLES 

American  Golden  Russet  (Bullock's  Pippin).  November  to  March. 
Medium,  roundish;  dull  yellow,  slightly  russeted ;  juicy,  rich  and  spicy. 
Moderate  grower  and  good  bearer.  Excellent  table  variety. 

Baldwin.  November  to  March.  Very  good,  large;  yellow,  striped  with 
crimson;  crisp,  rich,  subacid;  one  of  the  most  reliable  in  all  soils.  An  old 
variety  but  one  of  the  very  best. 

Bellefleur.  November  to  February.  Large;  yellow,  with  a  tinge  of  red 
on  the  sunny  side ;  flesh  crisp,  juicy,  with  a  sprightly,  aromatic  flavor  ;  a 
beautiful  and  excellent  fruit.  Valuable  for  baking.  The  tree  is  a  free  grower 
and  a  good  bearer. 

Fallawater.  November  to  February.  A  very  large  and  handsome  Apple 
from  Pennsylvania  ;  quality  good.  Tree  vigorous  ;  bears  young  and  abundan Jy. 
An  excellent  variety  for  domestic  use. 

King  of  Tompkins  County.  November  to  March.  A  superb  red 
Apple  of  the  largest  size  and  finest  quality.  Tree  a  vigorous  grower  and  good 
bearer;  hardy. 

Northern  Spy.  November  to  March.  Very  good,  large;  pale  yellow, 
striped  with  red  ;  fine-grained  and  tender,  with  a  peculiarly  fresh  and  delicious 
flavor,  slightly  subacid  ;  a  fine  dessert  Apple,  requiring  high  culture. 

Rhode  Island  Greening.  November  to  February.  Everywhere  well 
known  and  popular  ;  tree  spreading  and  vigorous  ;  a  great  and  constant  bearer 
in  nearly  all  soils  and  situations  ;  fruit  rather  acid,  but  excellent  for  dessert 
and  cooking. 

Smith's  Cider.  November  to  March.  Large,  handsome,  red  and  yellow; 
juicy,  acid  ;  quality  medium ;  a  moderate  grower  and  good  bearer  ;  succeeds 
well  in  the  South  and  West. 

Wealthy.     November   to    February.     Originated    near    St.    Paul,    Minn 
Fruit  medium,  roundish;    skin  smooth,  mostly  covered  with  dark  red;   flesh 
white,    fine,   juicy,    vinous,   subacid ;    very   good.     Tree   very   hardy,  a   free 
grower  and  productive. 

112 


THE    CRAB    APPLE 

Plant  25  to  35  feet  apart.  These  trees  are  very  useful  for  ornamental  pur- 
poses. They  make  fine  heads,  have  handsome  foliage,  and  exquisitely  colored  blos- 
soms. One  of  the  finest  fruits  for  preserving. 

Hyslop.  October.  Large,  deep  crimson;  very  popular  on  account  of  its 
large  size  and  beauty.  Tree  vigorous. 

Large  Red  Siberian.  September  and  October.  Medium  ;  bright  red, 
covered  with  a  light,  transparent  bloom  ;  excellent  for  preserving. 

Large  Yellow  Siberian.  September  and  October.  Pale  yellow,  with  a 
light  blush  ;  very  valuable  for  preserving. 

Transcendent.  September.  Very  good,  large  ;  yellow,  mostly  covered 
with  red  ;  very  agreeable  when  fully  mellow  ;  vigorous  and  productive. 

CHERRIES 

Plant  30  to  40  feet  apart.  Aside  from  their  desirability  for  domestic  use,  the 
cherry  is  a  profitable  tree,  and  very  ornamental.  They  prefer  a  light,  loamy  soil, 
and  will  not  thrive  in  wet  or  clayey  land. 

LARGE  RED  SOUR  CH  ERRIES— DUK  ES  AND  MORELLOS 

Early  Richmond.  June.  An  early,  red,  acid  Cherry;  valuable  for  cook- 
ing ;  early  in  the  season. 

Empress  Eugenie.  Mid-July.  Large,  dark  red;  flesh  juicy,  rich. 
Similar  in  appearance  and  quality  to  the  May  Duke. 

May  Duke.  Mid- June.  An  old,  well-known,  excellent  variety;  large, 
dark  red,  juicy,  subacid,  rich.  Tree  hardy,  vigorous  and  fruitful.  Ripens 
over  a  long  period. 

Montmorency  (Ordinaire).  July.  A  beautiful  large,  red,  acid  Cherry; 
larger  and  finer  than  Early  Richmond  and  fully  ten  days  later.  Extraordi- 
narily prolific  and  very  hardy.  A  free  grower. 

Late  Duke.  July  and  August.  Large,  dark  red,  heart-shaped;  flesh  yel- 
lowish, with  pleasant  flavor.  Excellent  for  dessert  or  canning. 

LARGE   SWEET    C  H  ERRIES  — H  E  ART  S    AND     BIGARREAUS 

Black  Eagle.  July.  A  very  excellent  English  variety;  large  size,  deep 
purple,  or  nearly  black.  Flesh  deep  purple,  tender,  with  a  rich,  high-flavored 
juice.  Ripens  a  few  days  later  than  the  Black  Tartarian. 

Black  Tartarian.  Late  June.  Fruit  of  the  largest  size,  bright  purplish 
black  ;  flesh  purplish,  thick,  juicy,  very  rich  and  delicious.  A  vigorous,  erect 
grower,  and  an  immense  bearer.  An  excellent  table  fruit. 

Governor  Wood.  Mid -June.  Large,  light  yellow,  shaded  with  bright 
red  ;  flesh  nearly  tender,  juicy,  sweet,  rich  and  delicious  ;  a  vigorous  grower 
and  very  productive. 

Napoleon.  July.  A  magnificent  Cherry  of  the  largest  size;  pale  yellow, 
becoming  amber  in  the  shade,  richly  dotted  and  spotted  with  deep  red,  and 
with  a  bright  red  cheek  ;  flesh  very  firm,  juicy  and  sweet.  A  free  grower. 

Yellow  Spanish.  Late  June.  Large;  pale  yellow,  with  a  red  cheek  in 
the  sun  ;  flesh  firm,  juicy  and  delicious  ;  one  of  the  best,  most  beautiful  and 
popular  of  all  light-colored  Cherries. 

113 


ANDORRA  7V&R&ERIES 

ChestnutHW,  'Philadelphia 


NUTS    AND    NUT    TREES 

"  Nut  culture  is  an  industry  that  until  recently  has  received  but  little  atten- 
tion. The  large  returns  from  individual  trees  and  the  immense  profits  from  estab- 
lished orchards  have  stimulated  the  interest,  and  our  foremost  enterprising  fruit- 
growers are  planting  Nut  Trees  largely  for  market  purposes;  and  others  who 
enjoy  the  nuts  during  the  winter  are  realizing  that  in  order  to  have  an  abundant 
supply  it  is  only  necessary  to  plant  the  trees,  as  hardy  varieties  are  now  grown  that 
succeed  in  all  sections  of  the  United  States." 

CHESTNUTS 

American  Sweet.  For  quality  and  sweetness  of  its  nuts,  this  well-known 
tree  of  our  forests  is  unsurpassed.  See  page  43. 

Spanish.  A  handsome  round-headed  tree,  producing  abundantly  very 
large  nuts  that  find  ready  market  at  good  prices.  See  page  43. 

HYBRID    CHESTNUTS 

Paragon.  An  early  and  heavy  bearer,  producing  large,  sweet  nuts.  It 
also  makes  a  desirable  shade  tree. 

Numbo.  Very  hardy  and  productive.  Bears  early;  nuts  very  large  and  of 
good  flavor. 

SHELLBARK.     See  Carya  alba,  under  Deciduous  Trees. 
WALNUT,  Black.     See  Juglans  nigra,  under  Deciduous  Trees. 

PEACHES 

Plant  15  to  20  feet  apart.  Few  fruit  trees  give  more  satisfaction  than  the 
Peach.  They  succeed  best  on  warm  light  soil,  which  should  be  well  enriched. 
Keep  the  ground  clean  and  mellow  around  the  trees,  and  give  an  occasional  dress- 
ing of  wood-ashes.  They  must  be  regularly  and  carefully  examined,  to  hold  the 
borer  in  check,  and  when  they  are  found,  cut  them  out  at  once.  Peach  trees  need 
heavy  pruning,  especially  when  planted. 

Belle  of  Georgia.  Mid-August.  An  excellent  new  white-fleshed  Peach. 
Skin  creamy  white,  with  red  cheek.  A  freestone  of  extreme  hardiness. 

Crawford's  Early.  Mid -August.  A  magnificent  large  yellow  Peach  of 
good  quality.  Its  fine  size,  beauty,  vigor  and  productiveness  commend  it. 

Crawford's  Late.  Last  of  September.  Fruit  of  large  size;  skin  yellow 
or  greenish  yellow,  with  dull  red  cheek  ;  flesh  yellow  ;  tree  vigorous. 

Elberta.  Mid -August.  Of  great  size  and  beauty;  yellow,  with  red 
cheek.  Flesh  yellow,  juicy  and  delicious.  A  very  prolific,  freestone  variety. 

Mountain  Rose.  Early  August.  Large  red;  flesh  white,  juicy,  rich 
and  excellent ;  one  of  the  best  early  varieties. 

Morris  White.  Early  September.  Medium;  straw-color,  tinged  with 
red ;  juicy  and  delicious  ;  freestone  and  very  prolific. 

Oldmixon  Free.  Early  September.  Large,  roundish  or  slightly  oval; 
skin  pale  yellowish  white,  marbled  with  red,  the  cheeks  a  deep  red ;  flesh 
white  and  tender,  with  an  excellent  rich,  sugary  and  vinous  flavor.  Freestone. 

Stump  the  World.  Late  September.  Good,  large,  creamy  white  and 
red  ;  flesh  white,  juicy  and  highly  flavored.  Very  productive.  Freestone. 

114 


Lonicera  Japonica,  var.  Halleana. 


Vitis  vulpina  (Frost  Grape).     See  page  107. 


PEACHES,    continued 

Susquehanna.  Late  September.  A  large,  handsome  variety,  nearly 
globular;  skin  rich  yellow,  with  beautiful  red  cheek;  flesh  yellow,  sweet, 
juicy,  with  a  rich  vinous  flavor.  Freestone. 

Troth's  Early.  Late  September.  A  very  early  and  excellent  Peach,  of 
medium  size  ;  whitish,  with  a  fine  red  cheek ;  flesh  white,  juicy,  sweet  and 
very  good  ;  one  of  the  most  popular  and  profitable  varieties  for  early  market- 
ing. Freestone. 

Ward's  Late.  First  of  October.  Large;  yellowish  white,  with  red  cheek 
in  the  sun;  flesh  nearly  white  ;  tree  vigorous.  Freestone. 

Wheatland.  Early  October.  The  largest,  hardiest  and  best  of  its  season; 
flesh  yellow,  firm,  juicy,  of  good  quality.  Freestone. 

PEARS 

Plant  25  to  30  feet  apart.  The  following  list  will  be  found  to  cover  the 
fruiting  season,  and,  as  the  sorts  listed  are  all  tested  and  standard  varieties,  we  arc 
sure  they  will  give  every  satisfaction. 

SUMMER     PEARS 

Bartlett.  September.  Large,  yellow;  very,  juicy,  fine-grained,  buttery, 
sweet  and  highly  perfumed ;  vigorous  and  productive,  commencing  to  bear 
when  quite  young. 

Clapp's  Favorite.  August  and  September.  Very  good,  large;  lemon- 
yellow,  marbled  with  crimson;  fine-grained,  juicy,  buttery,  melting,  sweet, 
vinous,  and  a  little  perfumed.  Vigorous  and  very  productive. 

Doyenne  d'Ete.  Late  July.  Very  good,  small:  yellow,  dotted  with  red; 
melting,  juicy,  sweet  and  pleasant.  Vigorous  and  productive. 

AUTUMN     AND     WINTER     PEARS 

Beurre  d'Anjou.  October  and  November.  Large,  russety  yellow;  melt- 
ing, juicy,  with  a  brisk  vinous  flavor;  vigorous  and  very  productive. 

Buffum.  September.  Good,  medium;  deep  yellow,  shaded  with  red; 
juicy,  buttery  and  sweet ;  very  vigorous,  productive  and  reliable. 

Duchesse  d'Angouleme.  October.  Very  good;  very  large;  greenish 
yellow,  spotted  with  russet ;  juicy,  buttery  and  rich  ;  a  magnificent  dessert 
Pear. 

Howell.  September  to  October.  Very  good,  large;  light  yellow,  with 
red  cheeks  and  russet  dots;  juicy,  melting,  with  a  brisk  vinous  flavor;  free 
grower  and  profuse  bearer. 

Kieffer's  Hybrid.  October  and  November.  This  originated  on  the 
grounds  of  Peter  Kieffer,  within  two  miles  of  Andorra.  Hybrid,  by  the 
crossing  of  the  Chinese  Sand  Pear  with  a  European  sort  which  is  supposed 
to  be  the  William.  This  variety  produces  constantly  every  season  ;  the  fruit 
is  large ;  the  flesh  firm,  white,  buttery,  juicy,  of  good  quality.  An  excellent 
sort  for  canning. 

Lawrence.  November  to  January.  Medium;  light  yellow,  with  brown 
dots ;  juicy,  melting,  sweet  and  aromatic ;  moderate  grower,  abundant  bearer, 
and  unsurpassed  among  winter  Pears. 

117 


ANDORRA  W&RSERIES 
ChevtnutHill,  'Philadelphia 


AUTUMN    AND    WINTER    PEARS,    continued 

Rutter.  October  and  November.  Fruit  medium  to  large  and  nearly  globu- 
lar; skin  rough,  greenish  yellow,  sprinkled  with  russet;  flesh  white,  mode- 
rately juicy,  melting,  sweet,  slightly  vinous  ;  good  bearer.  Very  good. 

Seckel.  August  to  October.  The  standard  of  excellence  in  the  Pear; 
small,  but  of  the  highest  flavor.  Tree  a  stout,  slow,  erect  grower. 

Sheldon.  October.  A  Pear  of  the  very  first  quality;  large,  round; 
russet  and  red  ;  melting,  rich  and  delicious.  Tree  vigorous,  erect  and  hand- 
some, and  bears  well. 

Worden- Seckel.  October  to  December.  One  of  the  newer  varieties. 
A  seedling  of  the  Seckel,  but  larger  and  a  better  keeper.  Flesh  fine-grained, 
juicy  and  buttery. 

JAPAN    PLUMS 

The  hardy  varieties  of  this  class  have  been  well  tested  in  nearly  all  sections, 
and  are  proving  most  valuable  introductions,  succeeding  in  many  places  where  the 
European  varieties  cannot  be  depended  on.  They  unite  size,  beauty  and  produc- 
tiveness. Trees  are  ornamental,  wonderfully  productive,  and  come  into  bearing 
at  the  age  of  two  or  three  years.  Flesh  firm  and  meaty.  The  following  varieties 
have  all  fruited  at  Andorra,  and  we  recommend  them  highly. 

Abundance.  Early  August.  Tree  a  strong  and  handsome  grower,  thrifty 
and  hardy  ;  produces  large  crops  of  showy  fruit  in  the  greatest  profusion. 
Large,  oblong,  nearly  covered  with  bright  red  and  with  a  heavy  bloom  ;  flesh 
orange-yellow,  sweet,  melting,  rich,  juicy,  of  most  excellent  quality. 

Burbank.  Late  August.  A  very  vigorous  grower,  usually  producing  a 
crop  the  second  year  after  transplanting.  Large,  nearly  globular;  clear  cherry 
red,  with  a  thin  lilac  bloom  ;  flesh  deep  yellow,  very  sweet,  with  a  very  agree- 
able flavor.  Hardy  ;  one  of  the  best  for  both  garden  and  market  planting. 

Chabot.  Late  July.  Very  large,  oblong,  bright  yellow  covered  with  car- 
mine ;  flesh  yellow,  very  firm  and  of  excellent  quality.  A  prolific  bearer. 

Satsuma.  August.  Large,  color  purple  and  red,  with  blue  bloom;  flesh 
firm,  juicy,  dark  red  or  blood  color,  of  fine  quality  ;  pit  very  small.  Hardy 
and  vigorous  grower. 

Willard.  Late  July  to  early  August.  Dark  red  bordering  on  purple; 
flesh  white,  firm  and  excellent.  A  vigorous  grower,  hardy  and  productive. 

QUINCES 

Plant  15  feet  apart.  This  tree  thrives  best  in  a  deep  rich  soil,  and  should  not 
be  severely  pruned.  It  is  subject  to  attacks  from  the  borer  and  should  be  exam- 
ined frequently. 

Champion.  An  American  sort,  as  large  as  the  Portugal  Quince;  very  fine  ; 
bright  yellow,  good  quality  ;  a  good  keeper. 

Orange  (Apple).  Large;  fine  golden  color;  quite  tender,  with  a  very 
excellent  flavor  ;  very  productive  and  quite  tender  when  stewed.  An  old  but 
popular  sort. 

Rea's  Mammoth.  Very  large  and  fine  variety;  fruit  round  and  large  as 
an  orange.  Tree  vigorous  and  bears  well. 

118 


CHOICE, 


Small    Fruits 


BLACKBERRIES 

Plant  6  to  8  feet  apart  in  a  moderately  rich  soil,  cutting  off  the  tops  to  within 
3  or  4  inches  of  the  ground.  As  soon  as  they  bear,  cut  out  the  old  wood,  leaving 
only  the  new  shoots  for  the  following  season.  During  the  growing  season  cut  back 
the  ends  of  the  strong  shoots  ;  this  tends  to  produce  larger  and  finer  berries. 

Early  Harvest.  The  berry  is  of  fair  size  (not  large),  long  form;  splen- 
did shipper  and  of  good  quality  ;  juicy  and  of  excellent  flavor,  requiring  but 
little  sugar.  Early,  hardy  and  excessively  prolific. 

Eldorado.  Good  size,  extra  fine  quality,  extreme  hardiness,  great  pro- 
ductiveness, —  a  rare  combination  of  first-class  qualities  not  often  met  with  in 
one  fruit. 

Erie.  Berries  medium  or  large  size,  black  when  ripe;  firm,  sweet  and  of 
good  quality. 

Kittatinny.  Large,  juicy,  sweet  and  excellent  ;  hardy  and  productive. 
Considered  a  profitable  late  berry. 

Snyder.  Berry  medium,  but  of  excellent  quality;  hardy,  of  strong  growth 
and  enormously  productive  ;  ripens  early. 

Wilson  Junior.  Of  large  size  and  unsurpassed  production,  fine  flavor  and 
early  ;  an  excellent  market  sort. 

CURRANTS 

Plant  4  to  5  feet  apart.  No  small  fruit  is  more  useful  or  more  generally 
planted.  Every  garden  should  have  a  few.  They  are  of  easiest  culture,  thriving 
in  almost  any  soil  and  needing  little  care.  Prune  very  little,  only  remove  sufficient 
old  wood  to  induce  new  growth. 

Cherry.     Red  ;  very  large  ;  on  a  small  bunch  ;   a  strong  grower. 
Fay's  Prolific.     Red.     The  most  productive  red  Currant. 

Red  Dutch.  Very  good;  large  and  rich  -flavored;  very  productive,  hardy 
and  reliable  ;  valuable  for  the  market. 

White  Dutch.    One  of  the  largest,  finest  and  best  whites;  very  productive. 

Lee's  Prolific.  Black.  We  recommend  this  sort  as  the  best  black,  and 
unsurpassed  for  culinary  purposes. 

GOOSEBERRIES 

Plant  4  to  5  feet  apart.  A  fruit  always  in  demand,  and  no  one  can  afford  to 
do  without  them.  They  require  a  deep,  rich  soil  and  careful,  thorough  pruning. 

Downing.  Very  large,  whitish  green,  soft  and  juicy.  Vigorous  and  very 
productive.  Excellent  for  family  use. 

Houghton.  Very  good.  Medium,  pale  red,  very  tender.  Vigorous  and 
very  productive. 

Industry.  One  of  the  few  varieties  that  are  free  from  mildew  in  this 
country.  Dark  red  ;  large  and  of  fine  flavor. 

119 


Chestnut Hill, 


GOOSEBERRIES,    continued 

Smith's  Improved.  Large,  light  green,  firm.  Moderately  vigorous  and 
exceedingly  productive.  Requires  good  soil,  and  is  unsurpassed  for  table  use 
and  cooking. 

Chautauqua.  This  white  Gooseberry  is  of  the  finest  quality  and  size,  and 
excels  in  vigor  and  yield.  Probably  a  seedling  of  some  English  sort.  The 
bush  of  the  Chautauqua  is  a  very  vigorous,  stout,  stiff,  upright  grower.  It 
should  not  be  planted  closer  than  4  by  6  feet  apart.  Its  leaves  are  large,  glossy 
and  dark  green.  Its  fruit  is  of  a  beautiful  color,  perfectly  free  of  spines  and 
hair,  veined  and  translucent,  averaging  in  size  I  to  I  Y*  inches  in  diameter.  It 
is  rather  thick-skinned,  but  very  sweet  and  of  exquisite  flavor. 

GRAPES 

Plant  8  feet  apart.  No  fruit  gives  more  satisfactory  returns  for  the  care 
bestowed  upon  them.  They  require  a  deep,  rich,  well-drained  soil.  They  can  be 
trained  on  stakes,  but  a  wire  trellis  is  found  the  most  satisfactory.  Prune  closely 
each  spring,  before  the  buds  break,  leaving  but  two  or  three  eyes  of  the  past  year's 
wood.  Wood-ashes  and  ground  bone  are  excellent  fertilizers. 

BLACK 

Concord.  A  large,  compact,  shouldered  bunch  ;  berries  large,  black  and 
of  excellent  flavor.  One  of  the  most  popular  and  desirable  sorts. 

Moore's  Karly.  Very  large  bunch,  and  large  berry,  bluish  black,  sweet 
and  pf  excellent  flavor.  Ripens  very  early. 

Worden.  Bunch  large  and  shouldered;  berry  large,  juicy  and  sweet,  with 
excellent  flavor.  This  sort  resembles  Concord,  but  ripens  much  later.  A 
good  variety  for  any  purpose. 

RED 

Brighton.  Bunch  large  and  shouldered;  berry  medium,  sweet,  tender 
and  slightly  aromatic.  Ripens  early. 

Catawba.  Bunch  medium  and  shouldered;  berry  large,  sweet  and  aro- 
matic. An  excellent  sort  and  one  of  the  most  popular. 

Delaware.  Bunch  small  and  very  compact;  berry  small,  sweet  and  aro- 
matic. An  early  sort  and  quite  popular. 

WHITE 

Geneva.  Bunch  medium;  berry  of  good  size,  thin-skinned,  sweet  and 
delicious.  One  of  the  newer  sorts  and  of  excellent  quality. 

Green  Mountain.  Bunches  of  good  size  and  heavily  shouldered;  berry 
medium,  greenish  white,  sweet,  juicy  and  tender.  An  excellent  variety  and 
very  hardy. 

Niagara.  Bunch  large  and  shouldered;  berry  large,  greenish  yellow, 
sweet,  juicy  and  tender.  A  popular  and  productive  variety. 

Pocklington.  Bunch  large  and  compact,  sometimes  shouldered;  berry 
large,  golden  yellow,  juicy  and  of  excellent  flavor.  A  seedling  of  Concord, 
and  one  of  the  best. 

120 


No.  i,  Persian  Yellow  Rose.    Page  116. 
No.  2,  Rosa  setigera.    Page  in. 


No.  3 
No.  4 


Cluster  of  Crimson  Rambler.    Page  in. 

MOSS    Rose.     Page  i  jo. 


CHOICE 


RASPBERRIES 

Plant  4  to  6  feet  apart,  cutting  the  canes  to  within  3  or  4  inches  of  the  ground. 
Wood  which  has  borne  should  be  removed,  leaving  only  new  canes  for  the  follow- 
ing season.  They  grow  in  almost  any  soil,  but  prefer  a  light,  rich  loam.  Give 
thorough  cultivation  and  enrich  liberally. 

Columbian.  Red.  Very  large,  dark  red,  rich  and  delicious.  One  of  the 
newer  sorts,  which  promises  to  be  valuable. 

Cuthbert.  Red.  Large;  firm;  deep,  rich  crimson;  of  excellent  quality; 
tall,  strong  and  vigorous  ;  perfectly  hardy  and  very  productive  ;  succeeds  well 
in  almost  all  localities ;  ripens  medium  to  late. 

Golden  Queen.  Yellow.  Berries  large,  golden  yellow,  bright  and  firm, 
and  of  fine,  rich  flavor;  vigorous,  productive  and  healthy. 

Gregg.  Black.  Large  and  of  finest  flavor.  Ripens  late  and  is  an  excel- 
lent producer. 

Hansell.  Red.  Medium;  bright  crimson;  very  firm,  rich  and  of  good 
quality ;  very  early ;  desirable  for  market  and  one  of  the  very  best  for  home 
culture. 

Mammoth  Cluster  (Miami).  Black.  Very  good;  medium  size;  fine- 
flavored.  Very  late. 

STRAWBERRIES 

Strawberries  succeed  in  any  good  garden  soil,  but  prefer  it  light,  rich  and 
moist.  Plant  in  beds  4  feet  wide,  leaving  a  walk  between  the  beds,  and  set  the 
plants  15  to  1 8  inches  apart.  A  mulch  of  short  straw  or  grass  will  help  hold  the 
moisture  and  keep  the  fruit  clean.  A  covering  of  long  manure  or  leaves  during 
the  winter  months  will  be  found  beneficial. 

Bederwood.     Early.     Berry  of   large  size,   bright   red    and    of   excellent 

quality. 
Bismarck.     Early.     A  self -fertilizing  berry  of  excellent  quality,  large  size, 

fine  shape  and  good  color. 
Brandywine.     Late.     Berries  large,  bright  crimson  and  very  fine,  and  of 

fine  flavor. 
Bubach.      Mid-season.      Berry  large,  good   shape,  bright  scarlet  and  of 

good  quality. 

Chas.  Downing.  Mid-season.  Medium  to  large,  conical;  bright  crim- 
son, moderately  firm,  juicy  and  of  superb  flavor.  One  of  the  very  best  for 
home  use. 

Gandy.  Late.  Berries  large,  bright  crimson,  and  of  excellent  quality. 
Very  productive  and  in  all  respects  a  desirable  berry. 

Gladstone.  Mid -season.  Berries  large,  of  fine  shape  and  quality.  The 
plant  is  very  hardy  and  productive. 

Marshall.  Early.  Berry  of  large  size,  deep,  rich  crimson  color,  and  of 
delicious  flavor. 

Sharpless.  Mid-season.  A  grand  variety  in  every  respect ;  berries  uni- 
formly very  large,  deep,  clear  red  ;  moderately  firm,  sweet  and  excellent ;  a 
strong  grower  and  very  productive. 

123 


Esculent    Roots 

ASPARAGUS 

Asparagus  prefers  a  rich,  light  or  sandy  soil.  The  ground  should  be  well 
manured  and  dug  or  plowed  very  deep.  Strike  out  furrows  3  feet  apart.  Set  the 
plants  in  the  bottom  of  the  furrows,  about  10  or  12  inches  apart,  and  cover  the 
crowns  about  3  inches  deep.  They  may  be  planted  in  autumn,  or  early  in  the 
spring.  From  200  to  500  plants  will  be  sufficient  to  supply  a  moderate-sized 
family.  The  ground  should  be  kept  clean  and  well  worked,  and  as  the  plants 
increase  in  size  the  furrows  should  be  gradually  filled  in  until  the  crowns  are  cov- 
ered from  6  to  9  inches  beneath  the  surface  by  the  end  of  the  second  season.  The 
bed  should  be  cleared  off  and  covered  with  manure  in  the  autumn  and  dug  or 
plowed  across  the  rows  very  early  in  the  spring,  exercising  care  that  the  crowns 
shall  not  be  injured.  A  light  sprinkling  of  salt  or  brine  in  the  spring  is  beneficial. 
If  properly  planted  and  cared  for,  an  Asparagus  bed  will  continue  to  yield  for 
twenty-five  years  or  longer,  if  on  congenial  soil. 

Barr's  Mammoth.  A  new  variety,  originated  in  Montgomery  county, 
Pennsylvania,  for  which  the  introducers  claim  large  size,  great  productiveness 
and  superior  quality.  This  claim  is  endorsed  by  many  large  Asparagus 
growers  who  have  seen  it  and  been  familiar  with  it  for  years.  They  also  claim 
it  brings  ten  cents  per  bunch  more  than  other  varieties  in  Philadelphia  markets. 

Conover's  Colossal.  This  variety  is  much  superior  in  size  and  quality  to 
any  other,  being  remarkably  tender  and  fine-flavored. 

RHUBARB 

This  deserves  to  be  ranked  among  the  best  early  products  of  the  garden.  It 
affords  the  earliest  material  for  fine  pies  and  fresh  table  sauce,  continues  long  in  use, 
and  is  valuable  for  canning.  Make  the  ground  rich  and  deep,  as  for  asparagus. 
Plant  4  feet  apart  each  way. 

Myatt's  Linnaeus.  Those  who  have  never  grown  this  variety,  which  is 
of  superior  quality,  will  hardly  recognize  the  old  "  Pie  Plant."  It  is  an  early, 
tender  variety,  without  being  in  the  least  tough  or  stringy,  with  a  mild  sub- 
acid  flavor. 

Giant  Early  Prince,   Early  Crimson,  Early  Scarlet. 

MEMORANDA 


124 


CULTURAL    DIRECTIONS 

PREPARATION  OF  THE  GROUND.— Always  select  an  open,  sunny  place, 
exposed  to  full  light  and  air.  Roses  appear  to  best  advantage  when  planted  in 
beds  or  masses.  Roses  will  grow  in  any  fertile  soil,  but  are  much  improved  in 
bloom,  fragrance  and  beauty  by  rich  soil,  liberal  manuring  and  good  cultivation. 
The  ground  should  be  subsoiled  and  well  spaded  to  the  depth  of  2  feet  or  more, 
and  enriched  by  digging  in  good  cow  manure  or  other  good  fertilizing  material. 
Roses  are  gross  feeders  and  require  a  quantity  of  manure.  Renew  old  beds  by  de- 
cayed sods  taken  from  old  pasture-land. 

PLANTING. — When  the  ground  is  thoroughly  prepared  —  fine  and  in  nice 
condition — put  in  the  plant  slightly  deeper  than  it  was  before,  spread  the  roots  out 
evenly  in  their  natural  position,  and  cover  them  with  fine  earth,  taking  care  to  draw 
it  closely  around  the  stem,  and  pack  firmly  with  the  hand.  It  is  very  important  that 
the  earth  be  tightly  pressed  down  on  the  roots.  Budded  Roses  should  be  planted 
3  inches  below  the  bud,  but  in  all  cases  avoid  deep  planting.  A  mulch  of  litter 
will  be  found  very  beneficial. 

WATERING. — If  the  ground  is  dry  when  planted,  water  thoroughly  after  plant- 
ing, so  as  to  soak  the  earth  down  below  the  roots,  and,  if  hot  or  windy,  it  may  be 
well  to  shade  for  a  few  days.  After  this  not  much  water  is  required,  unless  the 
weather  is  unusually  dry. 

PRUNING. — Old  and  decayed  branches  and  at  least  half  the  previous  season's 
wood  should  be  cut  away  early  each  spring,  and  a  little  cutting  back  after  the  first 
blooming  will  insure  more  late  flowers.  Climbing  and  Pillar  Roses  should  not  be 
cut  back ;  but  the  tips  of  the  shoots  only  should  be  taken  off,  and  any  weak  or 
unripe  shoots  cut  out  altogether. 

FALL    AND    WINTER    TREATMENT 

In  the  fall  the  Rose  beds  should  have  a  good  dressing  of  stable  manure  or  other 
fertilizer.  The  winter  rains  will  carry  the  strength  to  the  roots,  and  the  remaining 
matter  makes  a  nice  mulch,  which  in  many  places  is  all  the  protection  necessary. 
Where  the  winters  are  not  very  severe  tender  Roses  may  be  covered  with  clean  rye- 
straw,  leaves  or  evergreen  branches,  not  too  thickly,  but  so  as  to  permit  consider- 
able circulation  of  air  and  not  to  retain  water  ;  nothing  should  be  used  that  will 
ferment,  heat  or  rot.  The  object  of  covering  is  to  break  the  force  of  sudden  and 
violent  changes,  particularly  in  March,  when  the  plants  should  be  protected  from 
the  sun,  rather  than  from  cold,  the  sudden  thawing  of  the  frozen  wood  doing  the 
damage. 

125 


Chestnut  Hill,  'Philadelphia 


BRIAR    ROSES 

AUSTRIAN    BRIARS 

Harrison's  Yellow.  Flowers  of  medium  size  and  semi -double  ;  color 
golden  yellow.  A  very  free  bloomer. 

Persian  Yellow.  Austrian  Rose.  Perfectly  hardy;  flowers  double  and 
full,  deep  golden  yellow  in  color;  blooms  very  freely  in  June.  The  finest 
hardy  yellow  Rose  grown.  This  Rose  requires  careful  pruning.  Remove  the 
weakly  wood  altogether,  and  shorten  only  a  few  inches  the  shoots  left  for 
flowering.  If  pruned  close  it  will  not  bloom,  as  the  flowers  are  produced 
from  the  terminal  shoots  of  the  old  wood.  (See  plate  on  page  121.) 

SWEETBRIARS 

Rosa  rubiginosa.  A  charming  shrub  Rose  of  dense  growth,  fragrant 
foliage,  bright  pink  flowers  in  June,  followed  by  large  orange-red  and  scarlet 
fruits.  Should  be  in  every  shrubbery  border. 

ROSA    RUBIGINOSA    HYBRIDS    (PENZANCE    BRIARS) 

Amy  Robsart.     Lovely  deep  rose  ;      Lady  Penzance.     Beautiful  soft  tint 
an    abundant    bloomer ;     robust    and          of  copper  ;  very  free-flowering. 

free>  Lord  Penzance.    Soft  shade  of  fawn 
Anne  of  Geierstein.     Dark  crim-  or  ecru,  passing  to  a  lovely  emerald- 
son  ;    foliage   large,   a   good    grower,  yellow. 

with  graceful  branching  habit.  Meg  Merrilies.    Gorgeous  crimson, 

Brenda.     Maiden's  blush,  or  peach.  very  free-flowering;  one  of  the  best. 

Flora  Mclvor.    Pure  white,  blushed  Minna.     Large,  pure  white,  open- 

with  rose.  ing  with  a  tint  of  palest  blush. 

BUSH    ROSES 

Rosa  Carolina.  Swamp  Rose.  A  bushy  Rose  with  dull  green  foliage  and 
showy  pink  flowers  from  June  until  the  close  of  September,  followed  by  bright 
crimson  fruits. 

R.  lucida.  One  of  the  best  Roses  for  shrubberies.  Its  shining  green  foli- 
age and  bright  pink  flowers  in  June  and  July  make  it  one  of  the  showiest,  and 
with  its  reddish  bark  and  bright  red  fruits  it  is  equally  attractive  in  the  winter 
months. 

R.  microphylla.  A  spreading  shrub,  bearing  pale  pink  flowers  in  June 
and  July. 

R.  multiflora.  A  vigorous  grower,  forming  a  good  round  specimen  bush. 
An  excellent  form  for  shrubbery  borders,  and  useful  for  hedges.  The  foliage 
is  attractive,  and  its  single  white  blossoms  in  June  literally  cover  the  plant ; 
when  planted  in  masses  makes  a  bank  of  snowy  white. 

R.  rubrifolia.  Red -leaved  Rose.  A  compact,  upright  grower,  with  pur- 
plish branches  and  reddish  foliage.  In  June  it  bears  pink  flowers,  and  these 
are  followed  by  scarlet  fruits.  The  red  foliage  is  very  effective  when  planted 
with  other  shrubbery. 

126 


CLIMBING    ROSES 

Most  useful  on  every  place  on  account  of  their  strong,  climbing  habit. 
They  may  be  trained  on  porches  and  trellis,  used  on  old  trees  and  posts,  trained  to 
tall  bushes  in  the  shrubberies,  and  as  a  covering  for  old  and  unsightly  outbuildings. 
Though  they  bloom  but  once  a  year,  their  handsome  glossy  foliage  renders  them 
attractive  at  all  seasons.  (See  plate  on  page  131.) 

PRAIRIE    ROSES 
Baltimore  Belle.     Pale  blush,  turning  white;   blooms  in  clusters. 

Grevillea,  or  Seven  Sisters.  The  flowers,  of  light  rose  changing  to 
white,  are  borne  in  clusters. 

Prairie  Queen.  Flowers  double,  red,  and  in  clusters.  One  of  the  best 
climbers  and  bloomers. 

Rosa  setigera.  The  Prairie  Rose.  Is  the  parent  of  many  of  our  popular 
climbing  varieties  and  one  of  the  most  useful.  It  is  of  rapid  growth,  with 
foliage  large  and  clean.  The  single  flowers  of  deep  rose  are  produced  in 
masses  through  late  lune  and  July.  It  is  unsurpassed  for  covering  steep  banks 
and  hillsides.  (See  plate  on  page  121.) 

RAMBLERS 

Crimson  Rambler.  No  introduction  of  recent  years  has  given  so  much 
satisfaction  and  been  so  largely  planted  as  this  grand  Rose.  It  is  a  perfectly 
hardy  and  exceptionally  strong  grower,  frequently  making  shoots  of  loto  15  feet 
in  length  in  a  single  season.  The  brilliant  crimson  flowers  are  borne  in  clusters, 
retain  their  color  well  and  remain  a  long  time.  (See  plate  on  page  121.) 

White  Rambler.  Thalia.  A  perfectly  hardy,  vigorous  climber,  with 
white  flowers. 

Yellow  Rambler.  Aglaia.  Perfectly  hardy,  of  vigorous  growth,  bearing 
trusses  of  fragrant  semi-double  flowers. 

EVERBLOOMING    ROSES 

The  Everblooming  or  Monthly  Roses  are  the  only  really  constant  bloomers  we 
have.  They  begin  to  bloom  early  in  the  season  or  almost  as  soon  as  planted,  and 
continue  all  through  the  summer  and  autumn  months  until  stopped  by  the  freezing 
weather.  They  bloom  and  flourish  luxuriantly  in  all  parts  of  the  country  from 
Canada  to  Mexico.  The  flowers  are  of  beautiful  form,  fullness  and  delight- 
ful fragrance,  embracing  all  the  lovely  shades  and  colors  that  Roses  ever  assume. 
Should  be  protected  well  in  the  winter  with  a  covering  of  leaves,  evergreen  boughs 
or  straw. 

HYBRID    TEAS 

Captain  Christy.  Flesh.  Delicate  fleshy  white,  the  center  richer  in  color, 
very  large  and  full ;  most  useful  early  and  late.  (See  plate  on  page  132.) 

Caroline  Testout.  Rose.  Bright  satin -rose,  with  brighter  center,  large, 
full  and  globular  ;  very  free  and  sweet ;  a  valuable  Rose. 

Cheshunt  Hybrid.  Cherry-red.  Beautiful  cherry-red,  large  and  full; 
very  free-flowering,  and  useful  for  climbing. 

12? 


EVERBLOOMING    ROSES    (HYBRID    TEAS),   continued 

Countess  of  Caledon.  Carmine.  Rich  carmine-rose.  Blooms  large,  of 
great  substance  and  perfect  form,  with  large,  stout  petals,  very  highly  per- 
fumed. A  first-rate  Rose. 

Duchess  of  Albany.  Deep  pink.  In  the  way  of  La  France,  but  deeper 
in  color.  The  flowers  are  very  large,  full  and  highly  perfumed  ;  one  of  the 
most  satisfactory  garden  Roses. 

Gladys  Harkness.  Salmon -pink.  A  Rose  of  very  great  beauty  and  dis- 
tinctness. The  growth  is  vigorous,  and  of  erect  branching  habit,  flowering 
profusely  ;  the  blooms  are  very  large  and  well  built  ;  petals  large,  very  smooth 
and  shell-shaped  ;  color  deep  salmon-pink,  reflex  of  petals  silvery  pink  ;  splen- 
did constitution  and  highly  fragrant. 

Kaiserin  Augusta  Victoria.  Primrose.  A  magnificent  free -blooming 
Rose,  of  beautiful  color  ;  in  every  way  an  excellent  variety. 

Kathleen.  Coral-pink.  Color  coral-pink,  suffused  with  rose,  base  of 
petal  shaded  yellow  ;  perfect  form  and  outline  ;  medium  size  ;  very  floriferous, 
and  highly  perfumed. 

L'Innocence.  White.  Flowers  medium,  full  and  globular,  always  open- 
ing well  ;  color  pure  white  ;  the  blooms  are  well  formed  and  freely  produced 
on  erect  stems. 

La  France.  Rose.  Beautiful  bright  pink-rose,  extra-large,  full  and  fine 
form.  This  is  one  of  the  sweetest  of  Roses,  free-blooming,  and  one  of  the 
best,  early  and  late. 

Madame  Eugene  Boullet.  Yellow.  Flowers  large,  cupped,  beautiful 
in  bud  ;  color  bright  yellow,  shaded  with  deeper  yellow  and  bright  carmine  ; 
very  attractive  and  distinct. 

Souvenir  du  President  Carnot.  Flesh -rose.  Very  free;  bud  long,  in 
the  way  of  Niphetos  ;  flowers  very  large  and  full  ;  color  rosy  flesh,  shaded 
white  at  the  edges  of  the  petals  ;  form  perfect.  A  very  fine  variety  for  all 
purposes. 

MISCELLANEOUS    EVERBLOOMING    ROSES 

Beryl  (Tea).  Yellow.  Deep  golden  yellow;  buds  long  and  perfectly 
shaped,  very  highly  perfumed.  Wherever  cut-flowers  are  in  demand  for  but- 
tonholes or  decorative  work,  this  will  prove  a  most  valuable  acquisition. 

Catherine  Mermet  (Tea).  Flesh.  Light  flesh  color,  large,  full  and 
globular  ;  a  charming  sort,  and  one  of  the  best  for  exhibiting. 

Clothilde  Soupert  (Polyantha).  Rosy  white.  Outer  petals  pearly  white, 
centers  rosy  ;  large  for  its  class  ;  very  full  and  beautifully  imbricated  ;  exquisite. 

Etoile  de  Lyon  (Tea).  Yellow.  Bright  sulphur-yellow,  fine  form. 
Good  under  glass. 

Francisca  Kruger  (Tea).  Yellow  peach.  Coppery  yellow,  shaded  with 
peach,  large  and  full.  A  grand  Rose.  Very  useful  for  cutting. 

Francis  Dubreuil  (Tea).  Crimson.  Flowering  abundantly;  flowers 
large,  beautiful  in  the  bud  ;  color  velvety  crimson.  A  variety  of  much  merit, 
and  much  the  best  of  this  color. 

128 


MISCELLANEOUS    EVERBLOOMING    ROSES    continued 

Herrnosa  (China).  Pink.  Much  like  old  blush  in  color;  flowers  rather 
full,  and  freely  produced  ;  a  good  grower. 

Maman  Cochet  (Tea).  Rosy  white.  An  extra-strong  grower,  produc- 
ing its  large  buds  and  flowers  in  the  greatest  profusion  ;  color  deep  rose-pink, 
inner  side  of  petals  silvery  rose  ;  borne  on  long,  stiff  stems  ;  very  double  and 
exquisite  when  in  bud. 

Souvenir  de  la  Malmaison  (Bourbon).  Flesh.  Clear  flesh,  edges  blush; 
very  large  and  double;  deliciously  scented  and  beautiful,  particularly  so  in 
the  autumn. 

White  Maman  Cochet  (Tea).  White.  Identical  with  Maman  Cochet, 
except  in  color  ;  an  ideal  bedding  variety. 

HYBRID     PERPETUAL     ROSES 

These  are  strong  growers,  with  fine  large  foliage  and  magnificent  flowers. 
They  are  generally  known  as  June  Roses,  as  they  produce  their  grand  display  of 
bloom  in  that  month.  The  following  sorts  cover  a  good  range  of  color  and  are 
all  tested  and  desirable  : 

Alfred  K.  Williams.  Carmine-red.  Large,  full,  and  of  most  perfect 
form  ;  a  brilliant  and  beautiful  variety  ;  a  free  bloomer  and  fragrant. 

Baroness  Rothschild.  Rose.  Very  beautiful  pale  rose  ;  very  large  and 
of  superb  form ;  a  grand  Rose. 

Captain  Hayward.  Carmine -crimson.  Bright  carmine -crimson,  of  per- 
fect form,  and  sweetly  scented  ;  certainly  a  grand  Rose. 

Clio.  Flesh.  Shaded  in  the  center  with  rosy  pink;  large  and  globular 
in  form. 

Boule  de  Neige.  White.  Pure  white,  of  beautiful  form;  very  free 
bloomer  and  good  grower;  a  most  useful  Rose  for  bedding  or  climbing. 

Eugene  Verdier.  Rose -flesh.  Very  bright  rosy  flesh,  shaded  with  silvery 
white ;  free  bloomer  and  beautiful. 

General  Jacqueminot.  Scarlet.  Brilliant  crimson -scarlet ;  very  large  and 
full  ;  very  fragrant ;  an  excellent  variety  for  all  purposes. 

Lady  Helen  Stewart.  Crimson -scarlet.  Very  bright  crimson,  shaded 
with  scarlet;  a  good  grower  and  abundant  bloomer;  very  highly  perfumed. 

Louis  Van  Houtte.  Red -crimson.  Red,  shaded  crimson,  most  vivid 
and  distinct ;  large,  full  and  fine  form ;  one  of  the  best. 

Magna  Charta.  Rose.  Fine  bright  rose,  very  large  and  full;  fine  early 
in  season. 

Madame  Gabriel  Luizet.  Silvery  pink.  Light  silvery  pink;  very  free 
bloomer  and  an  excellent  hardy  sort ;  a  grand  flower,  and  quite  distinct ; 
best  in  early  season. 

Margaret  Dickson.  White.  White,  with  pale  flesh  center;  petals  very 
large,  shell-shaped  ;  of  immense  substance  and  magnificent  form  ;  growth  very 
vigorous  ;  a  very  fine  variety. 

129 


HYBRID    PERPETUAL    ROSES,    continued 

Merveille  de  Lyon.  White.  Center  slightly  rose-peach;  a  grand,  full 
cup-shaped  flower  of  large  size,  hardy  and  free  ;  one  of  the  best. 

Mrs.  R.  G.  Sharman-Crawford.  Rose -pink.  Deep  rosy  pink,  the  outer 
petals  shaded  with  pale  flesh,  white  at  base  of  petals,  and  distinct  from  all 
other  Hardy  Perpetual  Roses  ;  one  of  the  very  finest  Roses  grown. 

Mrs.  John  Laing.  Pink.  Soft  pink  in  color,  very  large  and  of  fine  form; 
a  good  grower  and  abundant  bloomer  ;  a  variety  of  special  merit. 

Paul  Neyron.  Deep  rose.  Flowers  of  enormous  size.  Fine  foliage 
and  growth. 

Prince  Camille  de  Rohan.  Deep  crimson.  Deep  velvety  crimson, 
large,  full  and  of  fine  form ;  very  beautiful. 

Ulrich  Brunner.  Cherry-crimson.  Large  size,  fine  form;  a  good 
garden  or  exhibition  Rose.  (See  plate  on  page  132.) 

MOSS    ROSES 

The  Moss  Rose,  admired  for  the  beautiful  moss  covering  of  the  buds,  is  a 
strong,  vigorous  grower,  perfectly  hardy,  and  therefore  justly  esteemed  as  very 
desirable  for  outdoor  culture.  Most  varieties  bloom  but  once  in  the  season,  and 
usually  not  the  first  year,  but  the  flowers  and  buds  are  very  large  and  handsome, 
remain  in  bloom  a  long  time,  and  are  highly  prized  wherever  beautiful  Roses  are 
known.  They  like  rich  ground,  and  are  much  improved  in  beauty  and  fragrance 
by  liberal  manuring  and  good  cultivation.  (See  plate  on  page  121.) 

Blanche  Moreau  White.  Pure  white,  perfect  form,  well  mossed;  the 
finest  white  moss  Rose. 

Crimson  Globe.  Deep  crimson.  Buds  nicely  mossed  ;  flowers  deep 
crimson,  large,  full  and  globular  ;  growth  very  vigorous. 

Zenobia.  Rose.  Flowers  fine  satin -rose  color,  very  soft  and  pleasing; 
large,  full,  globular,  and  exceedingly  fragrant ;  buds  well  mossed  ;  growth 
vigorous. 

RUGOSA     ROSES 

Rosa  rugosa.  Japanese  Roses.  These  Japanese  Roses  form  sturdy  bushes. 
They  are  perfectly  hardy  in  the  most  trying  places,  standing  hot  suns  well 
and  thriving  in  dry  or  sandy  soils.  The  dark,  rich,  leathery  foliage  is  oddly 
wrinkled  ;  the  large,  fragrant  single  and  semi-double  flowers  are  produced  in 
profusion  throughout  the  summer.  In  the  autumn  they  are  followed  by 
orange -red  and  scarlet  heps  or  seed-pods.  Rugosa  is  extremely  useful  in 
rough  situations  and  shrubbery  borders,  and  we  know  of  no  Rose  that  sur- 
passes it.  We  ask  special  attention  to  the  beautiful  hybrid  varieties  described 
on  page  133.  All  have  excellent  foliage,  and  their  flowers  are  a  decided 
change  from  the  regular  rugosa  blooms. 

R.  rugosa,  var.  alba.  White  flowers. 

R.  rugosa,  var.  rosea.  Pink  flowers. 

R.  rugosa,  var.  rubra.  Red  flowers. 
130 


No.  i,  Climbing  Rose  on  Tree.     See  page  127.     No.  2,  Rosa  rugosa.     See  page  ijo. 


No.  i,  Captain  Christy.     See  pasje  127.     No.  2,  Ulrich  Brunner.     See  page  130. 


ROSA   RUGOSA   HYBRIDS.   New 

Atropurpurea.  The  flowers,  produced  in  large  bunches,  are,  in  the  bud 
state,  almost  blackish  crimson,  and  pass  as  they  open  to  maroon-crimson  ; 
certainly  the  finest  of  the  class. 

Blanc  Double  de  Coubert.  A  double  white  form  of  Rugosa  alba;  large 
and  showy. 

Conrad  F.  Meyer.  Very  large  flowers ;  color  clear  silvery  rose ;  very 
fragrant.  The  bud  is  as  well  formed  as  La  France ;  very  good. 

Madame  Georges  Bruant.  Paper-white,  large  and  double,  produced  in 
clusters  ;  a  valuable  pure  white  decorative  Rose,  and  the  first  of  a  new  race  of 
hybrids ;  quite  distinct. 

Madame   Charles   Worth.      Rosy  carmine,   semi -double  ;    flowering   in 

large    bunches. 

Mrs.  F.  Waterer.  Color  deep  crimson,  flowering  in  great  clusters;  blooms 
semi-double  ;  very  fragrant. 

WICHURAIANA    ROSES 

EVERGREEN  JAPANESE  TRAILING  ROSES 

These  single  Roses  and  the  double  hybrid  varieties  are  a  most  desirable  class, 
as  their  trailing  habit  permits  their  use  as  a  ground-cover.     Planted  in  masses  on 
banks  and  rockeries  they   produce   gorgeous   effects ;    their  evergreen  foliage  re 
maining  nearly  all  winter,  and  sometimes  until  spring. 

Rosa  Wichuraiana.  The  Trailing  Rose.  This  valuable  Japanese  variety 
is  a  low,  trailing  species,  the  branches  creeping  close  to  the  earth  and  taking 
root,  so  that  it  makes  a  dense,  close  mass.  The  foliage  is  small  and  of  a  dark 
shining  green.  The  flowers,  l)4  to  2  inches  in  diameter,  are  produced  in 
clusters  at  the  ends  of  the  branches,  and  are  pure  white,  with  bright  yellow 
stamens  ;  when  in  bloom  the  plant  is  literally  covered  with  white.  The  flowers 
are  followed  by  bright  scarlet  seed-pods,  which  are  retained  until  late  in  the 
fall.  As  a  covering  or  ground  plant  it  is  as  valuable  as  the  ivy,  periwinkle  or 
honeysuckle,  and  is  especially  good  for  covering  barren  places  or  rocky  ledges. 
It  can  also  be  trained  to  grow  on  a  trellis.  (See  plate  on  page  122.) 

WICHURAIANA     HYBRIDS 

All  these  Hybrids  retain  the  good  qualities  of  the  parent  plant ;  namely, 
extreme  hardiness,  rapidity  of  growth,  adaptability  to  all  soils  and  exposures,  and 
evergreen  foliage.  In  addition  to  these  good  points  the  flowers  of  the  Hybrids  have 
fragrance,  size  and  color. 

Evergreen  Gem.  Flowers  buff  in  the  bud,  changing  to  creamy  white; 
very  double,  2  to  3  inches  in  diameter ;  foliage  dense,  of  a  rich,  bronzy  green. 

Gardenia.  Buds  bright  yellow;  open  double  flowers  cream  color,  3  to 
3  Yz  inches  in  diameter.  Delightfully  fragrant.  A  free  bloomer. 

Manda's  Triumph.  A  grand,  free -flowering  Rose;  foliage  rich  and  lux- 
uriant. The  flowers — double,  pure  white  and  2  inches  in  diameter — are  well 
formed,  very  fragrant,  and  borne  in  clusters  of  25  to  50  blooms. 

133 


WICHURAIANA    HYBRID    ROSES,    continued 

Pink  Roamer.  This  is  a  hybrid  between  Wichuraiana  and  the  Sweetbriar, 
whose  characteristics  are  shown  in  the  fragrant  single  flowers  of  rich  pink,  with 
almost  white  centers  and  orange-red  stamens.  The  blooms  are  about  2  inches 
in  diameter  and  produced  in  close  heads,  and  the  foliage  is  luxuriant.  (See 
plate  on  page  122.) 

South  Orange  Perfection.  This  variety  grows  closer  to  the  ground  than 
the  others.  The  double  flowers  are  soft  blush-pink  at  the  tips,  changing  to 
white. 

Universal  Favorite.  A  very  vigorous  variety.  The  strong  shoots  are 
densely  covered  with  bright  green  foliage  ;  the  fragrant  double  flowers,  over 
2  inches  in  diameter  and  of  a  soft  rose  color,  are  borne  in  profusion. 

DICKSON'S    WICHURAIANA    HYBRIDS 

Irish  Beauty.  Color  pure  white,  with  distinct  and  prominent  bright 
golden  anthers,  which  contrast  perfectly  with  the  color  of  the  petals  ;  flowers 
very  large,  often  measuring  5  inches  across,  borne  in  clusters  ;  very  free-flow- 
ering and  deliciously  fragrant.  Unquestionably  the  finest  single  Rose  yet 
raised.  A  great  acquisition. 

Irish  Glory.  A  most  striking  flower  of  immense  size,  produced  in  large 
clusters,  the  excessive  venation  rendering  the  color  into  a  lovely  marbled,  sil- 
very pink  on  the  inside  of  the  petals,  making  it  contrast  with  the  golden 
anthers,  a  combination  beyond  description  ;  and,  being  flamed  on  back  of  petals 
with  crimson,  is  a  real  gem  in  every  sense  of  the  word  ;  sweetly  and  strongly 
perfumed,  and  a  splendid  grower. 

Irish  Modesty.  A  very  beautiful  variety;  color  an  exquisitely  delicate 
coral-pink  suffused  from  base  of  petals  with  ecru  ;  its  delicate  straw-colored 
anthers  make  a  charming  tout  ensemble  ;  the  blooms  are  large  and  very  plenti- 
fully produced. 

MEMORANDA 


134 


MEMORANDA 


135 


DURING  the  past  five  years  there  has  been  an  increasing  interest  in  this  class 
of  plants,  and  each  year  helps  to  establish  more  firmly  their  popularity. 
There  is  no  greater  satisfaction  to  one  who  really  loves  his  garden  than  to  watch 
some  last  year's  favorite  come  up  in  its  accustomed  place  when  spring  approaches, 
like  the  wildwood  flowers  that  return  to  us  with  every  season  and  require  no  hand 
to  plant  or  tend  them.  We  offer  in  the  following  list  a  selection  of  the  very  best, 
not  only  for  garden  work  but  suitable  for  planting  along  the  borders  of  woods,  in 
boggy  land,  for  rockery  work,  and  as  a  ground-cover  for  bare  spaces  under  trees 
where  grass  will  not  grow.  This  is  but  a  partial  list  of  our  stock,  and  if  sorts 
are  needed  that  are  not  given  here,  write  us  about  them. 

Descriptions  are  given  as  follows :     First  the  height,  then  the  time  of  bloom- 
ing, next  color  of  the  flower,  followed  by  any  special  remarks. 

ACHILLEA  filipendulina.  Noble  Yarrow.  2  feet;  July;  golden  yellow. 
The  flowers  are  borne  in  flat  corymbs.  Vigorous  and  showy. 

A.  millefolium,  var.  roseum.  Rosy  Milfoil.  18  inches;  all  summer; 
bright  pink  ;  flowers  in  dense  heads  on  good  stems  for  cutting  ;  an  excellent 
border  plant.  Foliage  dark  green  and  finely  cut. 

A.  Ptarmica,  var.  The  Pearl.  2  feet;  all  summer;  pure  white;  flowers 
in  broad  heads  on  strong  stems.  Excellent  for  cutting. 

A.  tomentosum.  Woolly  Yarrow.  12  inches;  June;  bright  yellow; 
flowers  in  flat  heads  ;  foliage  deeply  cut  and  handsome.  Excellent  for  the 
rockery,  or  for  dry,  sunny  slopes. 

ACONITUM  Fischeri.  Monk's  Hood.  3  feet;  September  and  Octo- 
ber ;  pale  blue.  Thrives  in  sunny  or  shady  places. 

A.  Lycoctonum.  Wolf's-bane.  3  feet;  June  to  September;  yellow  or 
creamy  white  ;  flowers  in  branching  spikes,  and  very  showy.  These  are  very 
poisonous  plants,  and  should  be  planted  where  there  is  no  danger  of  children 
eating  any  part  of  them.  Nothing  succeeds  better  under  trees  and  in  shady 
positions. 

ADONIS  vernalis.  Spring  Adonis.  I  foot;  April  and  May;  yellow. 
One  of  the  earliest  spring  flowers,  with  fine,  feathery  foliage.  Thrives  in  sun 
or  partial  shade  ;  excellent  for  rockwork  or  borders. 

ALTHAEA  rosea.  Hollyhock.  Beginning  with  July,  their  large  spikes 
of  beautiful  showy  flowers,  in  all  colors,  and  in  both  single  and  double  forms, 
are  not  surpassed  by  any  other  garden  plant.  They  thrive  best  in  a  well- 
drained  situation,  and  in  rich,  deep  soil. 

NAMED  VARIETIES. — We  offer  a  selection  of  ten  excellent  named  sorts, 
covering  a  full  range  of  color. 

136 


ALYSSUM  saxatile,  var.  compactum.  Golden  Tuft,  i  foot  ;  May 
and  June  ;  bright  yellow.  Flowers  in  flat  heads.  An  excellent  plant  for 
rockery  or  border. 

ANEMONE.  Windflower.  Desirable  fall -flowering  plants,  thriving 
best  in  well-drained,  rich,  sandy  loam,  but  grow  in  any  good  soil. 

A.  Japonica;  syn.,  rubra.  2  to  3  feet;  September  until  frost;  carmine, 
with  yellow  center. 

A.  Japonica,  var.  alba.  2  to  3  feet;  September  until  frost;  white.  (See 
plate  on  page  141.) 

A.  Japonica,  var.  Queen  Charlotte.  2  to  3  feet;  September  until  frost; 
pink.  The  flowers  are  large,  semi-double,  and  of  a  La  France  rose  color. 

A.  Japonica,  var.  Lady  Ardilaun.  2  to  3  feet ;  September  until  frost ; 
pure  white.  A  beautiful  sort,  with  broad  heavy  petals. 

A.  Japonica,  var.  Whirlwind.  2  to  3  feet ;  September  until  frost ;  pure 
white.  This  sort  has  two  or  three  whorls  of  beautiful  white  petals. 

A.  Pennsylvanicum ;  syn.,  Canadensis.  I  to  2  feet;  June  and  July; 
pure  white.  An  excellent  variety  for  sunny  situations  or  shady  borders.  The 
foliage  is  beautiful  dark  green,  and  the  flowers  continue  a  long  time.  Excellent 
as  a  cover-plant  under  trees. 

ANTHEMIS.  Chamomile.  Excellent  garden  plants,  thriving  even  in 
poor  soil,  and  producing  flowers  which  are  very  satisfactory  for  cutting. 

A.  tinctoria.     2  feet;  June  to  September;   golden  yellow. 

A.  tinctoria,  var.  Kelwayi.  2  to  3  feet;  June  to  September;  golden  yel- 
low. This  variety  has  very  finely  cut  foliage. 

ANTHERICUM  Liliago.  St.  Bernard's  Lily.  18  inches  ;  May  and 
June;  pure  white.  The  flowering  spikes  resemble  small  lilies,  and  the  grass- 
like  foliage  is  attractive.  An  excellent  border  plant  and  suitable  for  cutting. 

AQUILEGIA.  Columbine.  Very  hardy  showy  garden  plants,  pre- 
ferring a  light,  moist,  sandy  soil,  but  doing  well  in  any  good  garden  soil. 
They  are  extremely  useful  for  any  part  of  the  garden. 

A.  Canadensis.  Common  Columbine.  I  to  2  feet;  May  to  July;  scar- 
let and  yellow.  One  of  the  most  satisfactory  for  general  planting. 

A.,  var.  chrysantha.  3  feet;  May  to  August;  golden  yellow.  One  of 
the  showiest  and  most  satisfactory.  Fragrant. 

A.  chrysantha,  var.  alba.     3  feet;   May. to  August;   creamy  white. 

A.  cserulea.  Rocky  Mountain  Columbine.  18  inches  ;  May  to  July; 
blue.  An  excellent  showy  species,  requiring  well-drained  situations.  (See 
plate  on  page  144.) 

A.  flabellata.  1^2  feet;  April  to  June;  bright  lilac  or  pale  blue.  An 
excellent  sort. 

A.  flabellata,  var.  nana  alba,  i  foot;  April  to  June;  pure  white.  An 
excellent  variety,  with  good  foliage  and  beautiful  large  flowers. 

137 


AQUILEGIA  flabellata,  var.  Haylodgensis.  3  feet;  May  to  July. 
These  are  hybrids  of  A.  chrysantha,  in  a  variety  of  colors. 

A.  Olympica.  18  inches;  May  to  July;  lilac  or  purple-lilac  and  yellow. 
A  fine  variety,  with  very  large  flowers. 

A.  Skinned.  I  to  2  feet;  July  to  September;  scarlet.  One  of  the  hand- 
somest, but  requires  a  light  soil  and  sunny  position. 

A.  vulgaris,  var.  flore  pleno.  1/4  to  2  feet;  May  to  July;  white  to 
blue.  An  excellent  variety,  with  very  double  flowers,  and  colors  ranging  from 
white  to  blue. 

ARABIS  alpina,  var.  nana  compacta.  Rock  Crest.  4  inches;  April 
and  May;  pure  white.  An  excellent  early-flowering  plant.  Admirable  for 
rockeries.  Forms  a  thick  carpet,  and  the  dense  foliage  is  covered  with  flowers. 

ARENARIA  grandiflora.  Sandwort.  6  inches;  May  and  June;  white. 
Forms  a  dense  carpet  of  foliage  and  is  covered  with  large  flowers.  Grows 
well  on  rocks,  but  prefers  a  sunny  or  partially  sunny  position. 

ARMERIA.  Thrift.  Very  showy  dwarf  plants,  thriving  well  in  any 
soil.  Their  bright  evergreen  foliage  and  low  habit  make  them  very  desirable 
for  borders  and  rockeries. 

A.  maritima.     9  inches;  June  to  September;   purple. 

A.  maritima,  var.  Laucheana.     9  inches;  June  to  September;  bright  rose. 

A.  plantaginea.     18  inches;  June  to  September;  pink. 

ARTEMISIA  Stelleriana.  Old  Woman.  2  feet;  deeply  cut,  silvery 
foliage.  This  plant  is  valued  solely  for  its  ornamental  foliage.  It  makes  an 
excellent  border  plant,  stands  hard  cutting,  and  can  be  cut  quite  low. 

ASCLEPIAS  tuberosa.  Butterfly  Weed.  2  feet;  July  and  August; 
orange.  One  of  the  showiest  hardy  flowers  ;  good  enough  for  any  border. 
Does  well  on  dry  banks. 

ASTER.  Starwort,  or  Michaelmas  Daisy.  No  garden  is  complete  with- 
out some  of  these  excellent  plants.  One  of  their  chief  merits  is  the  lateness 
of  their  blooming.  They  will  be  found  very  desirable  either  for  massing  or  as 
single  specimens. 

A.  alpinus.  9  inches;  June  and  July;  purple.  The  flowers  are  borne 
on  good  stems  and  are  suitable  for  cutting.  An  excellent  plant  for  the  rockery. 

A.  Amellus  elegans.  1^2  feet;  September  and  October;  blue.  One  of 
the  newer  and  better  sorts. 

A.  amethystinus.  3  to  4  feet;  September  and  October;  amethyst -blue. 
Beautiful  flowers  of  a  very  delicate  shade. 

A.  grandiflorus.     2  feet;  October  and  November;  violet -blue. 

A.  grandiflorus,  var.  Lady  Trevelyan.  3  feet;  September  and  October; 
white. 

138 


ASTER  grandiflorus,  var.  Madonna.  4  feet;  September  and  October; 
white.  The  flowers  of  this  sort  are  very  large  and  snow-white. 

A.  Novae-Anglise.  4  feet;  September  and  October;  bluish  purple.  One 
of  the  showiest  and  most  popular.  (See  plate  on  page  142.) 

A.  Novae-Anglise,  var.  rubra.  4  feet;  September  and  October;  bright 
rose.  One  of  the  newer  sorts,  of  a  very  distinct  bright  color. 

A.  pyramidalis  hybrida.  2  feet;  September  and  October;  deep  lavender. 
A  new  sort  of  excellent  habit  and  color  which  promises  to  become  very 
popular. 

A.,  Robert  Parker.  4  feet;  September  and  October;  lavender.  The 
flowers  are  produced  in  large  sprays,  and  it  will  be  found  one  of  the  most 
satisfactory. 

A.  Tataricus.  5  feet;  October  and  November;  purple.  One  of  the 
showiest  and  latest  of  the  class. 

A.,  White  Queen.     4  feet;   September  and  October;  white. 

A.  cordifolius.      2/^     feet;     September    and    October;     pinkish    white. 
Excellent   for   planting   along    the   border   of   woods. 

ASTILBE  (Spirea)  Japonica.  i%  feet;  June;  white.  A  very  useful 
border  plant ;  the  foliage  is  dark  green  and  handsome,  and  the  flower-spikes 
are  very  showy.  This  is  the  sort  so  much  used  for  forcing  at  Easter. 

BAPTISIA  australis.  False  Indigo.  2  feet;  June  and  July;  blue. 
Thrives  well  in  any  garden  soil,  but  prefers  a  sunny  position. 

BELEMCANDA  Chinensis;  syn.,  Pardanthus.  Blackberry  Lily. 
4  feet  ;  June  to  September ;  orange-red.  A  free  grower,  preferring  rich, 
light  soil  and  sunny  position.  The  flowers  are  prettily  marked  with  brown 
spots,  and  are  followed  by  showy  black  seeds. 

BOCCONIA  cordata.  5  feet;  July  and  August ;  white.  Does  best  in  a 
rich  soil,  and  when  well  grown  the  large  terminal  panicles  of  feathery  flowers 
are  very  showy. 

BETONICA.     See  Stachys. 

BOLTONIA  asteroides.  4  feet;  August  and  September;  white.  Aster- 
like  flowers  ;  an  excellent  plant  for  border  work  and  produces  magnificent 
effects  when  planted  in  masses. 

B.  latisquama.     4  feet;  August  and  September;   light  lilac.     Possibly  the 

handsomest  of  this  class,  and  one  of  the  showiest  border  flowers. 

CALIMERI3  incisa.  18  inches;  July  to  September;  light  blue.  An 
excellent  plant  for  border  work. 

CALLIRHOE  involucrata.  8  to  12  inches;  all  summer;  rosy  crimson. 
Of  trailing  habit,  with  handsome  cut  foliagj  and  producing  a  constant  supply 
of  showy  flowers.  Useful  for  rockeries  and  wild  gardens. 

139 


f  V 

Chestnuftfilf,  'Philadelphia 


CAMPANULA.  Bell-flower.  A  class  of  hardy,  vigorous  plants  impor- 
tant for  the  hardy  border,  as  they  bloom  in  summer  at  a  time  when  there  is 
little  else.  Useful  for  cut -flowers. 

C.  Carpatica.  9  inches;  June  to  September;  deep  blue.  An  excellent 
plant  for  edging  borders  or  rockery  work. 

C.  Carpatica,  var.  alba.     9  inches;   June  to  September;   pure  white. 

C.  Carpatica,  var.  turbinata.  6  inches  ;  June  to  September;  purple. 
A  dwarfer  grower  than  C.  Carpatica. 

C.  glomerata,  var.  Dahurica.  Clustered  Bell-flower.  2  feet;  June  to 
September  ;  bluish  purple.  An  erect  grower,  with  showy  heads  of  flowers. 

C.  persicifolia.  Peach-leaved  Bell-flower.  18  inches;  June  and  July; 
blue.  Foliage  deep  green  ;  flowers  in  tall  spikes. 

C.  persicifolia,  var.  alba.  18  inches;  June  and  July;  white.  Very  showy 
flowers.  One  of  the  best  for  cutting. 

C.  persicifolia,  var.  alba  plena.  18  inches;  June  and  July;  white.  Very 
showy,  double  flowers. 

C.  pyramidalis.  The  Chimney  Bell-flower.  2  feet;  August  and  Septem- 
ber; blue.  The  showiest  of  this  class.  Foliage  broad  and  handsome,  the 
flowers  in  tall  branched  spikes. 

C.  Trachelium  flore  pleno  ;  syn.,  urticifolia.  3  feet;  July  and  August; 
deep  purple. 

CENTAUREA.  Excellent  border  plants,  thriving  in  ordinary  garden  soil. 
C.  montana.  Mountain  Bluet.  18  inches;  June  and  July;  dark  purple. 
C.  montana,  var.  Lady  Hastings.  18  inches;  June  and  July;  lilac -rose. 

CERASTIUM  tomentosum.  6  inches;  June  and  July;  white.  Foliage 
bright  silvery  green.  An  excellent  plant  for  the  rockery,  as  it  is  of  low  creep- 
ing habit  and  makes  a  good  covering.  It  also  thrives  in  dry  sunny  places. 

CERATOSTIGMA  plumbaginoides ;  syn.,  Plumbago  Larpentae. 
Leadwort.  6  inches  ;  September  and  October  ;  deep  blue.  One  of  the  best 
dwarf  plants  for  edging  borders  or  for  the  rockery.  Excellent  foliage. 
When  covered  with  its  deep  blue  flowers  the  effect  is  rich  and  showy. 

CHELONE.  Turtle  Head.  Valuable  late-flowered  plants,  doing  best  in 
partly  shaded  places,  and  being  most  at  home  in  swampy  grounds.  When 
planted  in  the  ordinary  border  they  should  be  mulched. 

C.  Lyoni.     2  feet;   August  and  September;   rose -purple. 

C.  obliqua,  var.  alba.     2  feet;   August  and  September;   white. 

CHRYSANTHEMUM  maximum,  var.  Triumph.  Moonpenny  Daisy. 
2  feet ;  July  to  October  ;  white.  The  flowers  are  very  large,  3  to  4  inches  in 
diameter,  and  pure  white  with  a  golden  center.  They  last  well  when  cut. 

C.  uliginosum.  2/£  feet;  September;  white.  A  very  showy  plant,  excel- 
lent for  cut-flowers. 

140 


No.  i,  Aquilegia  cserulea. 

See  page  137- 


No.  2,  Aster  Novae-  Angliae. 

See  Pa2e   H9- 


No.  3,  Dicentra  spectabilis. 

See  page  I4S' 


POMPON,  OR  HARDY  CHRYSANTHEMUMS 

September  to  November 

To  the  iris  of  spring  and  the  peony  and  phlox  of  summer  must  be  added  the 
queen  of  fall  flowers — the  Chrysanthemum.  For  garden  work  the  hardy  pompon- 
and  anemone-flowered  varieties  are  the  most  desirable,  as  they  are  extremely  hardy, 
requiring  but  a  light  covering  of  manure  to  protect  them  through  our  hardest  win- 
ters. When  once  planted  they  care  for  themselves  and  repay  us  with  a  profusion 
of  bloom,  of  many  forms  and  colors,  during  the  fall  months.  The  following  list 
has  been  selected  and  retained  from  our  collection  of  over  one  hundred  varieties. 
We  are  constantly  adding  the  best  new  sorts,  and  the  plants  offered  are  young  and 
vigorous;  sure  to  give  every  satisfaction.  (See  plate  on  page  151.) 


Aurora  Boreale.  Bronze  and  orange. 

Blanche  Colombe.  Pale  yellow; 
very  dwarf. 

Bob.     Pink. 
Caraction.     Deep  rose. 
Dupont  de  Leuve.     Orange. 

Eugenie   Lanjaulet.       Orange  - 

yellow. 

Fiberta.  Canary -yellow;  good  habit. 
Flora.     Golden  yellow ;   dwarf. 

Fremy.  Light  brick  red,  shaded 
yellow. 

Golden  Mile.  Marthe.  Fine  bright 
golden  yellow,  a  shade  lighter  than 
Westlake. 

Golden  St.  Thias.  Golden  yellow. 
Grace  Darling.  Lilac,  blush  center. 
Harry  Hicks.  Soft  pink;  good  habit. 
Julia  Lagravere.  Dark  bronze. 
Kyrle  Bellew.  Crimson  and  yellow. 
La  Parance.  Soft  pink;  fimbriated. 
La  Purete.  White. 

Lune  Fleurie.     Orange -yellow;    a 

small  variety. 


Maid  of  Kent.     White. 
Miss  Wheeler.     Carmine. 
Perle.     Rose -lilac,  pale  rose  disc. 

Prince  of  Wales.     White;   excel- 
lent form. 

Prince  Victor.     Dark  maroon. 
Regulus.     Cinnamon. 
Rose  d' Amour.     Rose. 

Rosinante.        Blush    rose  ;     dwarf 
grower. 

Soeur  Melanie.     Pure  white. 

St.    Grout's.       Light    pink;     small 
flowers  ;  very  free-blooming. 

St.  Illoria.     Silvery  pink. 

Strathmeath.     A  distinct  shade  of 
rose-pink. 

William  Sabey.    Canary -yellow;  a 
fine  reflexed  variety. 

William  Westlake.     Rich    golden 
yellow,  suffused  with  a  reddish  tint. 

Loudoun.     An   old-fashioned   pur- 
plish red  ;  of  good  size. 

Mrs.  Acker.     Purple  in  bud;  opens 
delicate  lilac. 


CIMICIFUGA.  Snakeroot.  Strong-growing  plants  for  the  back  row  of 
borders,  and  useful  for  planting  along  the  margins  of  woods,  thriving  in  either 
half-shady  or  open  places. 

C.  Dahurica.     3  feet;   September  and  October;   white.     Flowers  borne  in 

large  showy  spikes. 

C.  racemosa.  4  feet;  July  and  August;  white.  The  strongest  grower, 
and  very  showy,  especially  in  a  woody  border. 

CINERARIA.     See  Artemisia. 


143 


CLEMATIS.  Beautiful  border  plants,  delighting  in  a  rich  soil  and  repay- 
ing any  special  care  that  may  be  given  them. 

C.  crispa.  Leather  Flower.  3  to  4  feet;  June  to  September;  deep  laven- 
der. Fragrant. 

C.  Davidiana.     3  feet;   August  and  September;   bright  blue.     Fragrant. 
C.  recta.     2  to  3  feet;   June  to  August;   white.     Fragrant. 

CONOCLINIUM.  Mist  Flower.  Excellent  little  border  plants,  of  special 
value  for  their  late  bloom. 

C.  ccelestinum.     18  inches;   September  and  October;   deep  blue. 

CONVALLARIA.  Lily -of  -  the -valley.  A  well-known  and  popular 
plant,  thriving  in  shady  places. 

C.  majalis.     6  inches;   May  and  June;   pure  white.     Very  fragrant. 

COREOPSIS.  Tickseed.  Plants  thriving  in  any  soil  or  situation.  For 
cutting  it  is  not  surpassed  by  any  perennial,  and  it  blooms  constantly  through- 
out the  entire  summer. 

C.  lanceolata.     2  feet;  June  to  October;   golden  yellow. 

CORONILLA  varia.  The  Crown  Vetch.  I  to  2  feet;  June  to  Octo- 
ber ;  bright  pink.  A  good  trailing  plant  for  covering  rough  banks. 

CUNILA  Mariana.  Maryland  Dittany.  I  foot  ;  September  ;  lilac. 
Flowers  are  borne  in  great  profusion. 

DELPHINIUM.  Larkspur.  Free- flowering  border  plants,  producing 
showy  spikes  of  flowers  from  June  until  frost,  though  care  should  be  taken  to 
cut  out  the  spikes  as  soon  as  they  have  flowered,  and  not  allow  them  to  seed. 
They  do  well  in  any  ordinary  garden  soil,  but  thrive  best  when  the  soil  is  rich. 

D.  Chinensis.     i%  feet;    July  to  September;  shades  from  white  to  blue. 

D.  Chinensis,  var.  grandiflora  nana  compacta.  I  foot;  July  to  Septem- 
ber. One  of  the  newer  plants,  and  a  novelty  of  merit  that  will  give  every 
satisfaction. 

D.  elatum.  Bee  Larkspur.  4  feet;  June  to  August;  blue,  with  dark 
violet  petals. 

D.  formosum.  4  feet;  June  to  September;  deep  blue.  Flowers  in  long, 
showy  spikes. 

DIANTHUS.  Sweet  William.  These  are  possibly  the  best  known  of  all 
hardy  plants.  We  remember  them  in  connection  with  the  hollyhock  and  other 
plants  of  the  old-time  garden,  and  there  are  few  flowers  among  the  newer  sorts 
that  give  more  satisfaction  either  when  planted  in  masses  in  the  border,  or 
when  cut. 

D.  barbatus.     1 8  inches;   May  to  July;   all  colors. 

D.  barbatus,  var.  atrococcineus.  18  inches;  May  to  July;  bright  crimson. 
144 


DIANTHUS  barbatus,  var.  Dunnetti.  18  inches;  May  to  July;  dark 
crimson. 

D.  barbatus,  var.  nanus  compactus.  I  foot;  May  to  July;  pure  white. 
An  excellent  novelty,  and  one  that  will  be  in  great  demand  when  it  becomes 
better  known. 

D.  barbatus,  var.  nigricans.  1 8  inches;  May  to  July;  deep  velvety  red  ; 
the  darkest  of  all  varieties. 

DIANTHUS  plumarius.  Hardy  Pinks.  These  are  extremely  useful 
plants,  not  only  for  the  border,  but  for  the  rockery  as  well,  and  are  useful  for 
cutting  purposes.  We  give  a  few  named  sorts  that  will  be  found  satisfactory 
growers  and  good  bloomers. 

Comet.     Rosy  crimson. 

Delicata.     Rose,  petals  fringed. 

Helka.     White. 

Laura  Wilmer.     White,  with  purplish  maroon  center. 

Mrs.  Sinkins.     White. 

Sparkler.     Deep  pink. 

Her  Majesty.     Pure  white;   flowers  very  large. 

DICENTRA  eximia.  i  foot  ;  June  to  August  ;  light  pink.  Desirable 
for  its  handsome  foliage,  as  well  as  its  showy  flowers.  Excellent  for  rockwork. 

D.  spectabilis.  Bleeding  Heart.  i%  feet;  May  and  June;  light  pink. 
A  plant  of  excellent  foliage,  with  long  racemes  of  showy  flowers.  An  old 
garden  favorite.  (See  plate  on  page  144.) 

DICTAMNUS.  Gas  Plant.  A  very  handsome  and  lasting  species,  form- 
ing strong  upright  clumps,  producing  tall  flower-stems,  surmounted  by  showy 
flowers  with  a  peculiar  odor.  These  give  off  a  pungent  gas,  which  on  hot, 
sultry  evenings  will  ignite  with  a  flash  when  lighted  with  a  match. 

D.  fraxinella.     3  feet;  June;  purple. 

D.  fraxinella,  var.  alba.     2  feet;   May  and  June;  white. 

DIGITALIS.  Foxglove.  Another  old-fashioned  favorite,  without  which 
no  collection  is  complete.  For  best  effects  these  should  be  planted  in  masses, 
and  as  they  thrive  in  any  common  garden  soil  and  are  not  particular  as  to  loca- 
tion, they  should  be  widely  planted. 

D.  ambigua;  syn.,  grandiflora.  3  feet;  July  and  August;  pale  yellow. 
The  flowers  are  delicately  veined  with  brown. 

D.  lanata.  2  to  3  feet;  June  and  July;  grayish  yellow  flowers,  marked 
with  brownish  spots.  This  variety  produces  tremendous  spikes  2  to  3  feet  in 
length,  upon  which  the  flowers  are  very  closely  set.  It  is  a  compact  grower 
and  very  showy. 

D.  lutea.  2  to  3  feet;  June  and  July;  yellow.  Flowers  of  a  beautiful 
shade,  and  although  small  are  borne  in  good  spikes  that  are  quite  showy. 

145 


i-n  TTTI  cf 

^ _       ^^  ^    ^  , w     /KJJL/lJ 

'ChestnitTifill, "Philadelphia        ^ 


DIGITALIS  purpurea.  Common  Foxglove.  4  to  5  feet  ;  June  and 
July  ;  white  to  purple.  This  variety  is  not  grown  in  separate  colors,  and  the 
seed  generally  produces  flowers  which  range  in  color  from  white,  creamy  white, 
rose  and  pink  to  purplish  red. 

DORONICUM  plantagineum,  var.  excelsum.  2  feet  ;  early  April  to 
June  ;  rich  yellow.  The  showiest  of  the  early  spring  flowers,  and  a  plant  of 
so  much  value  that  no  collection  can  afford  to  be  without  it.  The  blooms  are 
very  large,  and  are  excellent  for  cutting. 

ECHINACEA  purpurea.  Purple  Cone -flower.  3  feet  ;  July  to  Sep- 
tember; rosy  purple.  An  excellent  plant  in  ordinary  garden  soil. 

EPIMEDIUM.  Barrenwort.  These  thrive  best  in  partial  shade,  being 
particularly  well  suited  for  borders  and  rockeries.  They  are  not  particular  as 
to  soil. 

E.  lilacea.     12  inches;   May  and  June;   lilac. 

E.  macranthum,  var.  niveum.     12  inches;   May  and  June;   pure  white. 

E.  pinnatum,  var.  sulphureum.     12  inches;   May  and  June;   pale  yellow. 

ERIGERON  speciosus.  i>2  to  2  feet;  June  to  August;  violet -blue. 
A  border  plant  thriving  in  common  soil,  and  valuable  for  cutting  purposes. 

ERYNGIUM  amethystinum.  Sea  Holly.  2  feet;  July  to  September; 
amethyst-blue.  An  excellent  showy  plant  with  thistle-like  foliage.  They  are 
excellent  for  borders. 

EUPATORIUM  ageratoides.  White  Snakeroot.  3  feet  ;  September 
and  October;  white.  The  dainty  flowers,  in  dense  terminal  heads,  are  excel- 
lent for  cutting. 

E.  purpureum.    7  feet;  August  and  September;   rosy  purple.    An  extremely 

rank-growing  perennial,  excellent  for  low  ground  and  effective  in  shrubbery 
borders. 

EUPHORBIA  corollata.  Spurge,  i^feet;  July  to  September;  white. 
A  plant  of  easy  culture  in  ordinary  garden  soil,  excellent  for  cutting  purposes, 
and  for  dry  spots  on  banks  or  in  the  rockery. 

FUNKIA.  Day  Lily.  These  excellent  plants  should  be  more  largely  used, 
as  their  broad  foliage  and  dense  growth  makes  them  effective  for  massing,  and 
when  in  flower  the  tall  spikes  are  extremely  showy.  They  are  admirable  plants 
for  moist  soils,  and  may  be  used  with  good  effect  in  shrubbery  borders. 

F.  lancifolia,  var.  variegata.     i  foot;   July  and  August;   pale  lilac.     The 

foliage  is  margined  with  creamy  white  and  yellow. 

F.  ovata.  i /^  to  2  feet;  July  and  August ;  deep  blue.  This  is  possibly 
the  best  known  variety. 

F.  subcordata.  i  ^  to  2  feet  ;  July  and  August  ;  white.  An  extremely- 
showy  sort,  with  large  beautiful  flowers,  which  show  to  good  advantage  above 
the  deep  green,  dense  foliage. 

F.  subcordata,  var.  grandiflora.     2  feet;   September;   white.     Fragrant. 
146 


GAILLARDIA.  Blanket  Flower.  Among  the  showiest  and  most  desir- 
able of  all  hardy  perennials,  and  of  easy  growth  in  any  good  soil.  They  com- 
mence to  bloom  in  June  and  flower  continuously  until  frost ;  the  flowers  are 
often  more  than  3  inches  in  diameter  and  borne  on  long  stems  admirably  suit- 
able for  cutting  purposes.  The  markings  of  the  individual  flowers  differ 
widely,  being  in  all  shades  of  deep  orange-yellow  marked  with  a  well-defined 
broad  band  of  deepest  maroon,  and  with  a  dark  maroon  center. 

G.  aristata;  syn.,  grandiflora.  1^2  feet;  June  to  November;  yellow  and 
maroon. 

G.  aristata,  var.  compacta.  9  inches  ;  June  to  October  ;  yellow  and 
maroon.  A  novelty  of  great  merit  for  its  compact  growth  and  erect  flower-stems. 

GERANIUM  sanguineum.  Cranesbill.  i^  feet;  June  to  September; 
blood-red.  One  of  the  handsomest  of  its  class  ;  with  beautiful  cut  foliage,  com- 
pact habit,  and  producing  flowers  constantly  throughout  the  summer.  Excel- 
lent for  rockery. 

GENTIANA  Andrews!!.  Closed  Gentian.  18  inches;  August  to  Sep- 
tember ;  deep  blue. 

GEUM  coccineum.     i%  feet;  June  and  July;   scarlet. 
G.  montanum.     i}4  feet;  June  and  July;  yellow. 

GOODYERA  pubescens.  Rattlesnake  Plantain.  I  foot  ;  August  and 
September  ;  white.  An  odd,  attractive  plant,  with  deep  green  leaves  veined 
with  white  ;  flower  in  a  dense  spike. 

GYPSOPHILA  paniculata.  Baby's  Breath.  2  to  3  feet  ;  July  and 
August ;  white.  An  excellent  sort  for  cutting.  The  minute  flowers  are  borne 
in  large,  open  panicles. 

HELENIUM  autumnale,  var.  pumilum.  i%  feet;  July  to  October; 
yellow.  An  excellent  sort  for  cutting  purposes,  and  a  persistent  bloomer. 

H.  autumnale,  var.  superbum.  4  feet;  July  to  October;  yellow.  A 
vigorous,  large-flowered  variety. 

H.  grandicephalum,  var.  striatum.  3  feet;  August  to  October;  orange, 
striped  with  crimson.  An  erect  vigorous  grower,  with  flowers  in  large,  branch- 
ing heads. 

HELIANTHUS.  Perennial  Sunflowers.  These  well-known  garden 
favorites  thrive  in  any  soil  and  are  invaluable  for  cutting  purposes.  When 
planted  in  masses  they  give  bold  effects  and  are  one  of  the  most  useful  hardy 
plants  for  the  shrubbery  border. 

H.  doronicoides.     4  feet;  July  and  August;  yellow. 

H.  giganteus.     6  to  10  feet;  August  to  October;   pale  yellow. 

H.  Maximiliana.  6  to  8  feet  ;  September  ;  deep  yellow.  An  excellent 
variety  for  dry  places. 

H.  mollis.     4  feet;    September  and  October;   golden  yellow. 

147 


HELIANTHUS  multiflorus,  var.  flore  pleno.  4  feet ;  July  and  August ; 
golden  yellow.  A  double  variety,  producing  large  flowers  in  great  profusion. 

H.  multiflorus,  var.  maximus.  5  to  6  feet;  July  to  September;  golden 
yellow.  This  variety  bears  enormous  flowers  6  inches  and  over  in  diameter, 
and  is  one  of  the  showiest. 

H.  orgyalis.  6  feet;  September  and  October;  golden  yellow.  The  single 
flowers  are  of  medium  size.  This  is  one  of  the  best  varieties. 

H.  rigidus.  3  feet;  July  to  October;  golden  yellow.  The  flowers  have 
dark  centers,  and  it  is  one  of  the  best  varieties. 

HELIOPSIS.  A  useful  plant  for  places  where  the  helianthus  grows  too 
large.  They  bloom  all  summer,  and  are  excellent  for  cutting  purposes. 

H.  Isevis,  var.  Pitcheriana.     3  feet;  June  to  October;   orange-yellow. 

HELLEBORUS.  Christmas  Rose.  These  are  the  earliest  plants  to 
bloom,  frequently  coming  into  flower  in  the  open  ground  in  early  March,  and 
if  covered  with  a  frame  will  bloom  by  Christmas. 

H.  niger.  6  inches;  March;  white.  Excellent  for  rockeries  and  shady 
places. 

H.  niger,  var.  atrorubens.     6  inches;   March;   deep  purple. 

HEMEROCALLIS.  Yellow  Day  Lily.  Excellent  plants  with  grass-like 
foliage  and  dark  orange-colored  flowers,  borne  in  panicles  on  long  stems.  They 
are  exceptionally  hardy,  thrive  in  any  good  soil,  and  are  especially  fine  when 
planted  in  moist  or  shady  places.  (See  plate  on  page  152.) 

H.  aurantiaca,  var.  major.  i%  feet;  July;  orange.  The  flowers  of  this 
variety  are  much  larger  than  the  others  given  in  this  class. 

H.  Dumortierii.     i)4  to  2  feet;  June  and  July;  orange -yellow. 
H.  fulva.     2/^2  to  3  feet;  July  and  August;   deep  tawny  yellow. 

H.  fulva,  var.  Kwanso.  Double  Orange  Lily.  2/4  to  3  feet;  July  and 
August ;  orange-yellow,  shaded  copper. 

H.  fulva,  var.  Kwanso  variegata.  2/4  to  3  feet;  July;  orange-yellow. 
Specially  attractive  for  its  beautiful  foliage,  which  is  marked  with  a  stripe  of 
white  down  the  middle  of  each  leaf.  This  is  one  of  the  best  variegated  foliage 
plants,  and  holds  its  color  well  throughout  the  season. 

HEPATICA.  Liver  Leaf.  A  handsome  little  plant  with  bronzy  evergreen 
foliage  and  pretty  flowers.  Excellent  for  shady  places  and  rockeries. 

H.  triloba.     6  inches;   April;  white  and  blue. 

HEUCHERA.  Alum  Root.  These  are  very  neat-growing  showy  plants, 
with  excellent  foliage,  forming  compact  clumps,  and  the  flowers  on  long  stems 
are  borne  well  above  the  foliage.  Very  desirable  plants  for  the  rockery  or 
border,  and,  although  preferring  sunny  situations,  will  thrive  in  the  shade. 

H.  sanguinea.     18  inches;   June  to  September;   coral -red. 
H.  sanguinea,  var.  alba.     18  inches;   June  to  September;  pure  white. 
148 


HIBISCUS.  One  of  the  showiest  of  herbaceous  plants  and  an  excellent 
variety  for  planting  in  damp  or  marshy  ground ;  but  it  does  not  need  these 
conditions  in  order  to  insure  satisfaction,  as  we  grow  it  to  perfection  at  Andorra 
on  very  high,  hilly  ground.  One  of  the  finest  plants  for  massing. 

H.  Moscheutos,  var.  Crimson  Eye.  5  feet;  July  to  September;  white, 
with  crimson  center.  Single  flowers,  often  5  inches  in  diameter. 

HOLLYHOCKS.     See  Altbaa  rosea. 

IBERIS.  Candytuft.  Beautiful  dwarf  plants  with  rich  evergreen  foliage, 
which  is  literally  covered  with  flowers  in  the  early  spring.  For  the  front  of 
borders  or  for  rockeries  it  is  exceptionally  good. 

I.  sempervirens.     6  inches;  April  and  May;   pure  white. 
I.  Tenoreana.     6  inches;   May;   purplish  or  whitish. 

IRIS.  The  Fleur-de-lis  of  the  French,  the  Iris  of  our  gardens,  are  ad- 
mirable hardy  border  plants.  There  are  varieties  and  colors  innumerable,  in 
flowers  large  and  handsome,  exhibiting  beautiful  shades  and  variegations.  The 
great  Japan  group  (/.  lavigata)  is  especially  rich  and  distinct,  having  been 
improved  and  hybridized  in  Japan  and  other  countries  until  its  flowers  now 
glitter  in  many  strange,  rich  colors,  and  are  of  enormous  size.  All  Irises  are 
benefited  by  moist  situations  and  abundance  of  water  when  in  flower,  but 
they  will  all  grow  well  in  ordinary  garden  soil.  The  collection  of  Iris  at 
Andorra  is  exceptionally  large' and  fine,  and  well  worth  a  visit  in  blooming  time. 

I.  atroviolacea.    A  tall  grower,  producing  delicate  violet  blooms  in  late  May. 

I.  cristata.  6  inches;  April  and  May;  light  blue,  spotted  with  yellow. 
An  excellent  sort  for  massing  in  damp  and  shady  places. 

I.  Florentina.  A  dwarf  grower,  valuable  for  border  work,  generally  known 
as  White  Iris,  though  the  outer  segments  are  tinted  with  lavender. 


IRIS    GERMANICA.      German    Iris 

For  the  wild  garden,  shrubbery  border  and  margins  of  water,  there  is  no  better 
nor  more  beautiful  plant  than  the  German  Iris.  Like  all  others  of  their  family,  the 
varieties  thrive  best  in  low  situations,  and  can  be  planted  even  in  marshy  ground. 
They  bloom  early,  and  in  their  coloring  the  variety  is  endless,  comprising  every 
shade  of  purple,  bronze,  gold,  blue,  white,  etc.  The  following  list  was  selected 
from  over  one  hundred  varieties  : 


Cengalti.  Standard  petals  light  blue, 
veined  with  dark  blue ;  fall  petals 
veined  and  purple  tinted. 

Cordelia.  Standard  petals  pale  blue  ; 
fall  petals  rosy  pink. 

Edina.  Clear  satin  blue,  marked 
with  dark  blue. 

Eytheria.  Tall;  a  very  light  pur- 
ple-tinted variety,  veined  with  purple  ; 
very  delicate. 


Gazelle.  Standard  petals  white, 
heavily  frilled  with  clear  blue ;  fall 
petals  white,  edged  blue. 

Hortense.  Tall;  light  yellow,  tinted 
with  brown  veins.  One  of  the  lightest 
varieties. 

Jordeans.     A  delicate  red -lilac. 

Penelope.  Light  bluish  white, 
veined  with  violet ;  a  striking  and  dis- 
tinct variety. 

149 


ANDORRA  TV 


I  Chestnut  Hill  <PhiL 


'adelphia         |. 

1 . 9t 


IRIS    GERMANICA.    continued 


Queen  of  May.  Tall  ;  rosy  lilac, 
veined  with  yellow  ;  distinct. 

Sappho.     Tall;   azure -blue. 

Thorbecke.  A  very  delicate  sulphur  - 
yellow. 

Hericart  de  Thury.  Standard  petals 
light  blue  ;  fall  petals  deep  rich  blue. 
A  very  striking  variety. 

La  Tristesse.  Standard  petals  dull 
yellow-bronze  ;  fall  petals  veined  with 
maroon,  dashed  with  purple. 

Lacruce.  Standard  petals  tinted 
yellow  and  blue ;  fall  petals  lightly 
veined  with  blue. 

Mexicana.  Dwarf.  Standard  petals 
yellow  ;  fall  petals  veined  with  purple. 
Very  distinct. 

No.  278.  Very  early;  a  most  de- 
dided  deep  rich  dark  blue. 


Rolandiana.  Standard  petals  blue ; 
fall  petals  reddish  purple. 

Thovista.  Standard  petals  light 
blue  ;  fall  petals  dark  blue. 

Walneriana.  Very  early  ;  a  most 
decided  deep  dark  blue. 

No.  280.  Standard  petals  blue ;  fall 
petals  purple,  marked  very  distinctly 
near  base  of  petals  with  white.  A 
very  clear  blue. 

No.  281.  Dwarf  ;  standard  petals 
deep  rich  yellow  ;  fall  petals  deep 
maroon,  veined  with  yellow.  A  good 
bloom. 

No.  282.  Standard  petals  light  blue  ; 
fall  petals  deep  rich  blue.  A  fine 
variety. 

Calypso.  Milk-white,  dashed  with 
violet-blue. 


IRIS    L^EVIGATA;    syn.,    K^MPFERI.     Japanese    Iris 

These  are  fine  border  plants  flowering  in  June.  In  congenial  situations  they 
grow  3  to  3/^  feet  and  on  stems  3  to  4  feet  long,  producing  flowers  from  10  to  12 
inches  in  diameter,  and  delicate  as  orchids.  Colors  are  brilliant  and  striking,  in 
shades  of  blue,  purple  and  red  ;  white  marked  with  shades  of  these  colors  and  yel- 
low, and  pure  white.  We  can  select  varieties  to  cover  the  full  blooming  period. 
(See  plate  on  page  162.)  The  following  list  is  the  choice  of  a  large  collection : 

ABBREVIATIONS 


Index  letters  signify:     D,  double; 

Antelope.  (D)  White  ground, 
marbled  with  red  and  purple  ;  yellow 
center. 

Anna  Boylen.  (D)  Deep  purplish 
blue,  tinted  with  crimson-purple  and 
flaked  with  white. 

Apollo.  (5)  Pure  white;  distinct 
pink  center. 

Apple  Blossom.  (5)  White,  spot- 
ted with  pink. 

B.  Hallock.  (D)  Delicate  laven- 
der, lightly  veined  with  white;  crimped 
petals. 

Blue  Bird.  (5)  Dwarf ;  deep  velvet 
blue. 

Blue  Jay.  (D,  T)  Sky-blue,  with 
distinct  white  lines. 


single;   T,  tall  grower. 

Diana.    (D,T)    White,  veined  with 
violet-purple. 

Dinah.      (D)     Reddish  pink,  flaked 
with  white. 

Eclaire.     (D,    T)     White,    lightly 
veined  with  blue  ;  throat  amber. 

Eclipse.     (D)     Reddish  purple. 

Eugene.    (S,  T)   White,  light  pink, 
blush  center. 

Exquisite.     (S)     Purplish  blue. 

Gold  Bound.    (D,  T)    Purewhite; 
base  of  petals  golden  yellow. 

Granite.     (S,    T)     Purple,   spotted 
and  flaked  with  white. 

Gypsie.    (D)    Lavender  and  white; 
rich  color. 


150 


No.  i,  Hardy  Chrysanthemums.  •  See  page  143.     No.  2,  Rock  Garden. 


Hemerocallis  (Yellow  Day  Lily).     See  page  148. 


A  Border  Planting  at  Andorra 


IRIS    L^VIGATA    (JAPAN    IRIS),    continued 


Hannibal.  (D)  White,  veined  with 
purple. 

Hyde  Park.  (D,  T)  Reddish  pur- 
ple, blotched  with  white. 

Isabella.  (D,T)  Pale  blue,  chang- 
ing to  ashy  gray. 

J.  C.  Vaughan.  (D)  Dwarf;  pure 
white. 

Tahoe.  (D)  Blue,  shaded  with 
purple  and  veined  with  white. 

Mahogany.  (D,  T)  Dark  red, 
shaded  maroon. 

Mrs.  C.  T.  Saxton.  (D)  Extra 
double;  pure  white;  enormous  flowers. 
An  exceptionally  good  bloom. 

Mt.  Hood.  (A  T)  Deep  blue; 
good  form. 

Navaho.  (S)  Pink  ground,  veined 
with  lavender. 

Norma.  (/))  Deep  lavender,  cen- 
ter deep  lilac  and  yellow. 

Oriole.      (D)     Crimson. 

Orion.  (D)  Reddish  pink,  white 
center  and  veined  with  white. 

Oscar.  (5,  T)  Rosy  white,  veined 
with  lavender. 

Paragon.    (D)    Rich  velvety  purple. 

Princess  Clothilda.  (D)  Ash  gray, 
blushed  with  purple. 


Prince  C.  de  Rohan.     (D)    Deep, 

rich,  shining  dark  blue. 

Pyramid.  (D,  T)  Lilac  -  blue, 
veined,  white  center. 

Quakeress.  (S)  Pink,  veined  with 
blue,  blue  blotch  at  yellow  center. 

Red  Ridinghopd.  Fine  amaranth, 
veined  with  white. 

Robt.  Craig.  (D,  T)  French  gray - 
white,  tinted  with  purple  on  center 
petals. 

Senator  Lexow.  (S)  Indigo -blue; 
great  wavy  petals  a  foot  across. 

Shadow.     (S)     Deep  purple. 

Souvenir.  (S)  Rosy  pink,  distinct 
blue  veins,  pink  center. 

Templeton.  (D)  Light  violet, 
shaded  with  reddish  pink  and  flaked 
with  white. 

Vesta.  (5,  T)  Rosy  pink,  finely 
veined  with  white,  center  petals 
purple. 

Victor.  (D)  White,  veined  with 
violet  and  porcelain-blue. 

Violet  Cap.    (S)    Purple  and  white. 

Wm.  Fell.  (D)  White,  veined 
with  indigo. 

Zenobia.  (D)  Deep  purplish  pink, 
shaded  and  veined  with  white,  light 
margin  to  edge  of  petals. 

Strong  grower,  producing  large 


IRIS  pallida  dalmatica.     A  rare  sort, 
light  blue  flowers  in  early  June. 

I.  pallida  speciosa.  A  very  desirable  sort,  producing  bright  indigo -blue 
flowers  on  long  stems  ;  early  June  ;  fragrant. 

I.  Pseudacorus.  Very  robust  variety;  the  broad,  dark  green  foliage  gives 
a  splendid  setting  to  the  numerous  bright  deep  yellow  flowers  of  late  May  and 
early  June. 

I.  pumila  alba.  Of  extremely  dwarf  habit,  it  is  highly  valuable  for  border 
work.  Flowers  of  pure  white,  produced  on  very  short,  stocky  stems.  Flowers 
early. 

I.  Sibirica.  This  variety  forms  sturdy  clumps  and  flowers  profusely  on 
long  stems;  flowers  of  bright  lilac-blue.  May  and  June.  (Later  than  var. 
orientalis.) 

I.  Sibirica,  var.  alba.  An  extremely  dainty  variety,  with  very  narrow 
foliage  and  delicate  white  flowers. 

153 


L^5vz>o 

\ Chestn\ 


Chestnut  Hill,  'Philadelphia 


IRIS  Sibirica,  var.  orientalis.  Much  darker  blue  than  Sibirica;  grows 
about  the  same  height  and  blooms  earlier. 

I.  tectorum.  A  dwarf  sort  from  Japan.  Foliage  is  good  and  the  bright 
lilac  flowers,  delicately  streaked  with  violet,  make  it  very  desirable. 

KNIPHOFIA.  Flame  Flower.  Very  showy  plants,  with  good  green 
grass-like  foliage  and  tall,  showy  spikes  of  brilliant  flowers.  They  are  strong 
growers,  suitable  for  the  herbaceous  border  or  for  shrubberies,  and  prefer  a 
rich,  well-drained  soil.  Should  be  mulched  for  winter  protection. 

K.  aloides  ;  syn.,  Tritoma  Uvaria.  3  feet;  August  and  September;  crim- 
son, shaded  to  yellow. 

K.  Pfitzerii.  3  to  4  feet;  July  to  October;  orange -scarlet  to  salmon. 
An  extremely  prolific  bloomer,  with  flower-spikes  3  to  4.  feet  in  height,  and 
heads  of  bloom  a  foot  long.  An  excellent  bedder. 

LAVANDULA.  Lavender.  The  common  Lavender,  which  is  well 
known  for  its  aromatic  foliage  and  fragrant  flowers.  It  is  a  good  border  plant 
and  thrives  in  ordinary  soil ;  also  valuable  for  dry  and  waste  places. 

L.  vera.     18  inches;  June  to  October;   deep  lavender- blue. 

LIATRIS.  Blazing  Star.  Late  summer-  and  autumn -flowering  plants, 
thriving  in  ordinary  garden  soil,  and  giving  excellent  results  even  in  poor  thin 
soil.  They  require  little  care. 

L.  graminifolia.     2  feet;   August  to  September;   rosy  purple. 
L.  spicata.     3  to  4  feet;   September;   deep  purple. 

LILIUM  tigrinum.  Tiger  Lily.  3  to  4  feet;  July  and  August ;  bright 
red,  marked  with  large  purplish  spots.  One  of  the  older  garden  plants,  which 
will  give  satisfaction  in  any  soil  and  produce  superb  effects  when  planted  in 
masses. 

LOBELIA.  Cardinal  Flower.  Excellent  border  plants,  which  prefer  a 
deep,  moist  loam.  In  very  dry  weather  a  heavy  mulching  and  frequent  water- 
ing will  be  of  value.  They  are  excellent  both  for  foliage  and  flower. 

L.  cardinalis.  2  feet;  September;  scarlet.  The  flowers  of  this  variety 
are  of  an  intense  bright  color,  and  it  is  one  of  the  most  showy  of  all  our  native 
flowers. 

L.  fulgens,  var.  Queen  Victoria.  2  feet;  August  and  September;  deep 
scarlet.  The  foliage  of  this  variety  is  bronzy  crimson,  rich  and  effective. 

L.  syphilitica.  Blue  Lobelia.  2  feet  ;  August  and  September  ;  deep 
blue.  The  plant  forms  a  very  compact  bush,  and  the  spikes  of  brilliant  flowers 
are  carried  well  above  the  foliage. 

LYCHNIS.  Lamp  Flower.  These  valuable  border  plants  prefer  a  light 
rich  loam  and  sunny  situations.  For  borders  or  rockeries  they  are  almost 
indispensable. 

L.  Chalcedonica.  London  Pride.  2  to  3  feet;  July  to  September;  ver- 
milion-scarlet. Excellent  for  cutting  purposes. 

154 


LYCHNIS  Coronaria;  syn.,  Agrostemma  Coronaria.  Rose  Campion. 
1 /4  to  2  feet  ;  June  and  July  ;  bright  crimson  flowers.  A  plant  with  showy 
silvery  white  foliage  and  brilliant  flowers.  Excellent  for  borders,  and  will 
thrive  in  shady  places,  growing  well  even  where  the  tree  roots  interfere  with 
grass  and  other  plants. 

L.  Coronaria,  var.  alba.     i)4  to  2  feet;  June  and  July;  white. 

L.  Flos-cuculi,  var.  plenissima.  Ragged  Robin,  i  to  2  feet;  May  to 
October;  rose.  Very  double  flowers.  A  persistent  bloomer. 

L.  Haageana.     i/4  feet;  June  and  July;   brilliant  orange -scarlet. 

L.  vespertina,  var.  alba  plena;  syn.,  alba.  White  Campion.  12  inches; 
May  to  September  ;  white.  The  flowers  of  this  variety  open  in  the  evening. 
They  have  a  charming  fragrance  and  are  excellent  for  cutting  purposes. 

L.  Viscaria,  var.  splendens.  German  Catchfly.  15  inches;  June  and 
July  ;  rose-pink.  The  fragrant  flowers  are  borne  on  long  spikes. 

LYSIMACHIA  clethroides.  Loosestrife.  i%  feet;  July  to  Septem- 
ber; pure  white.  A  tall,  stout  grower,  with  foliage  which  colors  very  richly  in 
the  autumn  and  flowers  excellent  for  cutting  purposes. 

L.  nummularia.  Moneywort.  4  inches;  June  to  August ;  a  deep  yellow. 
A  low  creeping  plant,  excellent  for  planting  under  trees.  It  forms  a  dense 
green  carpet,  against  which  the  bright  flowers  are  quite  showy. 

L.  punctata;  syn.,  verticillata.     i%  feet;  July;  yellow. 

LYTHRUM,  var.  roseum  superbum.  3  feet;  July  to  September;  rosy 
purple.  Excellent  for  planting  in  shrubbery  borders  and  low  swampy  grounds. 

MERTENSIA  pulmonarioides.  Virginia  Cowslip,  i  to  i%  feet;  May 
and  June;  light  blue.  Graceful  little  plants,  loving  a  rich  loam.  Excellent 
for  the  rockery  or  border. 

MONARDA.  Horsemint.  Almost  any  soil  will  suit  these  plants,  and  they 
are  quite  desirable  both  for  their  excellent  aromatic  foliage  and  showy  flowers. 
Of  special  value  when  planted  in  masses. 

M.  didyma.  Oswego  Tea,  or  Fragrant  Balm.  2  feet;  August  and  Sep- 
tember ;  bright  scarlet. 

M.  didyma,  var.  splendens.  2  feet;  August  and  September;  intense  rich 
crimson-scarlet. 

M.  fistulosa,  var.  rosea.  Wild  Bergamot.  2%  feet;  August  and  Sep- 
tember ;  deep  rose. 

M.  fistulosa,  var.  media;  syn.,  purpurea.     2%  feet;  August;  purple. 

MYOSOTIS.  Forget-me-not.  Almost  every  one  is  familiar  with  these 
pretty  little  plants  ;  they  thrive  in  moist,  half-shady  places,  are  excellent  for 
the  rockery,  or  will  also  grow  to  good  advantage  in  sunny  positions  in  the 
herbaceous  border. 

M.  palustris.  i  foot;  May  and  June;  light  blue.  A  broad,  spreading 
plant. 

155 


MYOSOTIS  laxa.  i  foot;  June  and  July;  light  blue.  A  smaller  flower 
than  M.  palustris. 

M.  alpestris,  var.  Victoria.  I  foot  ;  May  and  June  ;  azure -blue.  Of 
bushy  growth,  bearing  large  umbels  of  flowers. 

NEPETA  glecoma,  var.  variegata.  Ground  Ivy.  6  inches;  May;  light 
purple.  A  rapid,  spreading  cover-plant,  which  forms  a  dense,  close  carpet 
The  foliage  is  prettily  variegated.  Unsurpassed  for  the  rockery. 

CENOTHERA.  Evening  Primrose.  As  garden  plants  these  will  be  found 
a  highly  useful  class.  They  thrive  in  any  ordinary  garden  soil,  preferring 
sunny  situations.  These  are  excellent  border  plants  and  quite  useful  for  the 
rockery  or  wild  garden. 

CE.  Missouriensis ;  syn.,  macrocarpa.  i  foot;  June  and  July;  yellow. 
A  spreading  plant,  with  showy  flowers  from  4  to  6  inches  in  diameter. 

CE.  fruticosa,  var.  Youngii.  2  feet;  June  and  August;  lemon-yellow. 
An  excellent  sort,  of  stocky  growth,  and  a  profuse  bloomer. 

CE.  speciosa.  Tall  White  Evening  Primrose,  i/^  feet;  June  to  Octo- 
ber ;  white,  changing  to  pink.  The  flowers  of  this  variety  are  fragrant. 

OPHIOPOGON  Jaburan,  var.  aureus  variegatus.  Snake's  Beard. 
6  inches  ;  September  ;  blue.  These  form  broad,  neat  clumps  with  handsome 
foliage.  In  this  variety  it  is  prettily  striped  with  golden  yellow.  An  excellent 
plant  for  the  rockery  and  extremely  ornamental. 

PACHYSANDRA  terminalis.  8  inches  ;  May  and  June  ;  white.  A 
pretty  evergreen  plant,  thriving  in  all  soils,  and  making  a  dense  carpet  of  bright 
green  foliage.  The  flowers  are  borne  in  small  spikes. 

P^EONIA,  HERBACEOUS.  In  the  long  list  of  hardy  herbaceous  plants 
which  are  gaining  in  favor  every  year  with  the  plant-loving  world,  none  stand 
higher  than  the  Herbaceous  Peonies.  The  stately  beauty  of  their  bloom  in 
such  an  infinite  variety  of  colors  makes  them  indispensable  for  every  garden. 
Many  of  them  have  the  delicate  fragrance  of  the  rose,  and  seen  in  masses  against 
a  background  of  dark  foliage  produce  a  magnificent  effect.  They  are  very 
hardy  and  easily  grown  in  any  good  garden  soil,  requiring  only  to  be  heavily 
manured  every  fall.  They  should  have  plenty  of  water  at  all  times,  especially 
when  in  flower.  From  our  collection  we  can  select  collections  that  will  give 
bloom  from  early  May  to  the  end  of  June,  and  a  range  of  colors  from  pure 
white  to  deep  purple.  We  have  taken  much  care  to  select  sorts^with  fragrant 
flowers  and  have  noted  them  in  the  list.  (See  plate  on  page  171.) 

ABBREVIATIONS 

Index    letters    signify:     S,  sweet-scented;    D,  dwarf;    VE,  very  early;    £,  early; 
L,  late;   VL^  very  late;   T,  tall  grower. 

PjEONIA    ALBIFLORA;     syn.,    CHINENSIS.      Chinese    Pseony 

This  is  by  far  the  better-known  class  of  Peonies,  and  has  the  greatest  number 
of  hybrid  varieties.     They  flower  later  than  the  others  given  here  and  are  the  most 

156 


HERBACEOUS  PLANTS 


effective.     The  following  is  a  partial  list  of  the  varieties  carried  in  stock,  and  we 
shall  be  glad  at  any  time  to  give  a  list  of  the  entire  collection. 


WHITE    AND    FLESH 

Alba  plena.     Blush  white. 
Albicans.     White. 
Canarie.    (S)   White,  yellow  center. 
Duchesse  de  Theba.    Flesh  white. 
Faust.     (S)     Flesh. 
Hector.     (D)     Blush  white,  shaded 
to  shell-pink. 

Madame  Vilmprin.  Guard  petals 
blush,  center  white  flaked  with  crimson. 

Octavie  Demay.  (S)  Flesh -colored, 
buff  reflex. 

Queen  Victoria.  Broad  blush  guard 
petals,  with  compact  flesh  center. 

Whiteleyi.  Blush  white  with  cream 
center. 

No.    351.      (5,    T)      Paper-white. 

Fine  full  flower,  very  large. 

PINK 
Chateaubriand.     Rose -pink. 

Madame  Pelissier.  Pink  guard 
petals,  light  rose  center;  very  loose, 
showing  seed-pods. 

Rosea.     Pink. 

Soeur  Rosalie.  Guard  petals  bright 
pink,  edged  with  white,  center  petals 
delicately  edged  with  maroon  ;  flowers 
good  size.  Good  habit. 

No.  335.     Rose-pink. 

No.  341.  Broad  pink  guard  petals ; 
center  full,  incurved,  of  salmon-pink. 

RED    AND    PURPLE 

Ambroise  Verschaffelt.     Purple. 
Brennus.     (L)     Crimson. 
Colurens.     Magenta-red. 
Dalachei.     (L)     Crimson. 
Fulgida.  (L)  Deep  crimson -purple. 

Madame  Lebon.  Bright  cherry-red 
with  satiny  tint.  Enormous  flower. 

Paul  Verdier.  (£>,  L)  Dark  rosy 
carmine. 


Rubra.  Red ;  strong  grower ;  large 
flower. 

Verschaffeltii.     Deep  red. 

No.  358.  (T,  L)  Dark  red;  very 
tall,  strong  grower.  Flowers  full- 
globular. 

No.  359.  Semi-double;  cherry-red; 
good  color  ;  large,  loose,  open  flower. 

ROSE 

Artemise.  Rose,  slightly  flesh - 
colored,  with  lilac  reflex. 

Clarissa.     Rosy  pink. 

Grand  Sultan.  (E)  Silvery  rose; 
large. 

J.  B.  Rendatler.    Lively  satiny  rose. 

Lady  Bramwell.  Silvery  rose. 
Good  size  and  substance  ;  a  very  satis- 
factory bloomer. 

Madame  Bollet.  Flesh -rose  with 
white  reflex. 

Madame  Calot.  (S)  Buff,  center 
rose. 

Madame  Chaumy.  (L)  Satiny 
rose,  center  flesh. 

Madame  de  Muyssart.  (FL) 
Lively  rose  ;  large  ;  good  form. 

Madame  Ducel.  Salmon  -  rose, 
striped  with  silvery  white  ;  large. 

Marie  Houillon.  (L)  Light  satiny 
rose. 

Modeste  Geurin.  Cherry  rose. 
Large,  full,  globular  flower. 

Princess  Mathilde.  Rose,  slightly 
violet.  Enormous  flower. 

Rose  Quintal.   (D,L)   Transparent 


carmine-rose. 


silvery 


Saturnalia.       Lilac      rose, 
tinted.     Enormous  flower. 

Sidoni.     Lilac  rose,  dark  center. 

Tricolor  plena.     (D)     Rose,  flesh 
and  white.     Very  floriferous. 

No.  334.    (FE)     Silvery  rose.    Full 
broad  flower. 


157 


SINGLE    HERBACEOUS    PEONIES 


WHITE 

Bridesmaid.    (D)    White,  blushed 
with  shell-pink. 

Medon.     (D)     Blush. 

Quintilius.      (D)     White;     long 
golden  stamens. 

PINK 

Abrupolis.     Pink. 
Larissa.     ( T)     Pink. 


RED    AND    PURPLE 

Comus.     Light  purple. 
Eclat.     Purple. 
Lucrinus.     ( T)     Crimson. 

Mardonius.    (D)    Crimson.    Com- 
pact grower. 


ROSE 


Josephine.      Rose, 
very  good  color. 


Large    flower, 


VARIOUS    SPECIES 


Pseonia  corallina.  (VE)  A  very  spreading  sort.  The  flowers  are  early, 
following  the  species  P.  tenuifolia  and  preceding  P.  alba  flora.  Flowers  single, 
purple-red,  and  followed  by  seed-pods  with  very  showy  black  and  coral-red  seed. 

P.  officinalis.  (VE)  A  very  early  sort,  with  excellent  dark  green  foliage 
and  brilliant  showy  flowers.  In  succession  of  bloom  they  follow  P.  tenuifolia 
and  are  always  in  great  demand,  as  they  produce  the  best  flowers  of  any  of  the 
early  sorts. 

P.  officinalis,  var.  rubra  plena.  Double;  brilliant,  deep  crimson;  much 
sought  for  to  use  as  a  cut  flower. 

P.  officinalis,  var.  rosea  plena.     Double;   beautiful  clear  pink. 

P.  tenuifolia.  (FE)  Growing  12  to  18  inches,  with  dark,  finely  cut  foli- 
age, and  bearing  large  showy  flowers.  This  is  the  earliest  variety  to  bloom, 
and  when  well  established  they  form  beautiful  clumps.  The  flowers  are  single 
and  rich  crimson. 

P.  tenuifolia,  var.  flore  pleno.    Flowers  dense,  double  and  brilliant  crimson. 

P.  triternata.  An  early -flowering  species  about  18  inches  in  height,  with 
rounded  leaves  of  grayish  green,  and  bears  single  bright  red  flowers. 

PAPAVER.  Poppy.  No  class  of  garden  plants  give  more  satisfaction  or 
produce  more  brilliant  effect  than  the  Poppies.  This  is  specially  true  of 
P.  orientalis  and  P.  bracteatum ;  strong  growers,  with  excellent  foliage  and 
large,  brilliant,  showy  flowers.  No  border  should  be  without  them,  as  they 
can  be  grown  successfully  in  any  soil. 

P.  orientale.  Oriental  Poppy.  2  feet;  June;  orange -scarlet.  A  mag- 
nificent variety. 

P.  bracteatum.  4  feet;  June;  blood-red,  with  black  bar  at  base  of  petal. 
This  variety  is  large,  rich  and  distinct. 

P.  nudicaule.  Iceland  Poppy.  I  foot;  June  to  October;  colors  from 
pure  white  and  yellow  to  deepest  orange-scarlet.  The  most  profuse  bloomer 
of  this  class.  The  flowers,  on  slender  stalks,  are  carried  well  above  the  pretty, 
fern-like  foliage. 


PARDANTHUS. 
158 


See  Belemcanda. 


PENTSTEMON.  Beard  Tongue.  An  excellent  class  for  the  border  and 
rockery  or  for  massing.  Their  cultivation  is  easy  in  ordinary  garden  soil ; 
they  are  persistent  bloomers  and  the  flowers  are  useful  for  cutting  purposes. 

P.  barbatus.  3  feet;  July  and  August;  deep  scarlet.  The  flowers  are 
borne  in  long,  showy  spikes. 

P.  Isevigatus,  var.  Digitalis.  3  feet;  July  and  August;  pure  white.  A 
strong  grower,  with  large  flowers  in  long  spikes. 

P.  ovatus.     2  to  3  feet;.  July  and  August;   blue,  changing  to  purple. 
P.  puniceus.     2  feet;  July  and  August;   scarlet. 

PERENNIAL  PHLOX.  This  notable  family  of  hardy  perennials  is 
perhaps  the  most  widely  known  and  popular  of  all  the  various  plants  which 
we  have  in  our  gardens,  and  each  year  finds  the  newer  and  showier  varieties 
increasing  through  the  hybridizer's  skill.  Certainly  no  perennial  is  more 
worthy  of  culture,  more  satisfactory  in  every  situation,  or  more  effective,  either 
as  individual  plants  or  grouped  in  masses  in  shrubbery  beds.  All  of  the 
Phloxes,  with  the  exception  of  the  dwarf  form,  are  well  adapted  for  cutting, 
and  are  exceedingly  floriferous.  The  plants  begin  to  bloom  in  midsummer, 
and  the  garden  borders  can  be  kept  aflame  with  great  flower-cones  from  June 
until  frost.  Already  they  run  through  the  whole  gamut  of  colors  in  shades 
delicate  or  deep  and  rich,  with  flowers  ringed,  eyed,  shaded  and  self-colored. 
Although  the  Phloxes  are  bold  and  hardy  in  their  growth,  thriving  even  in  poor 
soils  and  situations,  they  appreciate  deep,  rich  ones,  and  pay  a  royal  tribute  to 
all  extra  care  bestowed.  Every  shoot  of  the  plants  is  usually  topped  by  a 
heavy  pyramidal  cluster.  (See  plate  on  page  172.) 

P.  divaricata;  syn.,  Canadensis.  i  to  i/4  feet;  April  and  May;  lilac- 
blue.  An  exceptionally  attractive  border  plant  and  useful  for  rockery  work. 
It  prefers  a  rich  soil,  but  thrives  well  in  woods  and  low  grounds. 


PHLOX     PANICULATA;    syn.,    DECUSSATA.        Perennial    Phlox 


Two  to  4  feet.  These  are  the  well 
list  names  an  excellent  collection  with  a 
early  June  until  late  October. 

Albatre.  White,  extra  dwarf ;  dense 
panicles. 

Argon.  Large  panicles  of  large 
flowers,  delicate  rose,  shaded  salmon. 

Astier  Rehu.  Large  flowers,  with 
undulated  petals  ;  violet-purple,  with 
large  white  center. 

Bacchante.  Dark  crimson,  shad- 
ing lighter  to  center. 

Brantome.  Well -formed  flowers, 
groseille  red,  violet  center. 

Czarina.  Pure  white;  pyramidal 
spikes. 

Candeur.    Pure  white;   extra  dwarf. 


known  garden  forms,  and  the  following 
wide  range  of  color.     They  flower  from 

Caran  de  Ache.  Rosy  carmine, 
tinged  with  rose;  fine  truss. 

Champs  Elysee.  Intense  rich 
purple-crimson. 

Coccinea.     Rich,  glowing  crimson. 

Coquelicpt.  Fine  pure  scarlet,  with 
bright  crimson  eye. 

Derviche.  Dark  lilac,  purplish  vio- 
let center  ;  flowers  very  large,  of  per- 
fect form. 

Eclaireur.  Flowers  immense,  car- 
mine ;  salmon  center,  rosy  white  star. 

Etna.  Fine  salmon -scarlet,  with 
dark  crimson  eye — a  bright,  rich  color. 

159 


Chestnut  Hill  ^Philadelphia 


PHLOX    PANICULATA    (PERENNIAL    PHLOX),    continued 


Fantome.  Perfectly  formed  flow- 
ers, very  large  ;  well-defined  pure 
white,  surrounded  by  clear  violet. 

General  Chanzy.  Very  bright,  dark 
salmon. 

Girondin.  Very  large,  perfectly 
formed  flowers ;  dark  carmine-rose, 
shading  blush  to  center. 

Henri  Murger.  Large,  pure  white, 
large  Carmine  center  ;  very  fine  ;  bet- 
ter than  Mrs.  Dwyer. 

Independence.  Pure  white,  large 
flowers  ;  earlier  than  Czarina. 

Iris.     Dark  purple-violet. 

J.  H.  Slocum.  Vivid  crimson,  with 
dark  eye. 

James  Galloway.     Cherry -red. 

La  Vague.  Silvery  rose,  large 
flowers. 

Lothair.  Cerise -salmon,  with  crim- 
son eye. 

Lord  Raleigh.  Large  flowers ;  dark 
violet,  shading  to  blue,  center  purple. 

La  Feu  de  Monde.  Flame  color; 
late. 

Mad.    Pape   Carpentier.      Dwarf. 

Pure  white  ;  very  early. 


Madame  P.  Langier.  Salmon - 
pink,  dark  eye. 

Montagnard.  Flowers  of  perfect 
form  ;  large,  dark  red,  purple  eye. 

Matador.     Flame  color. 

Madame  Muret.  Flame  color; 
early. 

Nettie  Stewart.  White,  with  pink 
eye. 

Norwood.  Large  flowers  and 
spike  ;  bright  magenta-crimson. 

Ornament.  Bright  clear  rose ;  very 
large,  pyramidal  panicles.  Blooms 
from  early  summer  until  fall. 

Pantheon.  Very  large  flowers ;  rose, 
light  center. 

R.  P.  Struthers.  Bright  salmon, 
crimson  eye. 

Suffrage.  Lilac-mauve;  large  rose 
center. 

Sylphide.  Panicles  of  very  large, 
pure  white  flowers. 

Thebadie.  Perfect  flowers,  light 
rose. 

William  Muhle.  Shiny  rose  and 
white,  carmine-red  eye. 


PHLOX  subulata.  Ground,  or  Moss  Pink.  4  inches;  May;  rose.  As 
a  cover-plant  and  for  rockery  work  we  know  of  nothing  that  exceeds  this  and 
the  following  variety.  The  foliage  is  excellent,  forming  a  dense,  close  carpet 
of  green,  and  when  in  flower  the  plants  are  a  sheet  of  color. 

P.  subulata,  var.  alba.     4  inches;   May;   white. 


PHYSOSTEGIA  Virginiana. 

in  showy  spikes. 


3  feet;  July  and  August ;   rose.     Flowers 


PLATYCODON.     Chinese  Bell-flower,     yery  showy  border  plants,  form- 
ing stout  bushes,  and  bearing  large  quantities  of  beautiful  bell-shaped  flowers. 

P.  grandiflorum.     Balloon -flower.      1^2  feet;  June  to  October;   blue. 

P.  grandiflorum,   var.    alba.     \Yz    feet;    June   to   October;    white.     An 
extremely  pretty  variety.      (See  plate  on  page  172.) 

P.  grandiflorum,  var.  Japonicum  flore  pleno.     i  to  i%  feet ;   June  to 
October  ;  deep  blue.     One  of  the  showiest  sorts. 


P.  grandiflorum,  var.  Mariesi. 
160 


12  inches;   June  to  October;   blue. 


Japanese  Iris.      Showing  size  of  flowers  grown  at  Andorra. 

See  page  150. 


Iris  Kaempferi.     See  page  150. 


POLEMONIUM.  Jacob's  Ladder.  These  are  valued  as  much  for  their 
handsome,  deeply  cut,  dark  green  foliage  as  for  their  clusters  of  showy  flowers. 
Well  adapted  for  garden  or  rockery,  and  thrive  in  ordinary  soils. 

P.  cseruleum.      1/4  to  2  feet;   May  to  July;   deep  blue. 

P.  caeruleum,  var.  album.     i%  to  2  feet;   May  to  July;   pure  white. 

POTENTILLA  grandiflora.  i  foot;  June  and  July;  red  and  orange. 
A  beautiful  perennial  with  handsome  foliage,  and  flowers  in  broad  heads,  which 
are  borne  well  above  the  foliage.  Excellent  for  massing. 

PRIMULA.  Primrose.  A  class  of  excellent  plants  for  the  border,  but  of 
special  value  in  the  rockery.  They  thrive  in  rich,  well-drained  soil,  preferring 
partly  shaded  positions,  although  they  will  give  satisfaction  in  a  sunny  border. 

P.  Sieboldi,  var.  Queen  of  Whites.     9  inches;    May;   pure  white. 

P.  Sieboldi,  var.  Sirius.  9  inches;  May;  rich  crimson-rose,  with  white  eye. 

P.  suaveolens.     English  Cowslip,      i  foot;   May;   yellow  and  orange. 

P.  veris.     6  inches;   May;   in  a  large  variety  of  colors. 

P.  vulgaris.     Primrose.     6  inches;   May;   yellow. 

PYRETHRUM.  Feverfew.  Of  all  hardy  plants  suitable  for  cutting  none 
are  more  beautiful.  They  thrive  in  any  good  soil,  but  prefer  it  light,  rich  and 
well  drained.  The  plants  have  excellent  foliage,  and  the  beautiful  showy 
flowers  are  borne  on  long  stems. 

P.  roseum,  var.  Aphrodite.     i}4  feet;  June  and  July;   double  white. 
P.  roseum,  var.  King  Oscar.     1/4  feet;  June  and  July;   double  purple. 

P.  roseum,  var.  Marquis  of  Salisbury.  i)4  feet;  June  and  July;  double, 
deep  pink. 

RUDBECKIA.  A  class  of  well-known  border  plants,  thriving  in  ordinary 
soil  and  forming  handsome  bushes  with  beautiful  flowers,  suitable  for  cutting 
purposes.  Possibly  the  best  is  variety  R.  lac'iniata,  which  is  generally  known 
as  the  Golden  Glow. 

R.  laciniata,  var.  Golden  Glow.  6  feet;  July  to  September;  golden  yel- 
low. Very  large,  double  dahlia-like  flowers,  borne  in  great  masses.  An 
extremely  showy  plant. 

R.  Newmani.     i/^  feet;  August  and  September;  yellow. 

R.  triloba.  3  feet;  August  and  September;  deep  yellow.  The  flowers 
of  this  variety  are  small  but  very  attractive. 

SANTOLINA  incana.  Lavender -cotton,  i  foot;  July;  deep  yellow. 
This  plant  forms  a  broad,  densely  branched  evergreen  bush,  with  intensely 
silvery  foliage,  and  is  very  effective  either  for  the  border  or  rockery. 

SCABIOSA  Caucasica.  Mourning  Bride.  18  inches;  June;  lilac-blue. 
An  excellent  border  plant,  useful  for  cutting  purposes.  The  flowers  are  borne 
on  long  stems. 

163 


SEDUM.  Stone  Crop.  These  plants  are  excellent  for  the  rockery  or 
border  and  invaluable  for  covering  dry  banks  where  little  else  will  thrive. 
Their  foliage  is  of  particularly  beautiful  colors,  and  the  flowers  are  odd  and 
showy. 

S.  Rhodiola ;  syn.,  roseum.  12  inches;  August;  light  pink.  A  very 
neat-growing  plant. 

S.  sexangulare.     6  inches;  June,  July;  yellow. 

S.  spectabilis.  I  foot;  September  and  October;  rose.  Flowers  are 
borne  in  broad,  flat,  showy  heads. 

S.  telephoides.  i  foot;  July  and  August;  pink.  The  foliage  of  this 
variety  is  purple  and  it  holds  its  color  well. 

SOLIDAGO.  Goldenrod.  Every  one  is  familiar  with  the  beautiful 
Goldenrod  that  brightens  our  fields  and  roadsides  during  the  late  fall,  but  it  is 
not  generally  known  that  they  are  excellent  plants  for  the  border  or  wild  garden. 
The  dwarfer  sorts  may  be  used  to  advantage  in  the  rockery.  They  thrive  in 
almost  any  soil,  transplant  easily,  and  either  for  their  effects  in  masses  or  for 
cutting  purposes  are  unexcelled  by  any  fall  flower.  The  following  are  a  few 
of  the  best  and  most  distinct  varieties. 

S.altissima.     4  feet;   September  and  October;  yellow. 

S.  bicolor.  2 /^  feet;  September  and  October;  white.  Known  commonly 
as  "  Silver-rod."  An  excellent  plant  for  shady  positions. 

S.  caesia.  3  feet;  September  and  October;  yellow.  The  stems  of  this 
variety  are  purple. 

S.  latifolia.  2  feet;  September  and  October;  yellow.  Large  foliage  and 
very  large  flowers. 

S.  serotina.     3  feet;   September;   bright  golden  yellow. 

S.  serotina,  var.  gigantea.  5  to  6  feet;  October;  yellow.  An  excep- 
tionally strong  grower. 

SPIR-#£A.  Goat's  Beard,  or  Meadow  Sweet.  Plants  growing  well  in 
ordinary  garden  soil,  but  thriving  best  in  a  rich  loam.  Of  equal  value  for  the 
shrubbery  border  or  wild  garden,  as  they  form  handsome  bushes  with  excellent 
foliage,  and  the  large  heads  of  showy  flowers  are  carried  well  above  the  foliage. 
They  cannot  be  spoken  of  too  highly,  and  should  be  in  every  collection. 

S.  Aruncus.  4  to  5  feet;  June  and  July;  white.  An  excellent  plant  for 
moist  and  shady  places,  and  the  flowers  are  produced  in  immense  branched 
panicles. 

S.  filipendula  flore  pleno.  2  feet;  June  and  July;  clear  white.  The 
large  showy  heads  of  flowers  are  carried  well  above  the  beautiful  fern-like  dark 
green  foliage. 

S.  palmata.  2  feet;  June  and  July;  deep  crimson;  possibly  the  finest  of 
this  class. 

S.  palmata  var.  elegans.  3  feet;  June  and  July;  pure  white,  with  crim- 
son anthers.  A  rich  and  beautiful  variety,  doing  well  in  moist  places. 

164 


SPIRAEA  Ulmaria.  3  feet;  June  and  July;  white.  One  of  the  most 
beautiful  and  excellent  for  cutting. 

S.  venusta.     3  feet;  June  and  July;   deep  pink.     Fragrant. 

STACHYS  Betonica;  syn.,  Betonica  rosea.  i  foot;  July  and  August ; 
rosy  pink.  An  excellent  plant,  forming  compact  clumps,  with  deep  green, 
pretty  foliage,  and  bearing  flowers  in  small  spikes.  An  excellent  plant  for  the 
rockery. 

STATICE.  Sea  Lavender.  Useful  rockery  plants,  preferring  rich,  well- 
drained  soil.  The  foliage  is  deep  green  and  leathery  ;  the  flowers,  in  large- 
branched  panicles,  are  carried  well  above  the  foliage. 

S.  Tatarica;  syn.,  incana.     15  inches;  June  to  August;   bright  red. 
S.  Gmelini.     18  inches;  July  to  September;   blue. 

STOKESIA  cyanea.  Stokes'  Aster,  i^  to  2  feet;  July  to  October; 
lavender-blue.  One  of  the  very  best  border  and  rockery  plants,  thriving  in 
any  soil.  The  foliage  is  handsome,  and  from  early  July  until  frost  the  plants 
are  covered  with  clusters  of  broad  flowers,  often  4  inches  in  diameter.  As  it  is 
a  low  grower,  it  is  very  useful  for  borders. 

THALICTRUM.  Meadow  Rue.  These  thrive  in  any  garden  soil,  and 
are  of  equal  value  for  the  border  or  rockery.  They  have  handsome  foliage, 
and  the  showy  flowers  on  long  stems  are  carried  well  above  it. 

T.  adiantifolium.     i^feet.     May  and  June;  yellow. 

T.  aquilegifolium.    Feathered  Columbine.    2  feet;   May  and  June;   white. 

THERMOPSIS  Caroliniana.  4  feet;  June  and  July;  yellow.  A  hand- 
some plant,  producing  long  spikes  of  showy  flowers. 

TRADESCANTIA.  Spiderwort.  These  are  very  bushy  plants,  with 
deep  green,  attractive  foliage,  and  of  equal  value  for  the  border  or  rockery. 
They  thrive  in  any  soil,  and  produce  a  constant  succession  of  handsome  flowers 
from  early  summer  until  frost. 

T.  Virginiana.     2  feet;   June  to  October;   bright  purple. 

T.  Virginiana,  var.  alba.     2  feet;   June  to  October;   pure  white. 

TROLLIUS  Europaeus.  Globe  Flower.  2  feet;  May  to  August;  bright 
yellow.  This  plant  has  handsome  dark  green,  finely  cut  foliage,  and  the  brilliant 
yellow  flowers,  resembling  immense  buttercups,  are  carried  well  above  the  foli- 
age. An  excellent  variety  for  the  border  or  rockery. 

VERNONIA.  Iron  Weed.  Strong- growing  plants,  with  pretty  foliage, 
and  bearing  showy  heads  of  flowers.  Excellent  for  the  back  rows  of  borders, 
and  may  be  used  with  shrubbery  to  good  effect. 

V,  Arkansana.     5  feet;   August  and  September;   red. 
T.  Baldwini.     4  feet;   August  and  September;   purple. 

165 


VERONICA.  Speedwell.  Beautiful  hardy  plants  for  either  the  border  or 
the  rockery,  thriving  in  any  soil  and  giving  a  constant  succession  of  flowers 
from  spring  until  frost.  The  dwarfer  sorts  make  excellent  cover-plants. 

V.  longifolia,  var.  subsessilis.  2  feet ;  August  to  October;  deep  bright 
blue.  The  best  of  the  large-growing  varieties. 

V.  longifolia,  var.  rosea.     !/•£  feet;  June  to  August;  rose. 

V.  rupestris.  Rock  Speedwell.  8  inches;  May  and  June;  bright  blue. 
This  variety  forms  a  thick,  dense  bush,  with  deep  green  foliage,  and  when  in 
bloom  is  literally  covered  with  its  bright  flowers. 

V.  spicata.  1%  feet;  June  to  September;  bright  blue.  Flowers  are 
borne  in  long  spikes  and  continue  for  several  weeks. 

V.  spicata,  var.  alba.     i%  feet;  June  to  September;   pure  white. 

V.  Virginica.  4  feet;  August  and  September;  pure  white.  The  flowers 
are  borne  in  long  spikes,  often  18  inches  in  length. 

VINCA.  Periwinkle.  For  covering  bare  spaces  under  trees,  and  as  a 
cover-plant  in  the  rockery  this  is  not  surpassed  by  any  perennial.  It  is  a  dense, 
close,  but  rapid  grower,  the  long,  trailing  shoots  rooting  at  intervals  and  form- 
ing a  dense,  dark  green  carpet,  which  is  lighted  up  by  the  showy  flowers  borne 
in  profusion  in  the  spring  and  occasionally  throughout  the  summer. 

V.  minor.     6  inches;   May;   bright  blue. 

V.  minor,  var.  alba.     6  inches;    May;   pure  white. 


Ferns 

Every  place  has  some  nook  or  corner  where  these  beautiful  plants  can  be 
used  to  good  advantage.  They  are  most  at  home  in  moist,  shady  spots,  but  these 
conditions  are  not  absolutely  necessary,  and  we  give  below  varieties  that  will 
thrive  in  the  open  border.  A  prime  necessity  is  rich,  loose  and  fine  soil,  full 
of  "humus"  or  leaf-mold,  such  as  ferns  thrive  in  when  they  grow  naturally. 
Hard,  clay  ground  is  not  fit  for  ferns. 

(*)   For  shady  places,     (t)   For  the  open  border. 

*Adiantum  pedatum.     Maidenhair     tNephrodium    Filix-mas.       Male 
Fern.  Fern. 

*Aspidium  acrostichoides.    Wood  tOnoclea  struthiopteris.     Ostrich 

Fern.  Fern. 

*A.  Goldianum.     Shield  Fern.  tOsmunda  gracilis.     Flowering 
tAsplenium    Filix-foemina.     Lady  Fern. 

Fern.  tO.  Claytoniana.     Flowering  Fern. 

*Botrychium     Virginianum.  tPolypodium  f alcatum , 

Moonwort.  *Woodwardia  angustifolia.  Chain 
tDicksonia  punctilobula.     Gossa-  Fern. 

mer  Fern. 

156 


Hedge    Plants 


EVERGREEN    TREES 

Biota  orientalis.     Chinese  Arborvitae. 

Picea  excelsa.     Norway  Spruce. 

Retinospora  plumosa.  Japan  Cypress. 
Dwarf. 

R.  plumosa  aurea.  Golden  Japan  Cypress. 
Dwarf. 

Taxus  baccata.     English  Yew. 

Thuya  occidentalis.    American  Arborvitae. 

T.  occidentalis  Wareana.  Siberian  Ar- 
borvitae. 

Tsuga  Canadensis.     Hemlock. 


EVERGREEN 

Azalea  amcena. 

sempervirens. 


SHRUBS 


Common     Tree 


Buxus 
Box. 

B.  sempervirens     suffruticosa.        Dwarf 
Edging  Box. 

Crataegus  pyracantha.     Evergreen  Thorn. 

C.  pyracantha  Lelandii.     Leland's  Thorn. 
Euonymus  Japonica. 

Ilex  crenata  microphylla.    Japanese  Holly. 
Mahonia     aquifolia.       Holly-leaved     Ma- 

honia. 
M.  Japonica.     Japanese  Mahonia. 

DECIDUOUS    TREES 

Acer  Tataricum,  var.  Ginnala.  Tartarian 
Maple. 

Carpinus  Americana.  American  Horn- 
beam. 

C.  Betulus.     European  Hornbeam. 

Crataegus  Crus-galli.     Cockspur  Thorn. 

C.  Oxyacantha.     English  Hawthorn. 

Fagus  sylvatica.     English  Beech. 

Gleditschia  triacanthos.     Honey  Locust. 

Madura  aurantiaca.     Osage  Orange. 


DECIDUOUS     SHRUBS 

Acanthopanax  spinosa. 

Berberis  Thunbergii.     Japanese  Barberry. 

B.  Sinensis.     Chinese  Barberry. 

B.  vulgaris.     Common  Barberry. 

B.  purpurea.     Purple  Barberry. 

Citrus  trifoliata.     Hardy  Orange. 

Cydonia  Japonica.    Japan  Quince. 

Elaeagnus  longipes.     Japanese  Oleaster. 

Forsythia  viridissima.     Golden  Bell. 

Hibiscus     Syriacus.       Althaea;     Rose    of 
Sharon. 

Hippophae  rhamnoides.     Sea  Buckthorn. 

Hydrangea  paniculata  grandiflora. 

Ligustrum  Amurense.     A  moor  Privet. 

L.  Ibota.     Siberian  Privet. 

L.  Regelianum.     Regel's  Privet. 

L.  Japonica.    Japanese  Privet. 

L.  ovalifolium.     California  Privet. 

L.  Sinensis.     Chinese  Privet. 

L.  vulgaris.     Common  Privet. 

Lonicera  Tatarica.   Tartarian  Bush  Honey- 
suckle. 

Rhamnus  catharticus.     Buckthorn. 

Syringa  vulgaris.     Lilac. 

Tamarix. 

Viburnum  plicatum.     Japanese   Snowball. 

V.  plicatum    tomentosum.     Single    Japan 
Snowball. 

GRASSES 

Eulalias,  in  variety. 

ROSES 

Rosa  rugosa.     Japanese  Rose. 
R.  rubiginosa.     Sweet  Briar. 
R.  microphylla. 
R.  multiflora. 

FLOWERING      SHRUBS 

Almost  any  of  the  Spireas,  and  such 
shrubs,  will  make  very  satisfactory  orna- 
mental hedges. 


167 


INDEX 


Aaron'8  Beard    ..........    83 

Abelia  ...............    67 

Abies    ..............      9 

Acanthopanax     ..........    67 

Acer     ..............  37,  38 

Achillea  ..............  136 

Aconitum    .............  136 

Actinidia     .............  104 

Adam's  Needle  ...........    33 

Adiantum    .............  166 

Adonis     ..............  136 


Ailanthus    ..........  •  .    .    .    39 

Akebia     .............       104 

Allspice,  or  Sweet  Shrub    ......    71 

Alnus   ......        ......    39 

Althaea  (see,  also,  Hibiscus)    .    67,  80,  136 
Alum  Root  .............  148 

Alyssum  ..............  137 

Amelanchier   ...........  39,  67 

Amorpha     .............    67 

Ampelopsis      ............  104 

Amygdalus.     See  Prunus. 

Andromeda  (see,  also,  Oxydendrum)  .  25,28 

Anemone     .............  137 

Anthemis     ..........    ...  137 

Anthericum     ............  137 

Apples      ............  iii>  *i2 

Aquilegia    ..........  137,  138 

Arabis      ..............  138 

Aralia  ........        ......    39 

Arborvitae    .............    21 

Arenaria  ..............  138 

Aristolochia    ............  104 

Armeria  ..............  138 

Aronia.     See  Pyrus. 

Arrow-wood    ............    98 

Artemisia     .............  138 

Arundo    ..............  103 

Asclepias     .............  138 

Ash  ...............  49,  50 

Asparagus   .............  124 

Aspidium     .............  166 

Asplenium  .............  166 

Aster    .............  138,  139 

Astilbe      ..............  139 

Azaleas     ............  25,  68 

Baby's  Breath    ...........  147 

Baccharis     .............    68 

Balloon-flower    ...........  160 

Bambusa      .............  103 

Baptisia    ..............  139 

Barberry  ..............    71 

Barrenwort  .............  146 

Basswood     .............    62 

Beard  Tongue    ...........  159 

Beauty-fruit    ............    71 

168 


Beech 49 

Belemcanda 139 

Bell-flower 140 

Benzoin 68 

Berberis 71 

Betonica.     See  Stachys. 

Betula 40 

Bignonia      104 

Biota 10 

Birch 40 

Bittersweet 105 

Black  Alder 39 

Blackberries 119 

Blackberry  Lily 139 

Black  Haw 101 

Black  Walnut 50 

Bladder  Nut 95 

Bladder  Senna 72 

Blanket  Flower 147 

Blazing  Star 154 

Bleeding  Heart 145 

Blue  Spirea 72 

Bocconia 139 

Boltonia 139 

Botrychium 166 

Box  Elder 37 

Boxwood 25,26 

Broussonetia 40 

Buckthorn 90 

Burning  Bush 79 

Butterfly  Weed 138 

Buttonwood 56 

Buxus 25,26 

Calimeris 139 

Callicarpa 71 

Callirhoe      139 

Calycanthus 71 

Campanula      140 

Candytuft 149 

Caragana 71 

Cardinal  Flower 154 

Carpinus 40 

Carya    . 43 

Caryopteris 72 

Castanea 43 

Catalpa 43 

Ceanothus 72 

Cedar 10,  12,  13 

Cedrela 44 

Cedrus 10 

Celastrus 105 

Celtis 44 

Centaurea 140 

Cephalotaxus TO 

Cerastium 140 

Cerasus 44 

Ceratostigma 140 


INDEX,    continued 


Cercidiphyllum 45 

Cercis 45 ,72 

Chamomile 137 

Chaste  Tree 101 

Chelone 140 

Cherries 113 

Cherry 44 

Chestnut 43,  114 

Chinese  Angelica  Tree 39 

Chinese  Arborvitae 10 

Chinese  Bell-flower 160 

Chinese  Cork  Tree 56 

Chionanthus 72 

Choice  Fruits m-ii8 

Chokeberry 90 

Christmas  Rose 148 

Chrysanthemum 140,  143 

Cimicifuga 143 

Cineraria.     See  Artemisia. 

Cinquefoil 89 

Citrus 72 

Cladrastis 45 

Clematis 105,  144 

Clethra 72 

Colorado  Tea 72 

Columbine 137,  138,  165 

Colutea 72 

Comptonia 73 

Cone-flower 146 

Conoclinium 144 

Convallaria 144 

Coral  Berry 95 

Corchorus 73*84 

Coreopsis 144 

Cork   Bark 79 

Cornus 45.73 

Coronilla 144 

Corylus 73 

Cotoneaster 26,74 

Crab  Apples 113 

Cranesbill 147 

Crape  Myrtle 84 

Crataegus 27,  45,  46 

Crown  Vetch 144 

Cryptomeria n 

Cucumber  Tree 52 

Cunila 144 

Cupressus n 

Currant 91,119 

Cydonia 74 

Cypress u,  20,  62 

Cytisus 46,  74 

Daphne 27,  74 

Deciduous  Shrubs 67 

Delphinium 144 

Desmodium.     See  Lespedeza. 

Deutzia 74,  77 

Dianthus 144, 145 


Dicentra 145 

Dicksonia 166 

Dictamnus 145 

Diervilla 77»78 

Digitalis 145,  146 

Diospyros 46 

Dirca 79 

Dogwood 45.73 

Dolichos.     See  Pueraria. 

Doronicum 146 

Double-flowering  Plum 90 

Dutchman's  Pipe 104 

Dwarf  Juneberry 39 

Echinacea 146 

Elaeagnus 79 

Elder 91 

Elm       65 

English  Ivy 106 

Epimedium      146 

Erianthus 103 

Erigeron 146 

Eryngium 146 

Esculent  Roots 124 

Eulalia 103 

Euonymus 27,  79,  106 

Eupatorium 146 

Euphorbia 146 

Evening  Primrose 156 

Evergreen  Shrubs 25 

Evergreen  Trees 9-22 

Everlasting  Pea 106 

Exochorda 79 

Fagus 49 

False  Indigo 67,  139 

Ferns 166 

Feverfew 163 

Fir  (see,  also,  Picea) 9 

Flame  Flower 154 

Flowering  Almond 90 

Flowering  Crab 58 

Flowering  Raspberry 91 

Forget-me-not 155 

Forsythia      80 

Foxgloves 145,  146 

Fox  Grape 107 

Fraxinus 49,  50 

Frost  Grape 107,  116 

Funkia 146 

Gaillardia 147 

Garland  Flower 27 

Gas  Plant 145 

Gentian 147 

Gentiana      147 

Geranium 147 

German  Catchfly 155 

Geum 147 

Gingko,  or  Maidenhair 60 

Gleditschia 50 


169 


INDEX,    continued 


Globe  Flower 73,  165 

Goat's  Beard 164, 165 

Golden  Bell 80 

Golden  Chain 46 

Goldenrod 164 

Golden  Tuft 137 

Glyptostrobus.    See  Taxodium. 

Goodyera 147 

Gooseberries 119,120 

Grapes 107,  120 

Ground  Ivy 156 

Ground,  or  Moss  Pink 160 

Groundsel  Shrub 68 

Guelder  Rose 101 

Gymnocladus 50 

Gynerium 103 

Gypsophila      147 

Halesia  (see,  also,  Pterostyrax)  .    .    .    .    50 

Hamamelis  . 80 

Hardy  Roses 125-134 

Hazel 73 

Hedera 106 

Hedge  Plants      167 

Helenium 147 

Helianthus 147,  148 

Heliopsis 148 

Helleborus 148 

Hemerocallis,  or  Day  Lily 148 

Hemlock 22 

Hepatica 148 

Herbaceous  Plants 136-165 

Hercules'  Club 39 

Heuchera • 148 

Hibiscus      80,  149 

High  Cranberry  Bush 101 

Hippophae  (see,  also,  Buckthorn)     .    .    80 

Holly ii(  27,  28 

Hollyhocks  (see,  also,  Althaea)   ....  136 

Honey  Locust ...    50 

Honeysuckle 86,  106,  107 

Hop  Tree    .    .        57 

Hornbeam 40 

Horse-chestnut 39 

Horsemint 155 

Hovenia 50 

Hydrangea 83,  106 

Hypericum 83,84 

Iberis 149 

Ilex ii,  27,  28,  84 

Indian  Bean 43 

Iris 149-154 

Iron  Weed 165 

Itea 84 

Jacob's  Ladder 163 

Japanese  Maples .    38 

Japan  Judas 72 

Japan,  or  Boston  Ivy 104 

Japan  Cypress 15,  19 


f  n\j  r. 

Japan  Plums ng 

Japan  Quince      74 

apanese  Snowball 101 

asmine 84 

asminum 84 

ersey  Tea 72 

uglans 50 

Juneberry 67 

Juniper 11-13 

Juniperus 11-13 

Kalniia 28 

Kentucky  Coffee  Tree 50 

Kerria 84,  90 

Kniphofia 154 

Koelreuteria 51 

Kudzu  Vine 107 

Lagerstramia 84 

Lamp  Flower 154 

Larch 51 

Larix     ....        51 

Larkspur 144 

Lathyrus 106 

Laurel 28 

Laurus.     See  Sassafras. 

Lavandula 154 

Lavender 154 

Lavender-cotton 163 

Leadwort 140 

Leather  Flower 144 

Leatherwood 79 

Lespedeza 84 

Leucothoe 28 

Liatris 154 

Ligustrum 85 

Lilac 96,  97 

Lilium 154 

Lily-of-the-valley 144 

Limonia.     See  Citrus. 

Linden 62,  65 

Liquidambar 51 

Liriodendron 51 

Liver  Leaf 148 

Lobelia 154 

Locust 50,  60 

London  Pride 154 

Lonicera 86,  106,  107 

Loosestrife 155 

Lychnis 154,  155 

Lycium 86 

Lysimachia 155 

Lythrum 155 

Maclura 51 

Magnolia 52,55 

Mahonia 28 

Maidenhair  Fern 166 

Maidenhair  Tree 60 

Maple 37»38 

Maryland  Dittany     . 144 


170 


Peonies  grown  at  Andorra.     See  page  156* 


No.  i,  Platycodon  grandiflorum  alba.     See  page  160. 
No.  2,  Perennial  Phlox.     See  page  159. 


INDEX,    continued 


Matrimony  Vine 86 

Meadow  Rue      165 

Meadow  Sweet 164 

Mertensia 155 

Mist  Flower 144 

Mist,  or  Smoke  Tree 90 

Mock  Orange 89 

Mocker  Nut 43 

Monarda 155 

Moneywort 155 

Monk's  Hood 136 

Moonpenny  Daisy 140,  143 

Morus 55 

Mountain  Ash 62 

Mountain  Bluet 140 

Mourning  Bride 163 

Mulberry 40,  55 

Myosotis 155,  156 

Myrica 86 

Negundo.     See  Acer  Negundo. 

Nepeta      156 

Nephrodium 166 

Nettle  Tree 44 

Nuts  and  Nut  Trees 114 

Nyssa 55 

Oak 58,59 

CEnothera 156 

Oleaster 79 

Onoclea 166 

Ophiopogon        156 

Orange,  Hardy  Trifoliate 72 

Osage  Orange 51 

Osmanthus 28 

Osmunda ....  166 

Oswego  Tea,  or  Fragrant  Balm     .    .    .  155 

Oxydendrum 55 

Paeonia         156-158 

Pachysandra 156 

Pampas  Grass 103 

Papaver ....  158 

Pardanthus.     See  Belemcanda. 

Parrotia 56 

Pavia.     See  .^Esculus. 

Peach 56 

Peaches    114,117 

Pearl  Bush 79 

Pears 117,118 

Pentstemon          ... 159 

Perennial  Sunflower 147,  148 

Periploca 107 

Periwinkle 166 

Persian  Iron  Tree 56 

Persica 56 

Persimmon      46 

Phalaris       103 

Phellodendron 56 

Philadelphus 89 

Phlox 159,  160 


Photinia 89 

Physostegia      160 

Picea 13,  14 

Pine      .    .  14, 15 

Pinks 145 

Pinus 14,  15 

Pinxter  Flower 68 

Plane 56 

Planting  Suggestions 3 

Platanus 56 

Platycodon 160 

Plum,  Flowering 57 

Podocarpus 15 

Polemonium 163 

Polypodium 166 

Poplar 56>57 

Populus 56,  57 

Poppy 158 

Potentilla 89,  163 

Prairie  Rose 127 

Primrose 163 

Primula 163 

Privet 85 

Pruning 4 

Prunus  (see,  also,  Cerasus) 57.9° 

Pseudotsuga 15 

Ptelea 57 

Pterostyrax 57 

Pueraria       107 

Purple  Mist 90 

Pussy  Willow 60 

Pyrethrum 163 

Pyrus 58,  90 

Quercus 58,  59 

Quinces iiS 

Ragged  Robin 155 

Raspberries .       123 

Rattlesnake  Plantain 147 

Red  Bud,  or  American  Judas 45 

Reeds  and  Grasses 103 

Retinospora 15,  16,  19 

Rhamnus 90 

Rhododendrons 3i~33 

Rhodotypos 90 

Rhubarb 124 

Rhus 59,  60,  90 

Ribbon  Grass 103 

Ribes 91 

Robinia 60,91 

Rose  Acacia 91 

Rose  Campion 155 

Rose  of  Sharon 80 

Rose,  Briar 127 

Roses,  Bush 127 

Roses,  Climbing 127 

Roses,  Everblooming 127-129 

Roses,  Hybrid  Perpetual     ....  129,  130 
Roses,  Moss 130 


173 


INDEX,    continued 


Roses,  Wichuraiana I33>134 

Rosy  Milfoil .  136 

Rubus 91 

Rudbeckia 163 

Rugosa  Roses 130,  133 

Salisburia 60 

Salix 60,  61 

Sambucus 91 

Sandwort 138 

Santolina 163 

Sassafras       ...        61 

Scabiosa  163 

Scarlet  Haw 46 

Sciadopitys 19 

Scotch  Broom  74 

Sea  Holly        .    .  146 

Sea  Lavender 165 

Sedum  - 164 

Shad-bush 39 

Shellbark  Hickory 43,  114 

Sheepberry 98 

Shrub  Yellow  Root 102 

Siberian  Pea 71 

Silk  Vine 107 

Small  Fruits        119-123 

Snake's  Beard 156 

Snakeroot 143,  146 

Snowberry  95 

Snowdrop  Tree 50 

Solidago 164 

Sophora 62 

Sorbus 62 

Sorrel  Tree .     55 

Sour  Gum 55 

Speedwell 166 

Spice  Bush 68 

Spiderwort 165 

Spindle  Tree 79 

Spiraea .91,92,95,164,165 

Spring  Adonis 136 

Spruce      13,  14,  15 

Spurge      146 

Stachys 165 

Staphylea 95 

Starwort,  or  Michaelmas  Daisy  .    .  138,  139 

Statice      165 

St.  Bernard's  Lily 137 

Stephanandra      95 

Stokesia 165 

Stokes'  Aster 165 

Stone  Crop 164 

Strawberries 123 

Strawberry  Bush 79 

Styrax 95 

Sumac      59,  60,  90 

Sunflower 147,  148 

Swamp  Huckleberry 98 

Sweet  Fern 73 

174 


Sweet  Gum 51 

Sweet  William 144,  145 

Sweet  Pepper  Bush 72 

Symphoricarpus .         95 

Syringa 89,  96,  97 

Tamarix 98 

Taxodium 62 

Taxus       19,  20 

Tecoma.     See  Bignonia. 

Thalictrum 165 

Thermopsis 165 

Thorn 27,45,46 

Thrift 138 

Thuya 21 

Thujopsis 20 

Tickseed      144 

Tiger  Lily 154 

Tilia 62,65 

Tradescantia 165 

Tree  of  Heaven 39 

Trollius  165 

Trumpet  Vine 104 

Tsuga  22 

Tulip  Tree 51 

Ulmus      65 

Umbrella  Pine 19 

Umbrella  Tree 52 

Vaccinium        98 

Varnish  Tree 51 

Vernonia 165 

Veronica 166 

Viburnum 98,  101 

Vinca    .    .    .  166 

Vines  and  Climbing  Plants  .    .    .       104-107 

Virginia  Cowslip 155 

Virgilia.     See  Cladrastis. 

Virginia  Creeper 104 

Vitex ioi 

Vitis          107 

Wax  Myrtle 86 

Wayfaring  Tree 98 

Weeping  Locust 50 

Weigela 77,  78 

White  Fringe l^ 

White  Rod 98 

Wolf's-bane \    .    .  136 

Woodwardia 166 

Willow 60,  61 

Windflower 13? 

Winter  Berry      84 

Wistaria ,    .    .    .    .       108 

Witch  Hazel 80 

Xanthoceras ioi 

Xanthorrhiza 102 

Yarrow *36 

Yellow  Wood 45 

Yew      10,  15,  19,  20 

Yucca 33 


Designed,  Illustrated  and  Printed 
by  J.  Horace  McFarland  Company, 
Horticultural  Printers^  Harrisburg,  Pa. 


14  DAY  USE 

RETURN  TO  DESK  FROM  WHICH  BORROWED 

ENVIRONMENTAL  DESIGN 
LIBRARY 

Tel.  No.  642-4818 
This  book  is  due  on  the  last  date  stamped  below,  or 

on  the  date  to  which  renewed. 
Renewed  books  are  subject  to  immediate  recall. 


FEB     5  1975 


LD  21A-3m-3,'74 
(R7057slO)476 — A-32 


General  Library 

University  of  California 

Berkeley 


U.C.  BERKELEY  LIBRARIES 


